{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T07:56:42Z","timestamp":1790150202661,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P11\/1890"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P11\/1890"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI I12\/439"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI I12\/439"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RD12\/09 RETICS RIER"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RD12\/09 RETICS RIER"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Res Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-016-0970-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]],"date-time":"2016-03-31T07:46:00Z","timestamp":1459410360000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Immunopathologic characterization of ultrasound-defined synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis patients in clinical remission"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Julio","family":"Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Celis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Usategui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Ruiz-Esquide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Far\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Cuervo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raimon","family":"Sanmart\u00ed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 L.","family":"Pablos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan D.","family":"Ca\u00f1ete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"970_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3381","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21405","volume":"52","author":"YP Goekoop-Ruiterman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Goekoop-Ruiterman YP, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, Allaart CF, van Zeben D, Kerstens PJ, Hazes JM, et al. Clinical and radiographic outcomes of four different treatment strategies in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (the BeSt study): a randomized, controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2005;52:3381\u201390.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"970_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)08513-4","volume":"353","author":"T Mottonen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mottonen T, Hannonen P, Leirisalo-Repo M, Nissila M, Kautiainen H, Korpela M, et al. Comparison of combination therapy with single-drug therapy in early rheumatoid arthritis: a randomised trial. FIN-RACo trial group. Lancet. 1999;353:1568\u201373.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"970_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16676-2","volume":"364","author":"C Grigor","year":"2004","unstructured":"Grigor C, Capell H, Stirling A, McMahon AD, Lock P, Vallance R, et al. Effect of a treatment strategy of tight control for rheumatoid arthritis (the TICORA study): a single-blind randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2004;364:263\u20139.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"970_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21519","volume":"54","author":"FC Breedveld","year":"2006","unstructured":"Breedveld FC, Weisman MH, Kavanaugh AF, Cohen SB, Pavelka K, van Vollenhoven R, et al. The PREMIER study: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of combination therapy with adalimumab plus methotrexate versus methotrexate alone or adalimumab alone in patients with early, aggressive rheumatoid arthritis who had not previous methotrexate treatment. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54:26\u201337.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"970_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.2174\/15680266113139990093","volume":"13","author":"JD Ca\u00f1ete","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ca\u00f1ete JD, Pablos JL. Biologic therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Top Med Chem. 2013;13:752\u20139.","journal-title":"Curr Top Med Chem."},{"key":"970_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3761","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22190","volume":"54","author":"AK Brown","year":"2006","unstructured":"Brown AK, Quinn MA, Karim Z, Conaghan PG, Peterfy CG, Hensor E, et al. Presence of significant synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis patients with disease-modifying antirheumatic drug-induced clinical remission: evidence from an imaging study may explain structural progression. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54:3761\u201373.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"970_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24596","volume":"60","author":"B Saleem","year":"2009","unstructured":"Saleem B, Brown AK, Keen H, Nizam S, Freeston J, Karim Z, et al. Disease remission state in patients treated with the combination of tumor necrosis factor blockade and methotrexate or with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: a clinical and imaging comparative study. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;60:1915\u201322.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"970_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23097","volume":"57","author":"RJ Wakefield","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wakefield RJ, Freeston JE, Hensor EM, Bryer D, Quinn MA, Emery P. Delay in imaging versus clinical response: a rationale for prolonged treatment with anti-tumor necrosis factor medication in early rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;57:1564\u20137.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"970_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep171","volume":"48","author":"CA Scire","year":"2009","unstructured":"Scire CA, Montecucco C, Codullo V, Epis O, Todoerti M, Caporali R. Ultrasonographic evaluation of joint involvement in early rheumatoid arthritis in clinical remission: power Doppler signal predicts short-term relapse. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009;48:1092\u20137.