{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T02:31:00Z","timestamp":1791685860119,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]],"date-time":"2024-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]],"date-time":"2024-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Chinese Medicine Research Program of Zhejiang Province","award":["No.2023ZR054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2023ZR054"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Res Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is one of several disorders known as seronegative spinal arthritis (SpA), the origin of which is unknown. Existing epidemiological data show that inflammatory and immunological factors are important in the development of AS. Previous research on the connection between immunological inflammation and AS, however, has shown inconclusive results.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To evaluate the causal association between immunological characteristics and AS, a bidirectional, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach was performed in this study. We investigated the causal connection between 731 immunological feature characteristic cells and AS risk using large, publically available genome-wide association studies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>After FDR correction, two immunophenotypes were found to be significantly associated with AS risk: CD14\u2009\u2212\u2009CD16\u2009+\u2009monocyte (OR, 0.669; 95% CI, 0.544\u2009~\u20090.823; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091.46\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.043), CD33dim HLA DR\u2009+\u2009CD11b\u2009+\u2009(OR, 0.589; 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.446\u2009~\u20090.780; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092.12\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.043). AS had statistically significant effects on six immune traits: CD8 on HLA DR\u2009+\u2009CD8\u2009+\u2009T cell (OR, 1.029; 95% CI, 1.015\u2009~\u20091.043; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094.46\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.014), IgD on IgD\u2009+\u2009CD24\u2009+\u2009B cell (OR, 0.973; 95% CI, 0.960\u2009~\u20090.987; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091.2\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>;<jats:italic> P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.021), IgD on IgD\u2009+\u2009CD38\u2009\u2212\u2009unswitched memory B cell (OR, 0.962; 95% CI, 0.945\u2009~\u20090.980; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093.02\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.014), CD8\u2009+\u2009natural killer T %lymphocyte (OR, 0.973; 95% CI, 0.959\u2009~\u20090.987; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091.92\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.021), CD8\u2009+\u2009natural killer T %T cell (OR, 0.973; 95% CI, 0.959\u2009~\u20090.987; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091.65\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.021).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our findings extend genetic research into the intimate link between immune cells and AS, which can help guide future clinical and basic research.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-024-03266-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]],"date-time":"2024-01-16T07:02:24Z","timestamp":1705388544000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["The causal relationship between immune cells and ankylosing spondylitis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yuchang","family":"Fei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"3266_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1080\/08820139.2019.1567531","volume":"48","author":"M Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen M, Hu X, Wu M, et al. 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