{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T14:48:38Z","timestamp":1782226118606,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735776000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20220530145001002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Res Ther"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-024-03469-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T06:19:00Z","timestamp":1735798740000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Predicting autoimmune thyroiditis in primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome patients using a random forest classifier: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Jia-yun","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing-yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-qi","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue-ning","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ru-yi","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-ling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-min","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan-xuan","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-ling","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng-hui","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-fen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan-qing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie-ruo","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"3469_CR1","unstructured":"Jisha JN, Tejas PS. Sjogren\u2019s syndrome: Review of the aetiology, Pathophysiology & Potential therapeutic interventions. J Clin Exp Dent. 2017;9(4)."},{"issue":"2","key":"3469_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.016","volume":"14","author":"A Antonelli","year":"2015","unstructured":"Antonelli A, Ferrari SM, Corrado A, Di Domenicantonio A, Fallahi P. Autoimmune thyroid disorders. Autoimmun Rev. 2015;14(2):174\u201380.","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"3469_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tagoe CE. Rheumatic symptoms in Autoimmune Thyroiditis. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2015;17(2).","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-014-0479-7"},{"key":"3469_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vera DM, Goran R, Ivan B, Sanja O, Radmila P, Marija R-P et al. High prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease in subjects with sicca symptoms without Sjogren\u2019s syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2013;52(4).","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes423"},{"issue":"22","key":"3469_CR5","first-page":"3252","volume":"123","author":"DF Lin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lin DF, Yan SM, Zhao Y, Zhang W, Li MT, Zeng XF, et al. Clinical and prognostic characteristics of 573 cases of primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Chin Med J (Engl). 2010;123(22):3252\u20137.","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"3469_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mario G-P, Ivette C-B, Vanessa S-G, Yemil A-F, Gustavo B, Carlos A, A-S et al. Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome: Real-life Screening Practice and Clinical Outcomes. Curr Rheumatol Rev. 2022;18(3).","DOI":"10.2174\/1573397118666220127105546"},{"issue":"4","key":"3469_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.10.002","volume":"11","author":"P Cruz-Tapias","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cruz-Tapias P, Rojas-Villarraga A, Maier-Moore S, Anaya JM. HLA and Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome susceptibility. A meta-analysis of worldwide studies. Autoimmun Rev. 2012;11(4):281\u20137.","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"3469_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-171","volume":"11","author":"SV Ramagopalan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ramagopalan SV, Goldacre R, Disanto G, Giovannoni G, Goldacre MJ. Hospital admissions for vitamin D related conditions and subsequent immune-mediated disease: record-linkage studies. BMC Med. 2013;11:171.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3469_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-015-0766-3","volume":"17","author":"P Brito-Zer\u00f3n","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brito-Zer\u00f3n P, Gheitasi H, Retamozo S, Bov\u00e9 A, Londo\u00f1o M, S\u00e1nchez-Tapias JM, et al. How hepatitis C virus modifies the immunological profile of Sj\u00f6gren syndrome: analysis of 783 patients. Arthritis Res Ther. 2015;17(1):250.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"3469_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berthold S, Daniela H, Stefan W, Andreas C, Markus R. Frequency of chromosomal aberrations involving MALT1 in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in patients with Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Clin Cancer Res. 2004;10(2).","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-0873-03"},{"issue":"1","key":"3469_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-023-03191-8","volume":"25","author":"DH Solomon","year":"2023","unstructured":"Solomon DH, Guan H, Johansson FD, Santacroce L, Malley W, Guo L, et al. Assessing clusters of comorbidities in rheumatoid arthritis: a machine learning approach. Arthritis Res Ther. 2023;25(1):224.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"3469_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.6.554","volume":"61","author":"C Vitali","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vitali C, Bombardieri S, Jonsson R, Moutsopoulos H, Alexander E, Carsons S, et al. Classification criteria for Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome: a revised version of the European criteria proposed by the American-European Consensus Group. Ann Rheum Dis. 2002;61(6):554\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"3469_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rongbo W, Kuo Z, Qihang Z, Leqi Z, Qizhi L, Guanyu Y et al. Machine learning-based random forest predicts anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer. J Gastrointest Oncol. 2021;12(3).","DOI":"10.21037\/jgo-20-436"},{"key":"3469_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178782","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1178782","volume":"10","author":"C Bin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bin C, Li Q, Tang J, Dai C, Jiang T, Xie X, et al. Machine learning models for predicting the risk factor of carotid plaque in cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023;10:1178782.","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"10391","key":"3469_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1878","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00457-9","volume":"401","author":"N Conrad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Conrad N, Misra S, Verbakel J, Verbeke G, Molenberghs G, Taylor P, et al. Incidence, prevalence, and co-occurrence of autoimmune disorders over time and by age, sex, and socioeconomic status: a population-based cohort study of 22 million individuals in the UK. Lancet (London England). 2023;401(10391):1878\u201390.","journal-title":"Lancet (London England)"},{"key":"3469_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luis JJ, Carmen N, Mar\u00eda del Pilar B-Z, Mario G-C, Ricardo OE, Manuel R-C. Thyroid disease in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Clin Rheumatol. 