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Peripheral B cells acquired from these subjects were separated by cell sorting into four subsets: CD38\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      IgD\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      (Bm1), CD38\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      IgD\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      (naive B cells), CD38\n                      <jats:sup>high<\/jats:sup>\n                      IgD\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      (pre-germinal centre B cells) and CD38\n                      <jats:sup>\u00b1<\/jats:sup>\n                      IgD\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      (memory B cells). We performed differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Expression of the long non-coding RNA\n                      <jats:italic>LINC00487<\/jats:italic>\n                      was significantly upregulated in all B cell subsets, as was that of HLA and interferon (IFN) signature genes. Moreover, the normalized intensity value of\n                      <jats:italic>LINC00487<\/jats:italic>\n                      significantly correlated with the disease activity score of all pSS B cell subsets. Studies of human B cell lines revealed that the expression of\n                      <jats:italic>LINC00487<\/jats:italic>\n                      was strongly induced by IFN\u03b1. WGCNA revealed six gene clusters associated with the B cell subpopulation of pSS. Further,\n                      <jats:italic>SOX4<\/jats:italic>\n                      was identified as an inter-module hub gene.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our transcriptome analysis revealed key genes involved in the dysregulation of B cell subpopulations associated with pSS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Not required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-020-02248-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]],"date-time":"2020-06-22T07:03:02Z","timestamp":1592809382000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Identification of novel genes associated with dysregulation of B cells in patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Inamo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsuya","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaru","family":"Takeshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiaki","family":"Kassai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maiko","family":"Takiguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rina","family":"Kurisu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuumi","family":"Okuzono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinya","family":"Tasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiko","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1111-8218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2248_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205375","volume":"74","author":"B Qin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Qin B, Wang J, Yang Z, et al. 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Cell Rep. 2018;25:2148\u201362 e5.","journal-title":"Cell Rep."}],"container-title":["Arthritis Research &amp; Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13075-020-02248-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13075-020-02248-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13075-020-02248-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]],"date-time":"2021-06-21T19:53:17Z","timestamp":1624305197000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/arthritis-research.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13075-020-02248-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2248"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13075-020-02248-2","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-26390\/v3","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-26390\/v1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-26390\/v2","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1478-6362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-6362","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 April 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 June 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 June 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Ethics approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of Keio University School of Medicine (IRB No. 20110258). Consent to participate was obtained from all subjects in the current study before the blood specimen was collected.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"YK, YO, MTaki and RK are employed by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. S.T. was employed by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. KS has received research grants from Eisai, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Kissei Pharmaceutical and Daiichi Sankyo; speaking fees from Abbie Japan, Astellas Pharma, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Eisai, Fuji Film Limited, Janssen Pharmaceutical, Kissei Pharmaceutical, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharmaceutical, Pfizer Japan, Shionogi, Takeda Pharmaceutical and UCB Japan; and consulting fees from Abbie and Pfizer Japan. AY has received speaking fees from Chugai Pharmaceutical, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharmaceutical, Pfizer Japan, Ono Pharmaceutical, Maruho and Novartis, and consulting fees from GSK Japan. TT has received research grants from Astellas Pharma Inc., Bristol-Myers KK, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Teijin Pharma Ltd., AbbVie GK, Asahikasei Pharma Corp, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co, Pfizer Japan Inc., Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Eisai Co. Ltd., AYUMI Pharmaceutical Corporation and Nipponkayaku Co. Ltd.; speaking fees from AbbVie GK, Bristol-Myers KK, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co, Pfizer Japan Inc., Astellas Pharma Inc. and Diaichi Sankyo Co. Ltd.; and consultant fees from Astra Zeneca KK, Eli Lilly Japan KK, Novartis Pharma KK, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co, Abbivie GK, Nipponkayaku Co. Ltd., Janssen Pharmaceutical KK, Astellas Pharma Inc. and Taiho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. JI and MT declare no potential conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"153"}}