{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:39:35Z","timestamp":1792096775305,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":243,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747440000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018696","name":"HORIZON EUROPE Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101095084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101095084"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018696","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018696","name":"HORIZON EUROPE Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101095084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101095084"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018696","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"TU Wien"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Res Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent and disabling condition lacking curative treatments, with only symptomatic relief available. Recognizing OA as a heterogenous disorder with diverse aetiologies and molecular foundations underscores the need to classify patients by both phenotypes and molecular pathomechanisms (endotypes). Such stratification could enable the development of targeted therapies to surmount existing treatment barriers. From a scientific, economic, and ethical perspective, it is crucial to employ animal models that accurately represent the endotype of the target patient population, not merely their clinical symptoms. These models must also account for intrinsic and extrinsic factors, like age, sex, metabolic status, and comorbidities, which impact OA's pathogenesis and its clinical and molecular variability and can profoundly influence not only structural and symptomatic disease severity and progression but also the underlying molecular pathophysiology. The molecular definition of the OA subpopulation must also be reflected in the read-outs, as the traditional methods\u2014macroscopic and histological scoring, along with limited gene expression profiling of established biomarkers for cartilage degradation, extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover, and synovial inflammation\u2014are inadequate for discovering new, phenotype- and endotype-specific biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Thus, animal model characterisation should evolve to include both clinically and pathophysiologically pertinent measures of disease progression and response to treatment. This review evaluates the utility and accuracy of current animal models in OA research, focusing on their capacity to replicate the disease\u2019s pathophysiological processes.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:bold>\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-025-03561-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T10:34:16Z","timestamp":1747478056000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Beyond symptomatic alignment: evaluating the integration of causal mechanisms in matching animal models with human pathotypes in osteoarthritis research"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Eva","family":"Reihs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iris","family":"Gerner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinhard","family":"Windhager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Toegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Zaucke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Rothbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florien","family":"Jenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"3561_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocarto.2021.100144","volume":"3","author":"A Mobasheri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mobasheri A, Kapoor M, Ali SA, Lang A, Madry H. The future of deep phenotyping in osteoarthritis: How can high throughput omics technologies advance our understanding of the cellular and molecular taxonomy of the disease? Osteoarthr Cartil Open. 2021;3: 100144.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil Open"},{"key":"3561_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket346","volume":"53","author":"E Thomas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thomas E, Peat G, Croft P. Defining and mapping the person with osteoarthritis for population studies and public health. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2014;53:338.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"3561_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.1210.BJR-2023-0237","volume":"12","author":"NS Makaram","year":"2023","unstructured":"Makaram NS, Simpson AHRW. Disease-modifying agents in osteoarthritis: where are we now and what does the future hold? Bone Joint Res. 2023;12:654.","journal-title":"Bone Joint Res"},{"key":"3561_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yuan C, Pan Z, Zhao K, Li J, Sheng Z, Yao X, et al. Classification of four distinct osteoarthritis subtypes with a knee joint tissue transcriptome atlas. Bone Res. 2020;8:38.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-020-00109-x"},{"key":"3561_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steinberg J, Ritchie GRS, Roumeliotis TI, Jayasuriya RL, Clark MJ, Brooks RA, et al. Integrative epigenomics, transcriptomics and proteomics of patient chondrocytes reveal genes and pathways involved in osteoarthritis. Sci Rep. 2017;7:8935.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-09335-6"},{"key":"3561_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000853","volume":"34","author":"G Katsoula","year":"2022","unstructured":"Katsoula G, Kreitmaier P, Zeggini E. Insights into the molecular landscape of osteoarthritis in human tissues. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2022;34:79\u201390.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"3561_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-219760","volume":"80","author":"J Steinberg","year":"2021","unstructured":"Steinberg J, Southam L, Fontalis A, Clark MJ, Jayasuriya RL, Swift D, et al. Linking chondrocyte and synovial transcriptional profile to clinical phenotype in osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80:1070\u20134.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"3561_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa693","volume":"60","author":"S Werdyani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Werdyani S, Liu M, Zhang H, Sun G, Furey A, Randell EW, et al. Endotypes of primary osteoarthritis identified by plasma metabolomics analysis. Rheumatology. 2021;60:2735\u201344.","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"3561_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.07.038","volume":"184","author":"CG Boer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Boer CG, Hatzikotoulas K, Southam L, Stef\u00e1nsd\u00f3ttir L, Zhang Y, de Coutinho Almeida R, et al. Deciphering osteoarthritis genetics across 826,690 individuals from 9 populations. Cell. 2021;184:4784\u20134818.e17.","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"3561_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-212603","volume":"77","author":"J Soul","year":"2018","unstructured":"Soul J, Dunn SL, Anand S, Serracino-Inglott F, Schwartz JM, Boot-Handford RP, et al. Stratification of knee osteoarthritis: two major patient subgroups identified by genome-wide expression analysis of articular cartilage. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018;77:423\u201330.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"3561_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lv Z, Yang YX, Li J, Fei Y, Guo H, Sun Z, et al. Molecular Classification of Knee Osteoarthritis. Front cell Dev Biol. 2021;9:725568.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.725568"},{"key":"3561_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2021.03.024","volume":"30","author":"S Zaki","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zaki S, Blaker CL, Little CB. OA foundations - experimental models of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2022;30:357\u201380.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-024-01126-4","volume":"20","author":"A Mobasheri","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mobasheri A, Loeser R. Clinical phenotypes, molecular endotypes and theratypes in OA therapeutic development. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2024;20:525\u20136.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol."},{"key":"3561_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000567","volume":"31","author":"A Mobasheri","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mobasheri A, Van Spil WE, Budd E, Uzieliene I, Bernotiene E, Bay-Jensen AC, et al. Molecular taxonomy of osteoarthritis for patient stratification, disease management and drug development: biochemical markers associated with emerging clinical phenotypes and molecular endotypes. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2019;31:80\u20139.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"3561_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2021.11.001","volume":"30","author":"Y Henrotin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Henrotin Y. Osteoarthritis in year 2021: biochemical markers. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2022;30:237\u201348.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2021-221763","volume":"81","author":"F Angelini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Angelini F, Widera P, Mobasheri A, Blair J, Struglics A, Uebelhoer M, et al. Osteoarthritis endotype discovery via clustering of biochemical marker data. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81:666\u201375.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"3561_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2013.10.018","volume":"22","author":"MA Karsdal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Karsdal MA, Christiansen C, Ladel C, Henriksen K, Kraus VB, Bay-Jensen AC. Osteoarthritis - a case for personalized health care? Osteoarthr Cartil. 2014;22:7\u201316.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bierma-Zeinstra SMA, Verhagen AP. Osteoarthritis subpopulations and implications for clinical trial design. Arthritis Res Ther. 2011;13:213.","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3299"},{"key":"3561_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2021.03.024","volume":"30","author":"S Zaki","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zaki S, Blaker CL, Little CB. OA foundations \u2013 experimental models of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2022;30:357\u201380.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frangogiannis NG. Why animal model studies are lost in translation. J Cardiovasc Aging 2022;2:22. https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.20517\/jca.2022.10.","DOI":"10.20517\/jca.2022.10"},{"key":"3561_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.30802\/AALAS-CM-21-000043","volume":"72","author":"S Drevet","year":"2022","unstructured":"Drevet S, Favier B, Brun E, Gavazzi G, Lardy B. Mouse Models of Osteoarthritis: A Summary of Models and Outcomes Assessment. Comp Med. 2022;72:3\u201313.","journal-title":"Comp Med"},{"key":"3561_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malfait AM, Little CB. On the predictive utility of animal models of osteoarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2015;17:225.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-015-0747-6"},{"key":"3561_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brown TD, Johnston RC, Saltzman CL, Marsh JL, Buckwalter JA. Posttraumatic osteoarthritis: a first estimate of incidence, prevalence, and burden of disease. J Orthop Trauma. 2006;20:739\u201344.","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bot.0000246468.80635.ef"},{"key":"3561_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2013.72","volume":"9","author":"CB Little","year":"2013","unstructured":"Little CB, Hunter DJ. Post-traumatic osteoarthritis: from mouse models to clinical trials. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2013;9:485\u201397.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"3561_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mobasheri A, Saarakkala S, Finnil\u00e4 M, et al. Recent advances in understanding the phenotypes of osteoarthritis [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]. F1000Res. 2019;8(F1000 Faculty Rev):2091. