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IR-related risk factors, disease activity (DAS28-ESR\/CRP), concentrations of inflammation markers, MMP3, glucose, specific insulin, and C-peptide (a marker of \u03b2-cell secretion) were determined. Homeostasis Model Assessment was used to establish insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) and sensitivity (HOMA2-%S). Associations of HOMA2 indices with IR-related risk factors, inflammation markers, and RA activity were tested using multiple regression analyses.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>RA patients had significantly increased HOMA2-IR index than controls. In the RA group, multivariate analysis revealed DAS28-ESR, DAS28-CRP, tender joint counts, patient\u2019s global assessment, and MMP3 level as significant positive predictors for HOMA2-IR (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.206, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014; <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.192, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009; <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.121, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005; <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.148, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007; <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.075, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.025, respectively), and reciprocal negative for HOMA2-%S index. According to the value of the coefficient of determination (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), DAS28-ESR\u2009\u2265\u20095.1 has the largest proportion of variation in both HOMA2-IR indices. DAS28-ESR\u2009\u2265\u20095.1 and ESR were independent predictors for increased C-peptide concentration (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.090, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.022; <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.133, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.022). Despite comparability regarding all IR-related risk factors, patients with DAS28-ESR\u2009\u2265\u20095.1 had higher HOMA2-IR than controls [1.7 (1.2\u20132.5) vs. 1.2 (0.8\u20131.4), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.000]. There was no difference between patients with DAS28-ESR\u2009&lt;\u20095.1 and controls [1.3 (0.9\u20131.9) vs. 1.2 (0.8\u20131.4), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.375].<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>RA activity is an independent risk factor for impaired glucose metabolism. DAS28-ESR\u2009\u2265\u20095.1 was the main contributor to this metabolic disturbance, followed by MMP3 concentration, outweighing the impact of classic IR-related risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-021-02476-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]],"date-time":"2021-03-26T05:21:33Z","timestamp":1616736093000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Impact of disease activity on impaired glucose metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5760-492X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gorica G.","family":"Risti\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vesna","family":"Subota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dejana","family":"Stanisavljevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danilo","family":"Vojvodi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arsen D.","family":"Risti\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Branislava","family":"Gli\u0161i\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milan","family":"Petronijevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Du\u0161an Z.","family":"Stefanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2476_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Del Rincon I, Williams K, Stern MP, Freeman GL, Escalante A. 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