{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T21:59:46Z","timestamp":1793743186764,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,19]],"date-time":"2022-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660867200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,19]],"date-time":"2022-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum W\u00fcrzburg"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Res Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Assessing serological inflammation is difficult in tocilizumab (TCZ)-treated rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, as standard inflammation parameters, like erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP), are influenced by interleukin-6-receptor inhibition. Calprotectin in the serum, also named S100A8\/S100A9, might be a more useful inflammation parameter in TCZ-treated patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Sixty-nine RA patients taking TCZ were included. Serum-calprotectin levels were assessed, as well as ESR, CRP, need for a change in disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs due to RA activity (= active RA), and the RA clinical disease activity score (CDAI). Forty-five RA patients taking tumor-necrosis factor-inhibitors (TNFi) were investigated for the same parameters.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>TCZ-treated patients with active RA had higher calprotectin values than not active RA patients (4155.5 [inter quartile range 1865.3\u20136068.3] vs 1040.0 [676.0\u20131638.0] ng\/ml, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). A calprotectin cut-off value of 1916.5 ng\/ml resulted in a sensitivity and specificity of 80.0 %, respectively, for the detection of RA disease activity. Calprotectin values correlated with CDAI-scores (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.228; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.011). ESR and CRP were less suitable to detect RA activity in TCZ-treated patients. Also TNFi-treated patients with active RA had higher calprotectin values compared to not active RA (5422.0 [3749.0\u20138150.8] vs 1845.0 [832.0\u20132569.0] ng\/ml, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). The calprotectin value with the best sensitivity and specificity for detecting RA activity was 3690.5 ng\/ml among TNFi-treated patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Calprotectin in the serum can be a useful inflammation parameter despite TCZ-treatment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-022-02887-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,19]],"date-time":"2022-08-19T07:03:10Z","timestamp":1660892590000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Calprotectin (S100A8\/S100A9) detects inflammatory activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving tocilizumab therapy"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0074-4459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Gernert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3289-2299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Schmalzing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Peter","family":"Tony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3168-7074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick-Pascal","family":"Strunz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1935-2092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva Christina","family":"Schwaneck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7745-3903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Fr\u00f6hlich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2887_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(89)80476-4","volume":"242","author":"JV Castell","year":"1989","unstructured":"Castell JV, G\u00f3mez-Lech\u00f3n MJ, David M, Andus T, Geiger T, Trullenque R, et al. 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Solely routine parameters (for a tertiary referral center) were implemented in this analysis, why obtaining informed consent was not necessary according to German law. All data was generated in compliance with the declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"MG received travel grants, compensation for advisory boards, or speaker\u2019s fees from AbbVie, Chugai, Eli Lilly, Hexal, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, and Takeda.MS received speaker\u2019s fees, travel grants, research funding, or compensation for consultancies or board memberships from AbbVie, Actelion, AstraZeneca, BMS, Boehringer\/Ingelheim, Celgene, Chugai\/Roche, Eli Lilly, Genzyme, Gilead, Hexal\/Sandoz, Janssen-Cilag, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi Pasteur, Takeda (Shire), and UCB.H-PT received speaker\u2019s fees, travel grants, research funding, or compensation for consultancies or board memberships from AbbVie, BMS, Chugai\/Roche, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Janssen, Novartis, Sandoz\/Hexal, Sanofi Aventis, and Takeda (Shire).P-PS received travel grants from AbbVie and Janssen-Cilag and research founding from Chugai.ECS received speaker\u2019s fees, travel grants, research funding, or compensation for consultancies or board memberships from AbbVie, Amgen, Chugai, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Janssen-Cilag, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and Takeda (Shire).MF received speaker\u2019s fees, travel grants, or compensation for board memberships from AbbVie, Novartis, Janssen, and Eli Lilly.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"200"}}