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.20575.1.","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.20575.1"},{"key":"3561_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.12.016","volume":"25","author":"A Mobasheri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mobasheri A, Bay-Jensen AC, van Spil WE, Larkin J, Levesque MC. Osteoarthritis Year in Review 2016: biomarkers (biochemical markers). Osteoarthr Cartil. 2017;25:199\u2013208.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2017.50","volume":"13","author":"A Mobasheri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mobasheri A, Rayman MP, Gualillo O, Sellam J, Van Der Kraan P, Fearon U. The role of metabolism in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2017;13:302\u201311.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"3561_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2010.05.009","volume":"10","author":"A Wendler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wendler A, Wehling M. The translatability of animal models for clinical development: biomarkers and disease models. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2010;10:601\u20136.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"3561_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.118.BJR-2022-0217.R1","volume":"11","author":"CB Little","year":"2022","unstructured":"Little CB, Zaki S, Blaker CL, Clarke EC. Animal models of osteoarthritis\u202f: the benefits and costs of reducing variability. Bone Joint Res. 2022;11:514\u20137.","journal-title":"Bone Joint Res"},{"key":"3561_CR30","first-page":"201","volume":"110","author":"M Medicine","year":"2013","unstructured":"Medicine M, Aaron Ericsson by C, Crim MJ, Franklin CL, Ericsson AC. A Brief History of Animal Modeling. Mo Med. 2013;110:201.","journal-title":"Mo Med."},{"key":"3561_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23343","volume":"35","author":"CL Blaker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Blaker CL, Clarke EC, Little CB. Using mouse models to investigate the pathophysiology, treatment, and prevention of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. J Orthop Res. 2017;35:424\u201339.","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"3561_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.01.017","volume":"20","author":"CB Little","year":"2012","unstructured":"Little CB, Zaki S. What constitutes an \u201canimal model of osteoarthritis\u201d - the need for consensus? Osteoarthr Cartil. 2012;20:261\u20137.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.08.007","volume":"25","author":"M Hummel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hummel M, Whiteside GT. Measuring and realizing the translational significance of preclinical in vivo studies of painful osteoarthritis. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2017;25:376\u201384.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leenaars CHC, Kouwenaar C, Stafleu FR, Bleich A, Ritskes-Hoitinga M, De Vries RBM, et al. Animal to human translation: a systematic scoping review of reported concordance rates. J Transl Med. 2019;17:223.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-019-1976-2"},{"key":"3561_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2013.08.006","volume":"87","author":"P McGonigle","year":"2014","unstructured":"McGonigle P, Ruggeri B. Animal models of human disease: challenges in enabling translation. Biochem Pharmacol. 2014;87:162\u201371.","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"3561_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/s13770-021-00397-2","volume":"19","author":"GIL Im","year":"2022","unstructured":"Im GIL, Moon JY. Emerging Concepts of Endotypes Phenotypes in Regenerative Medicine for Osteoarthritis. Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2022;19:321\u20134.","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Regen Med."},{"key":"3561_CR37","first-page":"2455","volume":"10","author":"P Pound","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pound P. Are Animal Models Needed to Discover, Develop and Test Pharmaceutical Drugs for Humans in the 21st Century? Anim. 2020;10:2455.","journal-title":"Anim."},{"key":"3561_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2004.04.003","volume":"12","author":"M Tuncel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tuncel M, Halici M, Canoz O, Yildirim Turk C, Oner M, Ozturk F, et al. Role of insulin like growth factor-I in repair response in immature cartilage. Knee. 2005;12:113\u20139.","journal-title":"Knee"},{"key":"3561_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2004.07.009","volume":"14","author":"SC Mastbergen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mastbergen SC, Marijnissen AC, Vianen ME, van Roermund PM, Bijlsma JW, Lafeber FP. The canine \u201cgroove\u201d model of osteoarthritis is more than simply the expression of surgically applied damage. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2006;14:39\u201346.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27765","volume":"63","author":"B Poulet","year":"2011","unstructured":"Poulet B, Hamilton RW, Shefelbine S, Pitsillides AA. Characterizing a novel and adjustable noninvasive murine joint loading model. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63:137\u201347.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3561_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2005.07.022","volume":"37","author":"RL De Souza","year":"2005","unstructured":"De Souza RL, Matsuura M, Eckstein F, Rawlinson SCF, Lanyon LE, Pitsillides AA. Non-invasive axial loading of mouse tibiae increases cortical bone formation and modifies trabecular organization: A new model to study cortical and cancellous compartments in a single loaded element. Bone. 2005;37:810\u20138.","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"3561_CR42","first-page":"514","volume":"17","author":"AC Ogbonna","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ogbonna AC, Clark AK, Gentry C, Hobbs C, Malcangio M. Pain-like behaviour and spinal changes in the monosodium iodoacetate model of osteoarthritis in C57Bl\/6 mice. Eur J Pain (United Kingdom). 2013;17:514\u201326.","journal-title":"Eur J Pain (United Kingdom)"},{"key":"3561_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2880","volume":"24","author":"M Hadipour-Jahromy","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hadipour-Jahromy M, Mozaffari-Kermani R. Chondroprotective Effects of Pomegranate Juice on Monoiodoacetate-induced Osteoarthritis of the Knee Joint of Mice. Phyther Res. 2010;24:182\u20135.","journal-title":"Phyther Res"},{"key":"3561_CR44","first-page":"19","volume":"71","author":"PM Van Der Kraan","year":"1990","unstructured":"Van Der Kraan PM, Vitters EL, Van Beuningen HM, Van De Putte LBA, Van Den Berg WB. Degenerative knee joint lesions in mice after a single intra-articular collagenase injection. A new model of osteoarthritis. J Exp Pathol. 1990;71:19\u201331.","journal-title":"J Exp Pathol."},{"key":"3561_CR45","first-page":"1227","volume":"23","author":"GJVM Van Osch","year":"1996","unstructured":"Van Osch GJVM, Van Der Kraan PM, Blankevoort L, Huiskes R, Van Den Berg WB. Relation of ligament damage with site specific cartilage loss and osteophyte formation in collagenase induced osteoarthritis in mice. J Rheumatol. 1996;23:1227\u201332.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"3561_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2009.01.011","volume":"17","author":"S Panicker","year":"2009","unstructured":"Panicker S, Borgia J, Fhied C, Mikecz K, Oegema TR. Oral glucosamine modulates the response of the liver and lymphocytes of the mesenteric lymph nodes in a papain-induced model of joint damage and repair. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2009;17:1014\u201321.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2009.08.006","volume":"24","author":"A Shane Anderson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shane Anderson A, Loeser RF. Why is Osteoarthritis an Age-Related Disease? Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2010;24:15.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"3561_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400917","volume":"40","author":"C Guingamp","year":"1997","unstructured":"Guingamp C, Gegout-Pottie P, Philippe L, Terlain B, Netter P, Gillet P. Mono-iodoacetate-induced experimental osteoarthritis: A dose-response study of loss of mobility, morphology, and biochemistry. Arthritis Rheum. 1997;40:1670\u20139.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3561_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-561-9_18","volume":"851","author":"CL Marker","year":"2012","unstructured":"Marker CL, Pomonis JD. The Monosodium Iodoacetate Model of Osteoarthritis. Pain Res. 2012;851:239\u201348.","journal-title":"Pain Res"},{"key":"3561_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230390241800","volume":"31","author":"RE Guzman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Guzman RE, Evans MG, Bove S, Morenko B, Kilgore K. Mono-Iodoacetate-Induced Histologic Changes in Subchondral Bone and Articular Cartilage of Rat Femorotibial Joints: AN Animal Model of Osteoarthritis. Toxicol Pathol. 2003;31:619\u201324.","journal-title":"Toxicol Pathol"},{"key":"3561_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3146","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.916254","volume":"25","author":"X Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu X, Li X, Liang Y, Ou Y, Huang J, Xiong J, et al. Estrogen Modulates Cartilage and Subchondral Bone Remodeling in an Ovariectomized Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoarthritis. Med Sci Monit. 2019;25:3146\u201353.","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"3561_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2010.03.014","volume":"18","author":"S Clockaerts","year":"2010","unstructured":"Clockaerts S, Bastiaansen-Jenniskens YM, Runhaar J, Van Osch GJVM, Van Offel JF, Verhaar JAN, et al. The infrapatellar fat pad should be considered as an active osteoarthritic joint tissue: a narrative review. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2010;18:876\u201382.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2791","volume":"11","author":"JA Roman-Blas","year":"2009","unstructured":"Roman-Blas JA, Casta\u00f1eda S, Largo R, Herrero-Beaumont G. Osteoarthritis associated with estrogen deficiency. Arthritis Res Ther. 2009;11:1\u201314.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"3561_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.620920","volume":"12","author":"E Bertoldo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bertoldo E, Adami G, Rossini M, Giollo A, Orsolini G, Viapiana O, et al. The Emerging Roles of Endocrine Hormones in Different Arthritic Disorders. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021;12:510.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"3561_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12173","volume":"15","author":"H Bliddal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bliddal H, Leeds AR, Christensen R. Osteoarthritis, obesity and weight loss: evidence, hypotheses and horizons \u2013 a scoping review. Obes Rev. 2014;15:578.","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"3561_CR56","first-page":"66","volume":"24","author":"L Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen L, Zheng JJY, Li G, Yuan J, Ebert JR, Li H, et al. Pathogenesis and clinical management of obesity-related knee osteoarthritis: Impact of mechanical loading. J Orthop Transl. 2020;24:66\u201375.","journal-title":"J Orthop Transl"},{"key":"3561_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985815588611","volume":"52","author":"AM McCoy","year":"2015","unstructured":"McCoy AM. Animal Models of Osteoarthritis: Comparisons and Key Considerations. Vet Pathol. 2015;52:803\u201318.","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"3561_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2732","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30451","volume":"63","author":"JH Ryu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ryu JH, Yang S, Shin Y, Rhee J, Chun CH, Chun JS. Interleukin-6 plays an essential role in hypoxia-inducible factor 2\u03b1-induced experimental osteoarthritic cartilage destruction in mice. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63:2732\u201343.