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Calcinosis sample titration with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (\u2018EDTA\u2019) assessed the concentration at which the EDTA dissolved the calcinosis deposits in vitro.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>FTIR spectra of the samples displayed peaks characteristic of hydroxyapatite, where signals attributable to the phosphate and carbonate ions were all identified. Polymorph characterization using Raman spectra were identical to a hydroxyapatite reference while the PXRD and electron diffraction patterns conclusively identified the mineral present as hydroxyapatite. TEM analysis showed differences of morphology between the samples. Rounded particles from stone samples were up to a few micron in size, while needle-like crystals from paste samples reached up to 0.5\u00a0\u00b5m in length.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>Calcium phosphate deposits were effectively dissolved with 3% aqueous solutions of EDTA, in vitro. Complete dissolution of both types of deposit was achieved in approximately 30\u00a0min using a molar ratio of EDTA\/HAp of \u2248 300.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Stone and paste calcium-based deposits both comprise hydroxyapatite, but the constituent crystals vary in size and morphology. Hydroxyapatite is the only crystalline polymorph present in the SSc-related calcinosis deposits. Hydroxyapatite can be dissolved in vitro using a dosage of EDTA considered safe for clinical application. Further research is required to establish the optimal medium to develop the medical product, determine the protocol for clinical application, and to assess the effectiveness of EDTA for local treatment of dystrophic calcinosis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-024-03324-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T05:01:46Z","timestamp":1716354106000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dystrophic calcinosis: structural and morphological composition, and evaluation of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (\u2018EDTA\u2019) for potential local treatment"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Phillip","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorraine","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bartosz","family":"Marzec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Meldrum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Del Galdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Begonya","family":"Alcacer-Pitarch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"3324_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1159\/000018074","volume":"198","author":"A Marzano","year":"1999","unstructured":"Marzano A, et al. 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