2007;26(10).","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-007-0638-6"},{"key":"3469_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Margit Z, Ildiko Fanny H, Antonia S, Peter S. Autoimmune thyroid diseases in a large group of Hungarian patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Thyroid. 2009;19(1).","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2007.0398"},{"issue":"5","key":"3469_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-012-2570-6","volume":"33","author":"P Caramaschi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Caramaschi P, Biasi D, Caimmi C, Scambi C, Pieropan S, Barausse G, et al. The co-occurrence of Hashimoto thyroiditis in primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome defines a subset of patients with milder clinical phenotype. Rheumatol Int. 2013;33(5):1271\u20135.","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"3469_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Divi C, Val\u00e9rie D-P, Gabriel JT, Jacques-Olivier P, Sandrine J-J, Alain S. B cells in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome: from pathophysiology to diagnosis and treatment. J Autoimmun. 2012;39(3).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2012.05.014"},{"issue":"2","key":"3469_CR20","first-page":"278","volume":"35","author":"H Ren","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ren H, Wang W, Chen X, Zhang W, Pan X, Wang X, et al. Renal involvement and followup of 130 patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. J Rhuematol. 2008;35(2):278\u201384.","journal-title":"J Rhuematol"},{"key":"3469_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hui Z, Yanhong W, Pingting Y, Xinwang D, Yongfu W, Jian X et al. Hyperglobulinemia predicts increased risk of mortality in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome: Based on a Chinese multicentre registry. Mod Rheumatol. 2023;34(1).","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/road010"},{"issue":"3","key":"3469_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-019-04869-8","volume":"39","author":"J L\u00f3pez-Morales","year":"2020","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Morales J, Cortes-Mu\u00f1oz D, Astudillo-\u00c1ngel M, Hern\u00e1ndez-Molina G. Persistent serological activity in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Clin Rheumatol. 2020;39(3):919\u201323.","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"3469_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tabea S, Emelie K, Franz Felix K, Nadine Z, Sonja B, Nils Kristian P et al. Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome with and without neurological involvement. J Neurol. 2023;270(6).","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-023-11613-5"},{"issue":"2","key":"3469_CR24","first-page":"314","volume":"69","author":"N Forouhi","year":"1987","unstructured":"Forouhi N, McLachlan S, Middleton S, Atherton M, Baylis P, Clark F, et al. T cell regulation of thyroglobulin autoantibody IgG subclasses in Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis. Clin Exp Immunol. 1987;69(2):314\u201322.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3469_CR25","first-page":"345","volume":"50","author":"Y Liu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liu Y, Li J. Preferentially immunoglobulin (IgG) subclasses production in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome patients. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2011;50(2):345\u20139.","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"3469_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1159\/000319873","volume":"77","author":"M Kojima","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kojima M, Hirokawa M, Kuma H, Nishihara E, Masawa N, Nakamura N, et al. Distribution of IgG4- and\/or IgG-positive plasma cells in Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis: an immunohistochemical study. Pathobiol J ImmunoPathol Mol Cell Biol. 2010;77(5):267\u201372.","journal-title":"Pathobiol J ImmunoPathol Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"9","key":"3469_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.2009.02419.x","volume":"59","author":"Y Li","year":"2009","unstructured":"Li Y, Bai Y, Liu Z, Ozaki T, Taniguchi E, Mori I, et al. Immunohistochemistry of IgG4 can help subclassify Hashimoto\u2019s autoimmune thyroiditis. Pathol Int. 2009;59(9):636\u201341.","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"3469_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2012.68","volume":"25","author":"Y Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li Y, Zhou G, Ozaki T, Nishihara E, Matsuzuka F, Bai Y, et al. Distinct histopathological features of Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis with respect to IgG4-related disease. Mod Pathology: Official J United States Can Acad Pathol Inc. 2012;25(8):1086\u201397.","journal-title":"Mod Pathology: Official J United States Can Acad Pathol Inc"},{"key":"3469_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manuel R-C, Pilar B-Z, Roser S, Mar\u00eda-Teresa C, Arnau C, Bernardo S et al. Systemic involvement in primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome evaluated by the EULAR-SS disease activity index: analysis of 921 Spanish patients (GEAS-SS Registry). Rheumatology (Oxford). 2013;53(2).","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket349"},{"issue":"1","key":"3469_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh407","volume":"44","author":"M Ramos-Casals","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ramos-Casals M, Brito-Zer\u00f3n P, Yag\u00fce J, Akasbi M, Bautista R, Ruano M, et al. Hypocomplementaemia as an immunological marker of morbidity and mortality in patients with primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2005;44(1):89\u201394.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"3","key":"3469_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10221","volume":"46","author":"J Ioannidis","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ioannidis J, Vassiliou V, Moutsopoulos H. Long-term risk of mortality and lymphoproliferative disease and predictive classification of primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum. 2002;46(3):741\u20137.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"}],"container-title":["Arthritis Research &amp; Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13075-024-03469-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13075-024-03469-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13075-024-03469-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T07:03:51Z","timestamp":1735801431000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/arthritis-research.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13075-024-03469-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3469"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13075-024-03469-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-6362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-6362","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (No.II2023-254-02). Because of the retrospective nature of the study, the requirement for informed consent was waived.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1"}}