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3561_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2174\/157339708785133523","volume":"4","author":"C Little","year":"2008","unstructured":"Little CB, Smith MM. Animal Models of Osteoarthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rev. 2008;4:175\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/157339708785133523.","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rev."},{"key":"3561_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ynpai.2019.100036","volume":"6","author":"K \u00c4ngeby M\u00f6ller","year":"2019","unstructured":"\u00c4ngeby M\u00f6ller K, Klein S, Seeliger F, Finn A, Stenfors C, Svensson CI. Monosodium iodoacetate-induced monoarthritis develops differently in knee versus ankle joint in rats. Neurobiol Pain. 2019;6: 100036.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Pain"},{"key":"3561_CR61","unstructured":"Mastbergen S, Lafeber F, Osteoarthritis. Animal Models of Osteoarthritis\u2014Why Choose a Larger Model? US Musculoskelet Rev. 2009;4."},{"key":"3561_CR62","first-page":"346","volume":"61","author":"S Kyostio-Moore","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kyostio-Moore S, Nambiar B, Hutto E, Ewing PJ, Piraino S, Berthelette P, et al. STR\/ort mice, a model for spontaneous osteoarthritis, exhibit elevated levels of both local and systemic inflammatory markers. Comp Med. 2011;61:346\u201355.","journal-title":"Comp Med"},{"key":"3561_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2012.12.012","volume":"319","author":"J Pasold","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pasold J, Osterberg A, Peters K, Taipaleenm\u00e4ki H, S\u00e4\u00e4m\u00e4nen AM, Vollmar B, et al. Reduced expression of Sfrp1 during chondrogenesis and in articular chondrocytes correlates with osteoarthritis in STR\/ort mice. Exp Cell Res. 2013;319:649\u201359.","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"3561_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2007.09.004","volume":"16","author":"K Jaeger","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jaeger K, Selent C, Jaehme W, Mahr S, Goebel U, Ibrahim S, et al. The genetics of osteoarthritis in STR\/ort mice. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2008;16:607\u201314.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780340916","volume":"34","author":"AM Bendele","year":"1991","unstructured":"Bendele AM, Hulman JF. Effects of Body Weight Restriction on the Development and Progression of Spontaneous Osteoarthritis in Guinea Pigs. Arthritis Rheum. 1991;34:1180\u20134.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3561_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/laban0112-20","volume":"41","author":"B Arzi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Arzi B, Wisner ER, Huey DJ, Kass PH, Hu J, Athanasiou KA. A proposed model of naturally occurring osteoarthritis in the domestic rabbit. Lab Anim (NY). 2012;41:20\u20135.","journal-title":"Lab Anim (NY)"},{"key":"3561_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bland SD. Canine osteoarthritis and treatments: a review. Vet Sci Dev. 2015;5(2).\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/vsd.2015.5931.","DOI":"10.4081\/vsd.2015.5931"},{"key":"3561_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.111.2000132","volume":"1","author":"CW McIlwraith","year":"2012","unstructured":"McIlwraith CW, Frisbie DD, Kawcak CE. The horse as a model of naturally occurring osteoarthritis. Bone Joint Res. 2012;1:297\u2013309.","journal-title":"Bone Joint Res"},{"key":"3561_CR69","unstructured":"Ross M, Dyson S. Diagnosis and Management of Lameness in the Horse: Second Edition. 2010."},{"key":"3561_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-019-2452-0","volume":"20","author":"MA Macfadyen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Macfadyen MA, Daniel Z, Kelly S, Parr T, Brameld JM, Murton AJ, et al. The commercial pig as a model of spontaneously-occurring osteoarthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2019;20:1\u201312.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"3561_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.12115","volume":"223","author":"EJ Hargrave-Thomas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hargrave-Thomas EJ, Thambyah A, Mcglashan SR, Broom ND. The bovine patella as a model of early osteoarthritis. J Anat. 2013;223:651\u201364.","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"issue":"SUPPL. 3","key":"3561_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2010.04.017","volume":"18","author":"JL Cook","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cook JL, Kuroki K, Visco D, Pelletier JP, Schulz L, Lafeber FPJG. The OARSI histopathology initiative - recommendations for histological assessments of osteoarthritis in the dog. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2010;18(SUPPL. 3):S66\u201379.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.09.007","volume":"153","author":"CB Knights","year":"2012","unstructured":"Knights CB, Gentry C, Bevan S. Partial medial meniscectomy produces osteoarthritis pain-related behaviour in female C57BL\/6 mice. Pain. 2012;153:281\u201392.","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"3561_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2007.03.006","volume":"15","author":"SS Glasson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Glasson SS, Blanchet TJ, Morris EA. The surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model of osteoarthritis in the 129\/SvEv mouse. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2007;15:1061\u20139.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"issue":"6","key":"3561_CR75","first-page":"1","volume":"2016","author":"J Mak","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mak J, Jablonski CL, Leonard CA, Dunn JF, Raharjo E, Matyas JR, et al. Intra-articular injection of synovial mesenchymal stem cells improves cartilage repair in a mouse injury model. Sci Rep. October 2015;2016(6):1\u201312.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3561_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tec.2014.0440","volume":"21","author":"M Matsuoka","year":"2015","unstructured":"Matsuoka M, Onodera T, Sasazawa F, Momma D, Baba R, Hontani K, et al. An Articular Cartilage Repair Model in Common C57Bl\/6 Mice. Tissue Eng - Part C Methods. 2015;21:767\u201372.","journal-title":"Tissue Eng - Part C Methods"},{"key":"3561_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bridgette D. Furman, Jens Strand, W. Chad Hembree, Benjamin D. Ward, Farshid Guilak SAO. Joint Degeneration following Closed Intraarticular Fracturein the Mouse Knee: A Model of Posttraumatic Arthritis. J Orthop Res Sept. 2007; May. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jor.20331.","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20331"},{"key":"3561_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.04.014","volume":"20","author":"BA Christiansen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Christiansen BA, Anderson MJ, Lee CA, Williams JC, Yik JHN, Haudenschild DR. Musculoskeletal changes following non-invasive knee injury using a novel mouse model of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2012;20:773\u201382.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2005.08.007","volume":"38","author":"T Hayami","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hayami T, Pickarski M, Zhuo Y, Wesolowski GA, Rodan GA, Duong LT. Characterization of articular cartilage and subchondral bone changes in the rat anterior cruciate ligament transection and meniscectomized models of osteoarthritis. Bone. 2006;38:234\u201343.","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"3561_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20124","volume":"50","author":"T Hayami","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hayami T, Pickarski M, Wesolowski GA, McLane J, Bone A, Destefano J, et al. The Role of Subchondral Bone Remodeling in Osteoarthritis: Reduction of Cartilage Degeneration and Prevention of Osteophyte Formation by Alendronate in the Rat Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection Model. Arthritis Rheum. 2004;50:1193\u2013206.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3561_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.05.009","volume":"22","author":"H Iijima","year":"2014","unstructured":"Iijima H, Aoyama T, Ito A, Tajino J, Nagai M, Zhang X, et al. Destabilization of the medial meniscus leads to subchondral bone defects and site-specific cartilage degeneration in an experimental rat model. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2014;22:1036\u201343.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24629","volume":"60","author":"VM Baragi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Baragi VM, Becher G, Bendele AM, Biesinger R, Bluhm H, Boer J, et al. A new class of potent matrix metalloproteinase 13 inhibitors for potential treatment of osteoarthritis: Evidence of histologic and clinical efficacy without musculoskeletal toxicity in rat models. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;60:2008\u201318.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3561_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2006.05.001","volume":"14","author":"SE Bove","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bove SE, Laemont KD, Brooker RM, Osborn MN, Sanchez BM, Guzman RE, et al. Surgically induced osteoarthritis in the rat results in the development of both osteoarthritis-like joint pain and secondary hyperalgesia. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2006;14:1041\u20138.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.08.004","volume":"112","author":"J Fernihough","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fernihough J, Gentry C, Malcangio M, Fox A, Rediske J, Pellas T, et al. Pain related behaviour in two models of osteoarthritis in the rat knee. Pain. 2004;112:83\u201393.","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"3561_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10759","volume":"48","author":"K Gelse","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gelse K, Von der Mark K, Aigner T, Park J, Schneider H. Articular cartilage repair by gene therapy using growth factor-producing mesenchymal cells. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;48:430\u201341.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3561_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21632","volume":"54","author":"R Kuroda","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kuroda R, Usas A, Kubo S, Corsi K, Peng H, Rose T, et al. Cartilage repair using bone morphogenetic protein 4 and muscle-derived stem cells. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54:433\u201342.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3561_CR87","first-page":"62","volume":"04","author":"HR Rodrigues-Neto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rodrigues-Neto HR, Andrade-Junior EF, Feitosa-Junior DJS, Valente AL, Xavier TC, Alho do BCN, et al. Comparison of Three Experimental Models for Rat Osteoarthritis Induction. J Biosci Med. 2016;04:62\u20139.","journal-title":"J Biosci Med."},{"key":"3561_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/S0344-0338(00)80105-3","volume":"196","author":"KA Abbud Lozoya","year":"2000","unstructured":"Abbud Lozoya KA, Kouri Flores JB. A novel rat osteoarthrosis model to assess apoptosis and matrix degradation. Pathol Res Pract. 2000;196:729\u201345.","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"key":"3561_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515621285","volume":"44","author":"G Du","year":"2016","unstructured":"Du G, Zhan H, Ding D, Wang S, Wei X, Wei F, et al. Abnormal Mechanical Loading Induces Cartilage Degeneration by Accelerating Meniscus Hypertrophy and Mineralization after ACL Injuries in Vivo. Am J Sports Med. 2016;44:652\u201363.","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3561_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2008.06.017","volume":"17","author":"M Bouchgua","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bouchgua M, Alexander K, Andr\u00e9 d\u2019Anjou M, Girard CA, Carmel EN, Beauchamp G, et al. Use of routine clinical multimodality imaging in a rabbit model of osteoarthritis - part I. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2009;17:188\u201396.