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"970_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.129924","volume":"70","author":"G Peluso","year":"2011","unstructured":"Peluso G, Michelutti A, Bosello S, Gremese E, Tolusso B, Ferraccioli G. Clinical and ultrasonographic remission determines different chances of relapse in early and long standing rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70:172\u20135.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"970_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket405","volume":"53","author":"SY Kawashiri","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kawashiri SY, Suzuki T, Nakashima Y, Horai Y, Okada A, Iwamoto N, et al. Ultrasonographic examination of rheumatoid arthritis patients who are free of physical synovitis: power Doppler subclinical synovitis is associated with bone erosion. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2014;53:562\u20139.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"970_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2110","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu217","volume":"53","author":"H Nguyen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nguyen H, Ruyssen-Witrand A, Gandjbakhch F, Constantin A, Foltz V, Cantagrel A. Prevalence of ultrasound-detected residual synovitis and risk of relapse and structural progression in rheumatoid arthritis patients in clinical remission: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2014;53:2110\u20138.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"970_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1002\/art.33312","volume":"64","author":"V Foltz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Foltz V, Gandjbakhch F, Etchepare F, Rosenberg C, Tanguy ML, Rozenberg S, et al. Power Doppler ultrasound, but not low-field magnetic resonance imaging, predicts relapse and radiographic disease progression in rheumatoid arthritis patients with low levels of disease activity. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64:67\u201376.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"970_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2958","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23945","volume":"58","author":"AK Brown","year":"2008","unstructured":"Brown AK, Conaghan PG, Karim Z, Quinn MA, Ikeda K, Peterfy CG, et al. An explanation for the apparent dissociation between clinical remission and continued structural deterioration in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;58:2958\u201367.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"970_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200102)44:2<331::AID-ANR50>3.0.CO;2-0","volume":"44","author":"M Walther","year":"2001","unstructured":"Walther M, Harms H, Krenn V, Radke S, Faehndrich TP, Gohlke F. Correlation of power Doppler sonography with vascularity of the synovial tissue of the knee joint in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2001;44:331\u20138.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"970_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202669","volume":"73","author":"M Andersen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Andersen M, Ellegaard K, Hebsgaard JB, Christensen R, Torp-Pedersen S, Kvist PH, et al. Ultrasound colour Doppler is associated with synovial pathology in biopsies from hand joints in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a cross-sectional study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;73:678\u201383.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"970_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.140411","volume":"41","author":"A Anandarajah","year":"2014","unstructured":"Anandarajah A, Thiele R, Giampoli E, Monu J, Seo GS, Feng C, et al. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis in clinical remission manifest persistent joint inflammation on histology and imaging studies. J Rheumatol. 2014;41:2153\u201360.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"970_CR18","first-page":"2485","volume":"32","author":"RJ Wakefield","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wakefield RJ, Balint PV, Szkudlarek M, Filippucci E, Backhaus M, D\u2019Agostino MA, et al. Musculoskeletal ultrasound including definitions for ultrasonographic pathology. J Rheumatol. 2005;32:2485\u20137.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"970_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.60.7.641","volume":"60","author":"M Backhaus","year":"2001","unstructured":"Backhaus M, Burmester GR, Gerber T, Grassi W, Machold KP, Swen WA, et al. Guidelines for musculoskeletal ultrasound in rheumatology. Ann Rheum Dis. 2001;60:641\u20139.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"970_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R5","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4431","volume":"16","author":"J Ramirez","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ramirez J, Ruiz-Esquide V, Pomes I, Celis R, Cuervo A, Hernandez MV, et al. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis in clinical remission and ultrasound-defined active synovitis exhibit higher disease activity and increased serum levels of angiogenic biomarkers. Arthritis Res Ther. 2014;16:R5.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther."},{"key":"970_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204603","volume":"74","author":"S Kelly","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kelly S, Humby F, Filer A, Ng N, Di Cicco M, Hands RE, et al. Ultrasound-guided synovial biopsy: a safe, well-tolerated and reliable technique for obtaining high-quality synovial tissue from both large and small joints in early arthritis patients. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;74:611\u20137.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"970_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65474-0","volume":"155","author":"JL Pablos","year":"1999","unstructured":"Pablos JL, Amara A, Bouloc A, Santiago B, Caruz A, Galindo M, et al. Stromal-cell derived factor is expressed by dendritic cells and endothelium in human skin. Am J Pathol. 1999;155:1577\u201386.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol."