{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T22:48:35Z","timestamp":1784242115852,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Res Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an incurable chronic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology. Therefore, the development of new treatments is urgently needed. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of extracellular vesicles (EV) derived from immortalized mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) primed with conditioned media obtained from disease-conditioned immune cells (CM-EV) and iMSC-derived EV (ASC-EV) in a murine model of SLE.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Female NZB\/W F1 mice were divided into the control (C, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915), ASC-EV (E, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915), and CM-EV (CM, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915) groups. Mice in the C, E, and CM groups were intravenously administered saline, ASC-EV, and CM-EV, respectively, once weekly from 6 to 42\u00a0weeks of age.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Compared to the ASC-EV, the CM-EV showed a significant increase in TGF-\u03b21 production and miR-155-5p and miR-142-3p expression. CM-EV treatment increased survival, decreased anti-dsDNA antibody levels, and ameliorated renal histopathology. Although ASC-EV treatment significantly reduced the incidence of severe proteinuria and improved renal histopathology, it did not significantly improve survival rate.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>ASC-EV or CM-EV treatment significantly decreased the proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages (CD11c\u2009+\u2009CD206-; M1) and M1:M2 ratio. Additionally, CM-EV treatment significantly increased the expression of anti-inflammatory macrophages (CD11c-CD206\u2009+\u2009; M2). Moreover, CM-EV treatment significantly decreased the expression of lupus-specific miRNAs (miR-182-5p and miR-183-5p) in the spleen.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>EV derived from iMSCs primed with conditioned media obtained from disease-conditioned immune cells exert immunomodulatory effects and ameliorate SLE in a murine model.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-024-03435-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T06:59:14Z","timestamp":1731913154000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Therapeutic effects of extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells primed with disease-conditioned-immune cells in systemic lupus erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Eun Wha","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Il Seob","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I-Rang","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihye","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bongkum","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sungjoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"3435_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"096368972211487","DOI":"10.1177\/09636897221148775","volume":"32","author":"Y Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu Y, Miao H, Lin S, Chen Z. 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The animal studies were reviewed and approved (KW-211020\u20131) by the IACUC of Kangwon National University and the IACUC of GenNBio (GN-IACUC-22\u201305-07) as follows: Experiment to obtain splenocytes from a murine model of SLE: (1) Title of the approved project: The effects of advanced mesenchymal stem cell-derived materials on SLE; (2) Name of the institutional approval committee: IACUC of Kangwon National University; (3) Approval number: KW-211020\u20131; (4) Date of approval: October 26, 2021; In vivo study: (1) Title of the approved project: The therapeutic effect of advanced exosome in a murine model of SLE; (2) Name of the institutional approval committee: IACUC of GenNBio; (3) Approval number: GN-IACUC-22\u201305-07; (4) Date of approval: May 11, 2022.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"EWC is listed as an inventor on a pending patent that describes the \u201cMesenchymal stem cells primed with disease-condition-immune cells and uses thereof.\u201d Since EWC and her institute stand to profit from this work, EWC has a conflict of interest in this capacity, which has hereby been officially disclosed. JL, BC, and SK are employees of GenNBio Inc. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"201"}}