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2015.02.022","volume":"23","author":"A Levillain","year":"2015","unstructured":"Levillain A, Boulocher C, Kaderli S, Viguier E, Hannouche D, Hoc T, et al. Meniscal biomechanical alterations in an ACLT rabbit model of early osteoarthritis. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2015;23:1186\u201393.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-017-0678-z","volume":"8","author":"J Zellner","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zellner J, Pattappa G, Koch M, Lang S, Weber J, Pfeifer CG, et al. Autologous mesenchymal stem cells or meniscal cells: What is the best cell source for regenerative meniscus treatment in an early osteoarthritis situation? Stem Cell Res Ther. 2017;8:1\u201312.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"3561_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2014.10.011","volume":"22","author":"M Atarod","year":"2015","unstructured":"Atarod M, Frank CB, Shrive NG. Increased meniscal loading after anterior cruciate ligament transection in vivo: A longitudinal study in sheep. Knee. 2015;22:11\u20137.","journal-title":"Knee"},{"key":"3561_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199003000-00015","volume":"252","author":"P Ghosh","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ghosh P, Sutherland J, Bellenger C, Read R, Darvodelsky A. The influence of weight-bearing exercise on articular cartilage of meniscectomized joints. An experimental study in sheep. Clinical orthopaedics and related research. 1990;252:101\u201313.","journal-title":"Clinical orthopaedics and related research"},{"key":"3561_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S1063-4584(05)80023-8","volume":"1","author":"SJ Armstrong","year":"1993","unstructured":"Armstrong SJ, Read RA, Ghosh P, Wilson DM. Moderate exercise exacerbates the osteoarthritic lesions produced in cartilage by meniscectomy: a morphological study. Osteoarthr Cartil. 1993;1:89\u201396.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21395","volume":"29","author":"JE Beveridge","year":"2011","unstructured":"Beveridge JE, Shrive NG, Frank CB. Meniscectomy causes significant in vivo kinematic changes and mechanically induced focal chondral lesions in a sheep model. J Orthop Res. 2011;29:1397\u2013405.","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"3561_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.10.001","volume":"21","author":"MA Cake","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cake MA, Read RA, Corfield G, Daniel A, Burkhardt D, Smith MM, et al. Comparison of gait and pathology outcomes of three meniscal procedures for induction of knee osteoarthritis in sheep. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2013;21:226\u201336.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2001.19966","volume":"17","author":"SG Pearce","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pearce SG, Hurtig MB, Clarnette R, Kalra M, Cowan B, Miniaci A. An investigation of 2 techniques for optimizing joint surface congruency using multiple cylindrical osteochondral autografts. Arthroscopy. 2001;17:50\u20135.","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"3561_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505279914","volume":"34","author":"RT Burks","year":"2006","unstructured":"Burks RT, Greis PE, Arnoczky SP, Scher C. The use of a single osteochondral autograft plug in the treatment of a large osteochondral lesion in the femoral condyle: An experimental study in sheep. Am J Sports Med. 2006;34:247\u201355.","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3561_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karakilic B, Taskiran E, Doganavsargil B, Uzun B, Celik S, Kaya Bicer E. Central defect type partial ACL injury model on goat knees: The effect of infrapatellar fat pad excision. J Orthop Surg Res. 2015;10:137.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-015-0281-x"},{"key":"3561_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3464","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11365","volume":"48","author":"JM Murphy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Murphy JM, Fink DJ, Hunziker EB, Barry FP. Stem Cell Therapy in a Caprine Model of Osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;48:3464\u201374.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3561_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1984","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.K.00439","volume":"94","author":"AL Pallante","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pallante AL, G\u00f6rtz S, Chen AC, Healey RM, Chase DC, Ball ST, et al. Treatment of articular cartilage defects in the goat with frozen versus fresh osteochondral allografts: Effects on cartilage stiffness, zonal composition, and structure at six months. J Bone Jt Surg - Ser A. 2012;94:1984\u201395.","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg - Ser A"},{"key":"3561_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1446","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1992.53.08.1446","volume":"53","author":"RS Shoemaker","year":"1992","unstructured":"Shoemaker RS, Bertone AL, Martin GS, McIlwraith CW, Roberts ED, Pechman R, et al. Effects of intra-articular administration of methylprednisolone acetate on normal articular cartilage and on healing of experimentally induced osteochondral defects in horses. Am J Vet Res. 1992;53:1446\u201353.","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"3561_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2018.00288","volume":"5","author":"HL Reesink","year":"2018","unstructured":"Reesink HL, Nixon AJ, Su J, Liu S, Sutton RM, Mann S, et al. Galectins-1 and-3 increase in equine post-traumatic osteoarthritis. Front Vet Sci. 2018;5:1\u201311.","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci."},{"key":"3561_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0115089","volume":"10","author":"U Maninchedda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Maninchedda U, Lepage OM, Gangl M, Hilairet S, Remandet B, Meot F, et al. Development of an equine groove model to induce metacarpophalangeal osteoarthritis: A pilot study on 6 horses. PLoS ONE. 2015;10:1\u201318.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3561_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Markus M. Wilke, Daryl V. Nydam AJN. Enhanced Early Chondrogenesis in Articular Defectsfollowing Arthroscopic Mesenchymal Stem CellImplantation in an Equine Model. J Orthop Res. 2007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jor.20382.","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20382"},{"key":"3561_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13010060","volume":"13","author":"C Salgado","year":"2021","unstructured":"Salgado C, Jordan O, All\u00e9mann E. Osteoarthritis in vitro models: Applications and implications in development of intra-articular drug delivery systems. Pharmaceutics. 2021;13:1\u201323.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"3561_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2015.07.012","volume":"211","author":"R Cruz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cruz R, Ram\u00edrez C, Rojas OI, Casas-Mej\u00eda O, Kouri JB, Vega-L\u00f3pez MA. Menisectomized miniature Vietnamese pigs develop articular cartilage pathology resembling osteoarthritis. Pathol Res Pract. 2015;211:829\u201338.","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"key":"3561_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2008.11.008","volume":"17","author":"BJ Ahern","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ahern BJ, Parvizi J, Boston R, Schaer TP. Preclinical animal models in single site cartilage defect testing: a systematic review. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2009;17:705\u201313.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orthres.2004.11.003","volume":"23","author":"H Chiang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chiang H, Kuo TF, Tsai CC, Lin MC, She BR, Huang YY, et al. Repair of porcine articular cartilage defect with autologous chondrocyte transplantation. J Orthop Res. 2005;23:584\u201393.","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"3561_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.2754\/avb200271030327","volume":"71","author":"P G\u00e1l","year":"2002","unstructured":"G\u00e1l P, Ne\u010das A, Adler J, Teyschl O, Fabi\u00e1n P, Bibrov\u00e1 \u0160. Transplantation of the Autogenous Chondrocyte Graft to Physeal Defects: An Experimental Study in Pigs. Acta Vet Brno. 2002;71:327\u201332.","journal-title":"Acta Vet Brno"},{"key":"3561_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505283257","volume":"34","author":"BD Harman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Harman BD, Weeden SH, Lichota DK, Brindley GW. Osteochondral autograft transplantation in the porcine knee. Am J Sports Med. 2006;34:913\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3561_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2006.01.041","volume":"27","author":"T Gotterbarm","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gotterbarm T, Richter W, Jung M, Berardi Vilei S, Mainil-Varlet P, Yamashita T, et al. An in vivo study of a growth-factor enhanced, cell free, two-layered collagen-tricalcium phosphate in deep osteochondral defects. Biomaterials. 2006;27:3387\u201395.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"3561_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-012-2342-6","volume":"22","author":"DC Flanigan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Flanigan DC, Harris JD, Brockmeier PM, Lathrop RL, Siston RA. The effects of defect size, orientation, and location on subchondral bone contact in oval-shaped experimental articular cartilage defects in a bovine knee model. Knee Surgery, Sport Traumatol Arthrosc. 2014;22:174\u201380.","journal-title":"Knee Surgery, Sport Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"3561_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2004.11.004","volume":"13","author":"SK Boyd","year":"2005","unstructured":"Boyd SK, M\u00fcller R, Leonard T, Herzog W. Long-term periarticular bone adaptation in a feline knee injury model for post-traumatic experimental osteoarthritis. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2005;13:235\u201342.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ogawa S, Awaga Y, Takashima M, Hama A, Matsuda A, Takamatsu H. Knee osteoarthritis pain following medial meniscectomy in the nonhuman primate. Elsevier Ltd; 2016.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.02.006"},{"key":"3561_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588702400512","volume":"24","author":"AM Bendele","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bendele AM. Progressive Chronic Osteoarthritis in Femorotibial Joints of Partial Medial Meniscectomized Guinea Pigs. Vet Pathol. 1987;24:444\u20138.","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"3561_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.22393","volume":"31","author":"M Arunakul","year":"2013","unstructured":"Arunakul M, Tochigi Y, Goetz JE, Diestelmeier BW, Heiner AD, Rudert J, et al. Replication of chronic abnormal cartilage loading by medial meniscus destabilization for modeling osteoarthritis in the rabbit knee in vivo. J Orthop Res. 2013;31:1555\u201360.","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"3561_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2011.06.007","volume":"19","author":"K Kuroki","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kuroki K, Cook CR, Cook JL. Subchondral bone changes in three different canine models of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2011;19:1142\u20139.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3117","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2015050499","volume":"27","author":"SG Szeto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Szeto SG, Narimatsu M, Lu M, He X, Sidiqi AM, Tolosa MF, et al. YAP\/TAZ Are Mechanoregulators of TGF-b-Smad Signaling and Renal Fibrogenesis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016;27:3117\u201328.