},{"key":"970_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.089284","volume":"68","author":"JD Ca\u00f1ete","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ca\u00f1ete JD, Celis R, Moll C, Izquierdo E, Marsal S, Sanmarti R, et al. Clinical significance of synovial lymphoid neogenesis and its reversal after anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68:751\u20136.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"970_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R862","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1757","volume":"7","author":"JJ Haringman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Haringman JJ, Vinkenoog M, Gerlag DM, Smeets TJ, Zwinderman AH, Tak PP. Reliability of computerized image analysis for the evaluation of serial synovial biopsies in randomized controlled trials in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2005;7:R862\u20137.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther."},{"key":"970_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.029751","volume":"64","author":"JJ Haringman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Haringman JJ, Gerlag DM, Zwinderman AH, Smeets TJ, Kraan MC, Baeten D, et al. Synovial tissue macrophages: a sensitive biomarker for response to treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005;64:834\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"970_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090348","volume":"36","author":"B Bresnihan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bresnihan B, Pontifex E, Thurlings RM, Vinkenoog M, El-Gabalawy H, Fearon U, et al. Synovial tissue sublining CD68 expression is a biomarker of therapeutic response in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials: consistency across centers. J Rheumatol. 2009;36:1800\u20132.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"970_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.002071","volume":"135","author":"U Tigges","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tigges U, Hyer EG, Scharf J, Stallcup WB. FGF2-dependent neovascularization of subcutaneous Matrigel plugs is initiated by bone marrow-derived pericytes and macrophages. Development. 2008;135:523\u201332.","journal-title":"Development."},{"key":"970_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2008.00415.x","volume":"13","author":"G Andr\u00e9s","year":"2009","unstructured":"Andr\u00e9s G, Leali D, Mitola S, Coltrini D, Camozzi M, Corsini M, et al. A pro-inflammatory signature mediates FGF2-induced angiogenesis. J Cell Mol Med. 2009;13:2083\u2013108.","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med."},{"key":"970_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1073176","volume":"297","author":"DM Lee","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lee DM, Friend DS, Gurish MF, Benoist C, Mathis D, Brenner MB. A cellular link between autoantibodies and inflammatory arthritis. Science. 2002;297:1689\u201392.","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"970_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1006\/smim.1998.0140","volume":"10","author":"SN Abraham","year":"1998","unstructured":"Abraham SN, Arock M. Mast cells and basophils in innate immunity. Semin Immunol. 1998;10:373\u201381.","journal-title":"Semin Immunol."},{"key":"970_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3336","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0903566","volume":"184","author":"AJ Hueber","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hueber AJ, Asquith DL, Miller AM, Reilly J, Kerr S, Leipe J, et al. Mast cells express IL17A in rheumatoid arthritis synovium. J Immunol. 2010;184:3336\u201340.","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"970_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/art.33396","volume":"64","author":"T Noordenbos","year":"2012","unstructured":"Noordenbos T, Yeremenko N, Gofita I, van de Sande M, Tak PP, Ca\u00f1ete JD, et al. Interleukin-17-positive mast cells contribute to synovial inflammation in spondylarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64:99\u2013109.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"970_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-011-0201-y","volume":"13","author":"S Bugatti","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bugatti S, Manzo A, Bombardieri M, Vitolo B, Humby F, Kelly S, et al. Synovial tissue heterogeneity and peripheral blood biomarkers. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2011;13:440\u20138.","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep."},{"key":"970_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.092791","volume":"68","author":"YK Teng","year":"2009","unstructured":"Teng YK, Levarht EW, Toes RE, Huizinga TW, van Laar JM. Residual inflammation after rituximab treatment is associated with sustained synovial plasma cell infiltration and enhanced B cell repopulation. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68:1011\u20136.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"970_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.080440","volume":"67","author":"CA Wijbrandts","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wijbrandts CA, Dijkgraaf MG, Kraan MC, Vinkenoog M, Smeets TJ, Dinant H, et al. The clinical response to infliximab in rheumatoid arthritis is in part dependent on pretreatment tumour necrosis factor alpha expression in the synovium. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008;67:1139\u201344.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."}],"container-title":["Arthritis Research &amp; Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13075-016-0970-9","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,24]],"date-time":"2017-06-24T05:43:31Z","timestamp":1498283011000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/arthritis-research.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13075-016-0970-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["970"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13075-016-0970-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-6362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-6362","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]]},"article-number":"74"}}