{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T17:49:15Z","timestamp":1789148955647,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707350400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Res Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Alcohol consumption is a risk factor for hyperuricaemia and gout. Multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified as associated with both alcohol consumption and serum urate or gout in separate genome-wide association studies (GWAS). This study aimed to identify and characterise interactions between these shared signals of genetic association and alcohol consumption for serum urate level, hyperuricaemia, and gout.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This research was conducted using the UK Biobank resource. The association of alcohol consumption with serum urate and gout was tested among 458,405 European participants. Candidate SNPs were identified by comparing serum urate, gout, and alcohol consumption GWAS for shared signals of association. Multivariable-adjusted linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted with the inclusion of interaction terms to identify SNP-alcohol consumption interactions for association with serum urate level, hyperuricaemia, and gout. The nature of these interactions was characterised using genotype-stratified association analyses.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Alcohol consumption was associated with elevated serum urate and gout. For serum urate level, non-additive interactions were identified between alcohol consumption and rs1229984 at the <jats:italic>ADH1B<\/jats:italic> locus (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 3.0 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u221244<\/jats:sup>) and rs6460047 at the <jats:italic>MLXIPL<\/jats:italic> locus (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 1.4 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>). <jats:italic>ADH1B<\/jats:italic> also demonstrated interaction with alcohol consumption for hyperuricaemia (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 7.9 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u221213<\/jats:sup>) and gout (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 8.2 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22129<\/jats:sup>). Beer intake had the most significant interaction with <jats:italic>ADH1B<\/jats:italic> for association with serum urate and gout among men, while wine intake had the most significant interaction among women. In the genotype-stratified association analyses, <jats:italic>ADH1B<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>MLXIPL<\/jats:italic> were associated with serum urate level and <jats:italic>ADH1B<\/jats:italic> was associated with hyperuricaemia and gout among consumers of alcohol but not non-consumers.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In this large study of European participants, novel interactions with alcohol consumption were identified at <jats:italic>ADH1B<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>MLXIPL<\/jats:italic> for association with serum urate level and at <jats:italic>ADH1B<\/jats:italic> for association with hyperuricaemia and gout. The association of <jats:italic>ADH1B<\/jats:italic> with serum urate and gout may occur through the modulation of alcohol metabolism rate among consumers of alcohol.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-024-03279-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T06:02:34Z","timestamp":1707372154000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Interaction of genetic variation at ADH1B and MLXIPL with alcohol consumption for elevated serum urate level and gout among people of European ethnicity"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Min H","family":"Chuah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan P","family":"Leask","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth K","family":"Topless","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory D","family":"Gamble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas A","family":"Sumpter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa K","family":"Stamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tony R","family":"Merriman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Dalbeth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"3279_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1177\/095952874803100109","volume":"31","author":"AB Garrod","year":"1848","unstructured":"Garrod AB. 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All participants provided broad written consent for the use of their anonymised data in any health-related research. This study was approved under application number 12611 and complied with all ethical regulations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"ND has received consulting fees, speaker fees, or grants from AstraZeneca, Novartis, Horizon, Selecta, Arthrosi, JW Pharmaceutical Corporation, PK Med, LG Chem, JPI, PTC Therapeutics, Protalix, Unlocked Labs, Hikma, outside the submitted work. The other authors have no conflicting interests to report.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"45"}}