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3561_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2009.00520.x","volume":"38","author":"JK Luther","year":"2009","unstructured":"Luther JK, Cook CR, Cook JL. Meniscal release in cruciate ligament intact stifles causes lameness and medial compartment cartilage pathology in dogs 12 weeks postoperatively. Vet Surg. 2009;38:520\u20139.","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"key":"3561_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1999.60.01.7","volume":"60","author":"EJ Simmons","year":"1999","unstructured":"Simmons EJ, Bertone AL, Weisbrode SE. Instability-induced osteoarthritis in the metacarpophalangeal joint of horses. Am J Vet Res. 1999;60:7\u201313.","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"3561_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1980.41.04.568","volume":"41","author":"JA Auer","year":"1980","unstructured":"Auer JA, Fackelman GE, Gingerich DA, Fetter AW. Effect of hyaluronic acid in naturally occurring and experimentally induced osteoarthritis. Am J Vet Res. 1980;41:568\u201374.","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"3561_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.67.3.433","volume":"67","author":"CJ Bolam","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bolam CJ, Hurtig MB, Cruz A, McEwen BJE. Characterization of experimentally induced post-traumatic osteoarthritis in the medial femorotibial joint of horses. Am J Vet Res. 2006;67:433\u201347.","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"3561_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3301608","volume":"9","author":"DD Frisbie","year":"2002","unstructured":"Frisbie DD, Ghivizzani SC, Robbins PD, CM CE. Treatment of experimental equine osteoarthritis by invivo delivery of the equine interleukin 1 receptorantagonist gene. Gene Ther. 2002;9:12\u201320.","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"3561_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1990.tb01213.x","volume":"19","author":"WH Crawford","year":"1990","unstructured":"Crawford WH. Intra-Articular Replacement of Bovine Cranial Cruciate Ligaments with an Autogenous Fascial Graft. Vet Surg. 1990;19:380\u20138.","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"key":"3561_CR127","first-page":"27","volume":"12","author":"JM Williams","year":"1985","unstructured":"Williams JM, Brandt KD. Benoxaprofen reduces osteophyte formation and fibrillation after articular cartilage injury. J Rheumatol. 1985;12:27\u201332.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"3561_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(83)90325-0","volume":"55","author":"S Kopp","year":"1983","unstructured":"Kopp S, Mejersj\u00f6 C, Clemensson E. Induction of osteoarthrosis in the guinea pig knee by papain. Oral Surgery, Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1983;55:259\u201366.","journal-title":"Oral Surgery, Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"3561_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.5455\/vetworld.2012.138-144","volume":"5","author":"NV Goranov","year":"2012","unstructured":"Goranov NV. Clinical changes in sodium monoiodoacetate-induced stifle osteoarthritis model in dogs. Vet World. 2012;5:138\u201344.","journal-title":"Vet World"},{"key":"3561_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frisbie DD, Kawcak CE, Werpy NM, Park RD, Mcilwraith CW. Clinical, biochemical, and histologic effects of intra-articular administration of autologous conditioned serum in horses with experimentally induced osteoarthritis. Am J Vet Res. 2007;68.","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.68.3.290"},{"key":"3561_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.68.6.598","volume":"68","author":"CE Kawcak","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kawcak CE, Frisbie DD, McIlwraith W, Werpy NM, Park RD. Evaluation of avocado and soybean unsaponifiable extracts for treatment of horses with experimentally induced osteoarthritis. Am J Vet Res. 2007;68:598\u2013604.","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"3561_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9070405","volume":"9","author":"J Uilenreef","year":"2019","unstructured":"Uilenreef J, van der Staay FJ, Meijer E. A monosodium iodoacetate osteoarthritis lameness model in growing pigs. Animals. 2019;9:1\u201319.","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"3561_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li Jiang, Anlun Ma, Lijun Song, Yanxin Hu, Hao Dun, Pierre Daloze, Yonglin Yu, Jianyuan Jiang MZ and HC. Cartilage regeneration by selected chondrogenicclonal mesenchymal stem cells in the collagenase-induced monkey osteoarthritis model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/term.1676.","DOI":"10.1002\/term.1676"},{"key":"3561_CR134","first-page":"1","volume":"11","author":"ML H\u00fclser","year":"2021","unstructured":"H\u00fclser ML, Luo Y, Frommer K, Hasseli R, K\u00f6hler K, Diller M, et al. Systemic versus local adipokine expression differs in a combined obesity and osteoarthritis mouse model. Sci Reports. 2021;11:1\u201313.","journal-title":"Sci Reports."},{"key":"3561_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2020.03.008","volume":"28","author":"K Warmink","year":"2020","unstructured":"Warmink K, Kozijn AE, Bobeldijk I, Stoop R, Weinans H, Korthagen NM. High-fat feeding primes the mouse knee joint to develop osteoarthritis and pathologic infrapatellar fat pad changes after surgically induced injury. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2020;28:593\u2013602.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4436","volume":"16","author":"S Ad\u00e3es","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ad\u00e3es S, Mendon\u00e7a M, Santos TN, Castro-Lopes JM, Ferreira-Gomes J, Neto FL. Intra-articular injection of collagenase in the knee of rats as an alternative model to study nociception associated with osteoarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2014;16:1\u201317.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"3561_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006254402163","volume":"23","author":"KD Rainsford","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rainsford KD, Skerry TM, Chindemi P, Delaney K. Effects of the NSAIDs Meloxicam and Indomethacin on Cartilage Proteoglycan Synthesis and Joint Responses to Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystals in Dogs. Vet Res Commun. 1999;23:101\u201313.","journal-title":"Vet Res Commun"},{"key":"3561_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sniekers YH, Weinans H, van Osch GJVM, van Leeuwen JPTM. Oestrogen is important for maintenance of cartilage and subchondral bone in a murine model of knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2010;12:R182.","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3148"},{"key":"3561_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2441","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22009","volume":"54","author":"S Oestergaard","year":"2006","unstructured":"Oestergaard S, Sondergaard BC, Hoegh-Andersen P, Henriksen K, Qvist P, Christiansen C, et al. Effects of ovariectomy and estrogen therapy on type II collagen degradation and structural integrity of articular cartilage in rats: Implications of the time of initiation. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54:2441\u201351.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3561_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02896170","volume":"25","author":"G Dai","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dai G, Li J, Liu X, Liu Q, Liu C. The relationship of the expression of estrogen receptor in cartilage cell and osteoarthritis induced by bilateral ovariectomy in guinea pig. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 2005;25:683\u20136.","journal-title":"J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci"},{"key":"3561_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2006.06.006","volume":"15","author":"E Calvo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Calvo E, Casta\u00f1eda S, Largo R, Fern\u00e1ndez-Valle ME, Rodr\u00edguez-Salvan\u00e9s F, Herrero-Beaumont G. Osteoporosis increases the severity of cartilage damage in an experimental model of osteoarthritis in rabbits. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2007;15:69\u201377.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2014.03.025","volume":"47","author":"TC Kreipke","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kreipke TC, Rivera NC, Garrison JG, Easley JT, Turner AS, Niebur GL. Alterations in trabecular bone microarchitecture in the ovine spine and distal femur following ovariectomy. J Biomech. 2014;47:1918\u201321.","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"3561_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100120305","volume":"12","author":"CS Carlson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Carlson CS, Loeser RF, Jayo MJ, Weaver DS, Adams MR, Jerome CP. Osteoarthritis in cynomolgus macaques: A primate model of naturally occurring disease. J Orthop Res. 1994;12:331\u20139.","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"3561_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23277","volume":"58","author":"JM Blair-Levy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Blair-Levy JM, Watts CE, Fiorientino NM, Dimitriadis EK, Marini JC, Lipsky PE. A type I collagen defect leads to rapidly progressive osteoarthritis in a mouse model. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;58:1096\u2013106.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3561_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.12.012","volume":"21","author":"PM van der Kraan","year":"2013","unstructured":"van der Kraan PM. Relevance of zebrafish as an OA research model. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2013;21:261\u20132.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200008)43:8<1742::AID-ANR10>3.0.CO;2-U","volume":"43","author":"H Salminen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Salminen H, Per\u00e4l\u00e4 M, Lorenzo P, Saxne T, Heineg\u00e5rd D, S\u00e4\u00e4m\u00e4nen AM, et al. Up-regulation of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein at the onset of articular cartilage degeneration in a transgenic mouse model of osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2000;43:1742\u20138.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3561_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5070","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.11.5070","volume":"91","author":"R F\u00e4ssler","year":"1994","unstructured":"F\u00e4ssler R, Schnegelsberg PNJ, Dausman J, Shinya T, Muragaki Y, Mccarthy MT, et al. Mice lacking \u03b11(IX) collagen develop noninflammatory degenerative joint disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994;91:5070\u20134.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"3561_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Modeling osteoarthritis genetics in zebrafish. Bonekey Rep. 2013;2:349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/bonekey.2013.83.","DOI":"10.1038\/bonekey.2013.83"},{"key":"3561_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-020-01918-1","volume":"154","author":"EA Lawrence","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lawrence EA, Hammond CL, Blain EJ. Potential of zebrafish as a model to characterise MicroRNA profiles in mechanically mediated joint degeneration. Histochem Cell Biol. 2020;154:521\u201331.","journal-title":"Histochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"3561_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/764621","volume":"2012","author":"MH Gregory","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gregory MH, Capito N, Kuroki K, Stoker AM, Cook JL, Sherman SL. A Review of Translational Animal Models for Knee Osteoarthritis. Arthritis. 2012;2012:1\u201314.","journal-title":"Arthritis"},{"key":"3561_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-1215-5_23","volume":"1194 July","author":"J Lorenz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lorenz J, Gr\u00e4ssel S. Experimental Osteoarthritis Models in Mice. Mouse Genet. 2014;1194 July:401\u201319.","journal-title":"Mouse Genet."},{"key":"3561_CR152","first-page":"363","volume":"1","author":"AM Bendele","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bendele AM. Animal models of osteoarthritis. J Musculoskel Neuron Interact. 2001;1(4):363\u201376.","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet neuronal Interact"},{"issue":"SUPPL. 