{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T15:06:49Z","timestamp":1776179209642,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689897600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689897600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Res Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To investigate the presence of different isotypes of anti-carbamylated protein (CarP) antibodies in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients and its association with skin involvement.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Sera of 194 SSc patients from the Leiden CCISS cohort, fulfilling ACR\/EULAR 2013 criteria and a clinical diagnosis of SSc, 83 patients with other connective tissue diseases\/Raynaud\u2019s Phenomenon, 24 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 98 age and sex-matched healthy controls were tested for the presence of anti-CarP IgG, IgA and IgM, determined by ELISA. Clinical characteristics, that were evaluated in SSc patients, included age, anti-topoisomerase antibodies (ATA), anti-centromere antibodies (ACA) and modified Rodnan Skin Score (mRSS).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The SSc patients were 55 (SD:13) years and 155 (80%) were female. Forty-four (23%) patients tested positive for ATA, and 80 (42%) ACA. The median mRSS was 2 (range: 0; 47).<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>Prevalence of anti-CarP IgG was higher in SSc patients than in healthy controls (8% vs 3%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007. Prevalence of anti-CarP IgA and IgM and levels of anti-CarP isotypes were comparable between SSc patients and healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>Fifteen (8%) SSc patients tested positive for anti-CarP IgG, 16 (8%) for anti-CarP IgA, and 36 (19%) for anti-CarP IgM. There were no significant correlations between age and levels of anti-CarP isotypes. No correlation between anti-CarP IgG levels and mRSS was found (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.141, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.049), nor for anti-CarP IgM and IgA levels. Anti-CarP IgA levels were higher in ATA compared to ACA positive SSc patients (ATA: 616 aU\/ml [359; 1103]; ACA: 424 aU\/ml [300; 673], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.015).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>SSc patients can test positive for Anti-CarP IgG, IgA and IgM. We do not observe a relevant clinical association between anti-CarP antibody response and skin involvement in SSc.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-023-03099-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T09:01:48Z","timestamp":1689930108000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Anti-carbamylated protein antibodies in systemic sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Sophie I. E.","family":"Liem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. M.","family":"Hoekstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. W. 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