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Written informed consent was obtained from all patients. The institutional ethics committees granting approval (approval dates) were as follows: Asahi University Murakami Memorial Hospital (September 14, 2005); Asahikawa Medical University Hospital (September 26, 2005); Chiba University Hospital (September 20, 2005); Dohgo Spa Hospital (September 5, 2005); Dokkyo Medical University Hospital (September 26, 2005); Fujita Health University Hospital (September 28, 2005); Fukui General Hospital (August 26, 2005); Fukushima Daiichi Hospital (September 22, 2005); Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, University Hospital (October 6, 2005); Higashi Hiroshima Memorial Hospital (August 23, 2005); Hiroshima City Hospital (September 13, 2005); Hokkaido University Hospital (October 18, 2005); Japanese Red Cross Kitami Hospital (October 24, 2005); Japanese Red Cross Saitama Hospital (September 6, 2005); Jichi Medical University Hospital (September 16, 2005); Kagawa University Hospital (September 28, 2005); Kanazawa University Hospital (October 19, 2005); Kasumigaseki Urban Clinic (October 20, 2005); Keio University Hospital (October 20, 2005); Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center (September 29, 2005); Kitasato University Hospital (September 21, 2005); Kobe University Hospital (November 16, 2005); Kondo Clinic of Rheumatology and Orthopedic Surgery (September 27, 2005); Kumamoto Orthopedic Hospital (September 21, 2005); Kyoto University Hospital (October 19, 2005); Kyushu University Hospital (October 27, 2005); Marunouchi Hospital (October 26, 2005); Matsubara Mayflower Hospital (September 14, 2005); Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital (September 14, 2005); Nagasaki University Hospital (September 20, 2005); National Hospital Organization Chiba East Hospital (September 13, 2005); National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center (September 28, 2005); National Hospital Organization Mie Chuo Medical Center (September 1, 2005); National Hospital Organization Morioka National Hospital (October 4, 2005); National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center (September 7, 2005); National Hospital Organization Osaka Minami Medical Center (September 30, 2005); National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital (September 21, 2005); Nihon University Itabashi Hospital (October 25, 2005); Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital (October 4, 2005); Nippon Medical School Hospital (September 22, 2005); Ohta Nishinouchi Hospital (September 13, 2005); Oita University Hospital (September 13, 2005); Osaka City University Hospital (September 28, 2005); Osaka Red Cross Hospital (September 16, 2005); Osaka Rosai Hospital (September 15, 2005); Osaka University Hospital (October 18, 2005); Saiseikai Takaoka Hospital (October 17, 2005); Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University (September 15, 2005); Saitama Medical University Hospital (September 27, 2005); Sapporo Medical University Hospital (November 10, 2005); Sapporo Social Insurance General Hospital (September 12, 2005); Sasebo Chuo Hospital (October 17, 2005); Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital (September 12, 2005); Shimane University Hospital (September 20, 2005); Showa University Hospital (October 17, 2005); Taga General Hospital (September 22, 2005); University of Tokyo Hospital (September 22, 2005); Toho University Medical Center Ohashi Hospital (September 28, 2005); Toho University Omori Medical Center (October 25, 2005); Tokushima University Hospital (September 15, 2005); Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine (September 26, 2005); Tokyo Metropolitan Ohtsuka Hospital (November 15, 2005); Tokyo Women\u2019s Medical University Hospital (September 9, 2005); Tokyo Women\u2019s Medical University Medical Center East (September 9, 2005); Tomishiro Central Hospital (August 15, 2005); Tsukuba University Hospital (September 13, 2005); University Hospital, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan (September 13, 2005); Utazu Hama Clinic (October 7, 2005); Yamaguchi University Hospital (August 31, 2005); Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital (September 20, 2005); and Yamauchi Hospital (September 9, 2005).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"TT has received grant support, consultant\u2019s fees, and\/or lecture fees from AbbVie GK, Asahi Kasei Medical, Asahi Kasei Pharma, Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca K.K., AYUMI Pharmaceutical, Bristol-Myers K.K., Celltrion, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly Japan, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Merck Serono, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Nippon Kayaku, Nippon Shinyaku, Novartis Pharma K.K., Pfizer Japan, Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical, Takeda Pharmaceutical, and Teijin Pharma. TI, TYano, and TYoshinari are employees of Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma. TK has received consultant\u2019s fees and\/or lecture fees from AbbVie GK, Astellas Pharma, Bristol-Myers K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly Japan, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Pfizer Japan, Santen Pharmaceutical, Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical, Teijin Pharma, and UCB Japan. NM and TA declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"194"}}