3","key":"3561_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2010.05.025","volume":"18","author":"SS Glasson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Glasson SS, Chambers MG, Van Den Berg WB, Little CB. The OARSI histopathology initiative - recommendations for histological assessments of osteoarthritis in the mouse. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2010;18(SUPPL. 3):S17\u201323.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR154","first-page":"191","volume":"45","author":"G Smale","year":"1995","unstructured":"Smale G, Bendele A, Horton WE. Comparison of age-associated degeneration of articular cartilage in Wistar and Fischer 344 rats. Lab Anim Sci. 1995;45:191\u20134.","journal-title":"Lab Anim Sci"},{"issue":"SUPPL. 3","key":"3561_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2010.04.015","volume":"18","author":"VB Kraus","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kraus VB, Huebner JL, DeGroot J, Bendele A. The OARSI histopathology initiative - recommendations for histological assessments of osteoarthritis in the guinea pig. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2010;18(SUPPL. 3):S35\u201352.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.11.025","volume":"152","author":"N Schuelert","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schuelert N, Johnson MP, Oskins JL, Jassal K, Chambers MG, McDougall JJ. Local application of the endocannabinoid hydrolysis inhibitor URB597 reduces nociception in spontaneous and chemically induced models of osteoarthritis. Pain. 2011;152:975\u201381.","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"3561_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2011.01.004","volume":"19","author":"KS Santangelo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Santangelo KS, Pieczarka EM, Nuovo GJ, Weisbrode SE, Bertone AL. Temporal expression and tissue distribution of interleukin-1\u03b2 in two strains of guinea pigs with varying propensity for spontaneous knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2011;19:439\u201348.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"issue":"SUPPL. 3","key":"3561_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2010.05.029","volume":"18","author":"S Laverty","year":"2010","unstructured":"Laverty S, Girard CA, Williams JM, Hunziker EB, Pritzker KPH. The OARSI histopathology initiative - recommendations for histological assessments of osteoarthritis in the rabbit. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2010;18(SUPPL. 3):S53\u201365.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR159","unstructured":"BROAD Institute. Rabbit Genome Project."},{"key":"3561_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1297361","volume":"24","author":"BC Garner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Garner BC, Stoker AM, Kuroki K, Evans R, Cook CR, Cook JL. Using animal models in osteoarthritis biomarker research. J Knee Surg. 2011;24:251\u201364.","journal-title":"J Knee Surg"},{"key":"3561_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.164.14.418","volume":"164","author":"RO Sanderson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sanderson RO, Beata C, Flipo RM, Genevois JP, Macias C, Tacke S, et al. Systematic review of the management of canine osteoarthritis. Vet Rec. 2009;164:418\u201324.","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"3561_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-004-2486-y","volume":"15","author":"M Libicher","year":"2005","unstructured":"Libicher M, Ivancic M, Hoffmann V, Wenz W. Early changes in experimental osteoarthritis using the Pond-Nuki dog model: Technical procedure and initial results of in vivo MR imaging. Eur Radiol. 2005;15:390\u20134.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"3561_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2021.03.023","volume":"29","author":"S Zaki","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zaki S, Smith MM, Little CB. Pathology-pain relationships in different osteoarthritis animal model phenotypes: it matters what you measure, when you measure, and how you got there. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2021;29:1448\u201361.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"issue":"SUPPL. 3","key":"3561_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2010.04.016","volume":"18","author":"CB Little","year":"2010","unstructured":"Little CB, Smith MM, Cake MA, Read RA, Murphy MJ, Barry FP. The OARSI histopathology initiative - recommendations for histological assessments of osteoarthritis in sheep and goats. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2010;18(SUPPL. 3):S80\u201392.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2005.07.001","volume":"13","author":"MA Cake","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cake MA, Appleyard RC, Read RA, Smith MM, Murell GAC, Ghosh P. Ovariectomy alters the structural and biomechanical properties of ovine femoro-tibial articular cartilage and increases cartilage iNOS. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2005;13:1066\u201375.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Takroni T, Laouar L, Adesida A, Elliott JAW, Jomha NM. Anatomical study: comparing the human, sheep and pig knee meniscus. J Exp Orthop. 2016;3:35.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40634-016-0071-3"},{"issue":"SUPPL. 3","key":"3561_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2010.05.031","volume":"18","author":"CW McIlwraith","year":"2010","unstructured":"McIlwraith CW, Frisbie DD, Kawcak CE, Fuller CJ, Hurtig M, Cruz A. The OARSI histopathology initiative - recommendations for histological assessments of osteoarthritis in the horse. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2010;18(SUPPL. 3):S93\u2013105.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04338","volume":"438","author":"K Lindblad-Toh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lindblad-Toh K, Wade CM, Mikkelsen TS, Karlsson EK, Jaffe DB, Kamal M, et al. Genome sequence, comparative analysis and haplotype structure of the domestic dog. Nature. 2005;438:803\u201319.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"3561_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1773","volume":"7","author":"MPM Vierboom","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vierboom MPM, Jonker M, Bontrop RE, \u2019t Hart B. Modeling human arthritic diseases in nonhuman primates. Arthritis Res Ther. 2005;7:145.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther."},{"key":"3561_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2021.727643","volume":"9","author":"X Bi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bi X, Li T, Li M, Xiang S, Li J, Ling B, et al. A New Method to Develop the Primate Model of Knee Osteoarthritis With Focal Cartilage Defect. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2021;9:1072.","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"key":"3561_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-018-0199-z","volume":"1","author":"TS Kalbfleisch","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kalbfleisch TS, Rice ES, DePriest MS, Walenz BP, Hestand MS, Vermeesch JR, et al. Improved reference genome for the domestic horse increases assembly contiguity and composition. Commun Biol. 2018;1:1\u20138.","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"3561_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sebastian A, Murugesh DK, Mendez ME, Hum NR, Rios-Arce ND, McCool JL, Christiansen BA, Loots GG. Global Gene Expression Analysis Identifies Age-Related Differences in Knee Joint Transcriptome during the Development of Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(1):364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21010364.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21010364"},{"key":"3561_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/1414-431x20176485","volume":"50","author":"EB de Sousa","year":"2017","unstructured":"de Sousa EB, Dos Santos GC, Duarte MEL, Moura Neto V, Aguiar DP. Metabolomics as a promising tool for early osteoarthritis diagnosis. Brazilian J Med Biol Res. 2017;50:1\u20137.","journal-title":"Brazilian J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"3561_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.22743","volume":"33","author":"B Mickiewicz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mickiewicz B, Heard BJ, Chau JK, Chung M, Hart DA, Shrive NG, et al. Metabolic profiling of synovial fluid in a unilateral ovine model of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction of the knee suggests biomarkers for early osteoarthritis. J Orthop Res. 2015;33:71\u20137.","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"3561_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2018.03.117","volume":"499","author":"AK Carlson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Carlson AK, Rawle RA, Adams E, Greenwood MC, Bothner B, June RK. Application of global metabolomic profiling of synovial fluid for osteoarthritis biomarkers. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018;499:182\u20138.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"3561_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.04.007","volume":"27","author":"AK Carlson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Carlson AK, Rawle RA, Wallace CW, Brooks EG, Adams E, Greenwood MC, et al. Characterization of synovial fluid metabolomic phenotypes of cartilage morphological changes associated with osteoarthritis. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2019;27:1174\u201384.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR177","first-page":"1","volume":"15 March","author":"D Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang D, Zhang Y, Xia S, Shen P, Yang C. Metabolic profiling of synovial fluid in human temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. Front Immunol. 2024;15 March:1\u201311.","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"3561_CR178","first-page":"1","volume":"19 5 May","author":"P Tuerxun","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tuerxun P, Ng T, Zhao K, Zhu P. Integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics provides insights into the molecular mechanism of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. PLoS One. 2024;19 5 May:1\u201317.","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"3561_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2018.12.027","volume":"27","author":"AE Nelson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nelson AE, Fang F, Arbeeva L, Cleveland RJ, Schwartz TA, Callahan LF, et al. A machine learning approach to knee osteoarthritis phenotyping: data from the FNIH Biomarkers Consortium. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2019;27:994\u20131001.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocarto.2020.100069","volume":"2","author":"C Kokkotis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kokkotis C, Moustakidis S, Papageorgiou E, Giakas G, Tsaopoulos DE. Machine learning in knee osteoarthritis: A review. Osteoarthr Cartil Open. 2020;2: 100069.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil Open"},{"key":"3561_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fan X, Sun AR, Young RSE, Afara IO, Hamilton BR, Ong LJY, Crawford R, Prasadam I. Spatial analysis of the osteoarthritis microenvironment: techniques, insights, and applications. Bone Res. 2024;12(1):7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41413-023-00304-6.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-023-00304-6"},{"key":"3561_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rockel JS, Sharma D, Espin-Garcia O, Hueniken K, Sandhu A, Pastrello C, et al. Deep learning\u2013based clustering for endotyping and post-arthroplasty response classification using knee osteoarthritis multiomic data. Ann Rheum Dis. 2025;000.","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.06.13.24308857"},{"key":"3561_CR183","first-page":"1","volume":"19 11 November","author":"Y Deng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Deng Y, Perry TA, Hulley P, Maciewicz RA, Mitchelmore J, Perry D, et al. Development of methodology to support molecular endotype discovery from synovial fluid of individuals with knee osteoarthritis: The STEpUP OA consortium. PLoS One. 2024;19 11 November:1\u201324.","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"3561_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2015.01.015","volume":"23","author":"KH Collins","year":"2015","unstructured":"Collins KH, Reimer RA, Seerattan RA, Leonard TR, Herzog W. Using diet-induced obesity to understand a metabolic subtype of osteoarthritis in rats. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2015;23:957\u201365.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martel-Pelletier J, Barr AJ, Cicuttini FM, Conaghan PG, Cooper C, Goldring MB, et al. Osteoarthritis. Nat Rev Dis Prim. 2016;2:16072.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.72"},{"key":"3561_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2011.241802","volume":"11","author":"JMS Pearce","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pearce JMS. Disease, diagnosis or syndrome? Pract Neurol. 2011;11:91\u20137.","journal-title":"Pract Neurol"},{"key":"3561_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2014.12.003","volume":"80","author":"A Mobasheri","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mobasheri A, Matta C, Z\u00e1k\u00e1ny R, Musumeci G. Chondrosenescence: Definition, hallmarks and potential role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Maturitas. 2015;80:237\u201344.","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"3561_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12562","volume":"16","author":"K McCulloch","year":"2017","unstructured":"McCulloch K, Litherland GJ, Rai TS. Cellular senescence in osteoarthritis pathology. Aging Cell. 2017;16:210.","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"3561_CR189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iv34","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex417","volume":"57 suppl_4","author":"LA Deveza","year":"2018","unstructured":"Deveza LA, Loeser RF. Is osteoarthritis one disease or a collection of many? Rheumatology (Oxford). 2018;57 suppl_4:iv34\u201342.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)."},{"key":"3561_CR190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-022-01680-x","volume":"28","author":"M Keshavarz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Keshavarz M, Xie K, Schaaf K, Bano D, Ehninger D. Targeting the \u201challmarks of aging\u201d to slow aging and treat age-related disease: fact or fiction? Mol Psychiatry. 2022;28:242\u201355.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry."},{"key":"3561_CR191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-010-9175-3","volume":"33","author":"SM Botter","year":"2011","unstructured":"Botter SM, Zar M, Van Osch GJVM, Van Steeg H, Doll\u00e9 MET, Hoeijmakers JHJ, et al. Analysis of osteoarthritis in a mouse model of the progeroid human DNA repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy. Age (Dordr). 2011;33:247\u201360.","journal-title":"Age (Dordr)"},{"key":"3561_CR192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.2000.0363","volume":"9","author":"RM Mason","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mason RM, Chambers MG, Flannelly J, Gaffen JD, Dudhia J, Bayliss MT. The STR\/ort mouse and its use as a model of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2001;9:85\u201391.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S1063-4584(05)80060-3","volume":"2","author":"RG Evans","year":"1994","unstructured":"Evans RG, Collins C, Miller P, Ponsford FM, Elson CJ. Radiological scoring of osteoarthritis progression in STR\/ORT mice. Osteoarthr Cartil. 1994;2:103\u20139.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-020-00670-x","volume":"109","author":"HJ Samvelyan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Samvelyan HJ, Hughes D, Stevens C, Staines KA. Models of Osteoarthritis: Relevance and New Insights. Calcif Tissue Int. 2021;109:243\u201356.","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"3561_CR195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bapat S, Hubbard D, Munjal A, Hunter M, Fulzele S. Pros and cons of mouse models for studying osteoarthritis. Clin Transl Med. 2018;7(1):36. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40169-018-0215-4.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40169-018-0215-4"},{"key":"3561_CR196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.12.014","volume":"25","author":"KA Staines","year":"2017","unstructured":"Staines KA, Poulet B, Wentworth DN, Pitsillides AA. The STR\/ort mouse model of spontaneous osteoarthritis \u2013 an update. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2017;25:802\u20138.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12979-023-00403-2","volume":"21","author":"J Lv","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lv J, Zhang C, Liu X, Gu C, Liu Y, Gao Y, et al. An aging-related immune landscape in the hematopoietic immune system. Immun Ageing. 2024;21:1\u201320.","journal-title":"Immun Ageing"},{"key":"3561_CR198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2022.110576","volume":"118 May","author":"ED Lewis","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lewis ED, Wu D, Meydani SN. Age-associated alterations in immune function and inflammation. Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacology Biol Psychiatry. 2022;118 May:110576.","journal-title":"Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacology Biol Psychiatry."},{"key":"3561_CR199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen MF, Hu CC, Hsu YH, Chiu YT, Chen KL, Ueng SWN, et al. Characterization and Advancement of an Evaluation Method for the Treatment of Spontaneous Osteoarthritis in STR\/ort Mice: GRGDS Peptides as a Potential Treatment for Osteoarthritis. Biomedicines. 2023;11(4):1111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines11041111.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11041111"},{"key":"3561_CR200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40634-017-0109-1","volume":"4","author":"A Dhollander","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dhollander A, Malone A, Price J, Getgood A. Determination of knee cartilage volume and surface area in beagle dogs: a pilot study. J Exp Orthop. 2017;4:1\u20138.","journal-title":"J Exp Orthop"},{"key":"3561_CR201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.71.10.1118","volume":"71","author":"Y Fu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fu Y, Torres BT, Budsberg SC. Model for Canine Gait Analysis. Am J Vet Res. 2010;71:1118\u201322.","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"3561_CR202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-56847-4","volume":"10","author":"Y Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang Y, Gludish DW, Hayashi K, Todhunter RJ, Krotscheck U, Johnson PJ, et al. Synovial fluid lubricin increases in spontaneous canine cruciate ligament rupture. Sci Rep. 2020;10:1\u201310.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3561_CR203","first-page":"1","volume":"16 1 January","author":"A Yamazaki","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yamazaki A, Edamura K, Tomo Y, Seki M, Asano K. Variations in gene expression levels with severity of synovitis in dogs with naturally occurring stifle osteoarthritis. PLoS One. 2021;16 1 January:1\u201311.","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"3","key":"3561_CR204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1632990","volume":"19","author":"DD Frisbie","year":"2006","unstructured":"Frisbie DD, Cross MW, McIlwraith CW. A comparative study of articular cartilage thickness in the stifle of animal species used in human pre-clinical studies compared to articular cartilage thickness in the human knee. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2006;19(3):142\u20136.","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol."},{"key":"3561_CR205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frasca D. Several areas of overlap between obesity and aging indicate obesity as a biomarker of accelerated aging of human B cell function and antibody responses. Immun Ageing. 2022;19:48.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12979-022-00301-z"},{"key":"3561_CR206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-022-00567-7","volume":"44","author":"E Nunan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nunan E, Wright CL, Semola OA, Subramanian M, Balasubramanian P, Lovern PC, et al. Obesity as a premature aging phenotype - implications for sarcopenic obesity. GeroScience. 2022;44:1393\u2013405.","journal-title":"GeroScience"},{"key":"3561_CR207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3505","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.907750","volume":"13","author":"U Nedunchezhiyan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nedunchezhiyan U, Varughese I, Sun ARJ, Wu X, Crawford R, Prasadam I. Obesity, Inflammation, and Immune System in Osteoarthritis. Front Immunol. 2022;13:3505.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"3561_CR208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-022-05881-x","volume":"23","author":"M Andersson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Andersson M, Haglund E, Aili K, Bremander A, Bergman S. Associations between metabolic factors and radiographic knee osteoarthritis in early disease - a cross-sectional study of individuals with knee pain. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022;23:1\u201311.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"3561_CR209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen X, Liu J, Wang G, Sun Y, Ding X, Zhang X. Regulating lipid metabolism in osteoarthritis: a complex area with important future therapeutic potential. Ann Med. 2024;56(1):2420863. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07853890.2024.","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2024"},{"key":"3561_CR210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2771","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.25322","volume":"40","author":"H Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu H, Witzigreuter L, Sathiaseelan R, Agbaga MP, Brush RS, Stout MB, et al. Obesity promotes lipid accumulation in mouse cartilage\u2014A potential role of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) mediated chondrocyte de novo lipogenesis. J Orthop Res. 2022;40:2771\u20139.","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"3561_CR211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60706","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060706","volume":"8","author":"M Iwata","year":"2013","unstructured":"Iwata M, Ochi H, Hara Y, Tagawa M, Koga D, Okawa A, et al. Initial Responses of Articular Tissues in a Murine High-Fat Diet-Induced Osteoarthritis Model: Pivotal Role of the IPFP as a Cytokine Fountain. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:60706.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3561_CR212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0162794","volume":"11","author":"Y Asou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Asou Y, Iwata M, Ochi H, Ailixiding M, Aibibula Z, Piao J, et al. Pleiotropic functions of high fat diet in the etiology of osteoarthritis. PLoS ONE. 2016;11:1\u201314.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3561_CR213","first-page":"1","volume":"12","author":"PM van der Kraan","year":"2010","unstructured":"van der Kraan PM. Osteoarthritis and a high-fat diet: The full \u201cOA syndrome\u201d in a small animal model. Arthritis Res Ther. 2010;12:1\u20132.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"3561_CR214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R130","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3068","volume":"12","author":"TM Griffin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Griffin TM, Fermor B, Huebner JL, Kraus VB, Rodriguiz RM, Wetsel WC, et al. Diet-induced obesity differentially regulates behavioral, biomechanical, and molecular risk factors for osteoarthritis in mice. Arthritis Res Ther. 2010;12:R130.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"3561_CR215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.02.007","volume":"20","author":"AM Brunner","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brunner AM, Henn CM, Drewniak EI, Lesieur-Brooks A, Machan J, Crisco JJ, et al. High dietary fat and the development of osteoarthritis in a rabbit model. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2012;20:584\u201392.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3561_CR216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1002\/art.33443","volume":"64","author":"LM Gierman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gierman LM, van der Ham F, Koudijs A, Wielinga PY, Kleemann R, Kooistra T, et al. Metabolic stress-induced inflammation plays a major role in the development of osteoarthritis in mice. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64:1172\u201381.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3561_CR217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-203248","volume":"73","author":"LM Gierman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gierman LM, K\u00fchnast S, Koudijs A, Pieterman EJ, Kloppenburg M, Van Osch GJVM, et al. Osteoarthritis development is induced by increased dietary cholesterol and can be inhibited by atorvastatin in APOE*3Leiden.CETP mice--a translational model for atherosclerosis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73:921\u20137.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"3561_CR218","first-page":"436","volume":"18","author":"KD Brandt","year":"1991","unstructured":"Brandt KD, Braunstein EM, Visco DM, O\u2019Connor B, Heck D, Albrecht M. Anterior (cranial) cruciate ligament transection in the dog: A bona fide model of osteoarthritis, not merely of cartilage injury and repair. J Rheumatol. 1991;18:436\u201346.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"3561_CR219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2010.05.017","volume":"26","author":"DC Flanigan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Flanigan DC, Harris JD, Brockmeier PM, Siston RA. The effects of lesion size and location on subchondral bone contact in experimental knee articular cartilage defects in a bovine model. Arthrosc - J Arthrosc Relat Surg. 2010;26:1655\u201361.","journal-title":"Arthrosc - J Arthrosc Relat Surg"},{"key":"3561_CR220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.4081\/or.2020.8448","volume":"12","author":"GE Narez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Narez GE, Fischenich KM, Donahue TLH. Experimental animal models of post-traumatic osteoarthritis of the knee. Orthop Rev (Pavia). 2020;12:95\u2013103.","journal-title":"Orthop Rev (Pavia)"},{"key":"3561_CR221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Atkinson PJ, Cooper TG, Anseth S, Walter NE, Kargus R, Haut RC. Association of knee bone bruise frequency with time postinjury and type of soft tissue injury. Orthopedics. 2008;31(5):440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01477447-20080501-01.","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20080501-01"},{"key":"3561_CR222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e32835a9428","volume":"25","author":"RF Loeser","year":"2013","unstructured":"Loeser RF. Aging processes and the development of osteoarthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2013;25:108\u201313.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"3561_CR223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2021.101519","volume":"58 January","author":"F Rivellese","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rivellese F, Pitzalis C. Cellular and molecular diversity in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Semin Immunol. 2021;58 January:101519.","journal-title":"Semin Immunol."},{"key":"3561_CR224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-215751","volume":"78","author":"G Lliso-Ribera","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lliso-Ribera G, Humby F, Lewis M, Nerviani A, Mauro D, Rivellese F, et al. Synovial tissue signatures enhance clinical classification and prognostic\/treatment response algorithms in early inflammatory arthritis and predict requirement for subsequent biological therapy: Results from the pathobiology of early arthritis cohort (PEAC). Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78:1642\u201352.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"3561_CR225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2024.148798","volume":"928 April","author":"W Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li W, Li Z, Zou Z, Liu X, Li X. Integrated single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing identifies POSTN as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis. Gene. 2024;928 April:148798.","journal-title":"Gene."},{"key":"3561_CR226","first-page":"1","volume":"November","author":"ML Figueiredo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Figueiredo ML. Applications of single-cell RNA sequencing in rheumatoid arthritis. 2024;November:1\u20139.","journal-title":"Applications of single-cell RNA sequencing in rheumatoid arthritis."},{"key":"3561_CR227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-023-01527-9","volume":"24","author":"MH Smith","year":"2023","unstructured":"Smith MH, Gao VR, Periyakoil PK, Kochen A, DiCarlo EF, Goodman SM, et al. Drivers of heterogeneity in synovial fibroblasts in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Immunol. 2023;24:1200\u201310.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"3561_CR228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-022-01081-3","volume":"14","author":"M Armaka","year":"2022","unstructured":"Armaka M, Konstantopoulos D, Tzaferis C, Lavigne MD, Sakkou M, Liakos A, et al. Single-cell multimodal analysis identifies common regulatory programs in synovial fibroblasts of rheumatoid arthritis patients and modeled TNF-driven arthritis. Genome Med. 2022;14:1\u201325.","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"key":"3561_CR229","first-page":"1","volume":"12 July","author":"L Cheng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cheng L, Wang Y, Wu R, Ding T, Xue H, Gao C, et al. New Insights From Single-Cell Sequencing Data: Synovial Fibroblasts and Synovial Macrophages in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol. 2021;12 July:1\u201311.","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"3561_CR230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-15147-5","volume":"7","author":"J Jo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jo J, Xu G, Cao M, Marquardt A, Francis S, Gandikota G, et al. A Functional Study of Human Inflammatory Arthritis Using Photoacoustic Imaging. Sci Rep. 2017;7:1\u20139.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3561_CR231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-53352-6_8","volume":"914","author":"M H\u00fcgle","year":"2021","unstructured":"H\u00fcgle M, Kalweit G, H\u00fcgle T, Boedecker J. A Dynamic Deep Neural Network for Multimodal Clinical Data Analysis. Stud Comput Intell. 2021;914:79\u201392.","journal-title":"Stud Comput Intell"},{"key":"3561_CR232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2023.100458","volume":"29","author":"Z Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang Z, Tong Z, Chen H, Nie G, Hu J, Liu W, et al. Photoacoustic\/ultrasonic dual-mode imaging for monitoring angiogenesis and synovial erosion in rheumatoid arthritis. Photoacoustics. 2023;29: 100458.","journal-title":"Photoacoustics"},{"key":"3561_CR233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2024.100615","volume":"38","author":"Z Huang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang Z, Liu D, Mo S, Hong X, Xie J, Chen Y, et al. Multimodal PA\/US imaging in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Enhanced correlation with clinical scores. Photoacoustics. 2024;38: 100615.","journal-title":"Photoacoustics"},{"key":"3561_CR234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.212257","volume":"306","author":"M Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang M, Zhao C, Wang M, Wang Q, Zhang R, Bai W, et al. Synovial Oxygenation at Photoacoustic Imaging to Assess Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity. Radiology. 2023;306:220\u20138.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"3561_CR235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Melanie H Smith, Vianne R Gao, Michail Schizas, Alejandro Kochen EFD, Susan M Goodman, Thomas M Norman, Laura T Donlin, Christina S Leslie and A, Rudensky Y. Heterogeneity of Inflammation-associated Synovial Fibroblasts in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Its Drivers. 2022;:1\u201340.","DOI":"10.1101\/2022.02.28.482131"},{"issue":"13","key":"3561_CR236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3890","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13133890","volume":"13","author":"F Salehi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Salehi F, Lopera Gonzalez LI, Bayat S, Kleyer A, Zanca D, Brost A, et al. Machine Learning Prediction of Treatment Response to Biological Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs in Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Clin Med. 2024;13(13):3890. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13133890.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"3561_CR237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-021-02635-3","volume":"23","author":"S Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee S, Kang S, Eun Y, Won HH, Kim H, Lee J, et al. Machine learning-based prediction model for responses of bDMARDs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2021;23:1\u201312.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"3561_CR238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao H, Ou L, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Liu K, Kuang J. The value of\u00a0deep learning-based X-ray techniques in detecting and classifying K-L grades of knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Radiol. 2024;:327\u201340.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-024-10928-9"},{"issue":"5","key":"3561_CR239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1007\/s40744-022-00475-4","volume":"9","author":"S Momtazmanesh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Momtazmanesh S, Nowroozi A, Rezaei N. Artificial Intelligence in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Current Status and Future Perspectives: A State-of-the-Art Review. Rheumatol Ther. 2022;9(5):1249\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40744-022-00475-4.","journal-title":"Rheumatol Ther"},{"key":"3561_CR240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v13.i6.603","volume":"13","author":"A Tiwari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tiwari A, Poduval M, Bagaria V. Evaluation of artificial intelligence models for osteoarthritis of the knee using deep learning algorithms for orthopedic radiographs. World J Orthop. 2022;13:603\u201314.","journal-title":"World J Orthop"},{"key":"3561_CR241","first-page":"1","volume":"30","author":"M Gharibshahian","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gharibshahian M, Torkashvand M, Bavisi M, Aldaghi N, Alizadeh A. Recent advances in artificial intelligent strategies for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Ski Res Technol. 2024;30:1\u201315.","journal-title":"Ski Res Technol"},{"key":"3561_CR242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tariq T, Suhail Z, Nawaz Z. A Review for automated classification of knee osteoarthritis using KL grading scheme for X-rays. Biomed Eng Lett. 2024;15(1):1\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13534-024-00437-5.","DOI":"10.1007\/s13534-024-00437-5"},{"key":"3561_CR243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2017.11.011","volume":"26","author":"BDX Lascelles","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lascelles BDX, Brown DC, Maixner W, Mogil JS. Spontaneous painful disease in companion animals can facilitate the development of chronic pain therapies for humans. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2018;26:175\u201383.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"}],"container-title":["Arthritis Research &amp; Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13075-025-03561-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13075-025-03561-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13075-025-03561-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T12:03:16Z","timestamp":1747483396000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/arthritis-research.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13075-025-03561-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]]},"references-count":243,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3561"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13075-025-03561-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-6362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-6362","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"109"}}