{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T20:20:16Z","timestamp":1793218816277,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":35,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Res Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Salivary gland ultrasonography (SGUS) is a promising, non-invasive tool in the diagnostic workup of suspected primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s disease (SjD). This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of two SGUS scoring methods - an ordinal score (0\u20136) and a sum score (0\u201312) - derived from the OMERACT 0\u20133 grading system, using labial salivary gland biopsy as the reference standard.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty consecutive patients with suspected primary SjD underwent SGUS of the four major salivary glands. Each gland was graded using the OMERACT 0\u20133 system. Two composite scores per patient were calculated: (1) ordinal score (maximum 6), considering the two most affected glands and (2) sum score (maximum 12), obtained by adding the scores of all four glands. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed using ROC curve analysis, with histopathology as reference.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Labial biopsy was positive in 23 patients (38.3%). The ordinal score yielded an AUC of 0.687 (95% CI: 0.546\u20130.828), with 91.9% specificity (95% CI: 83.1\u2013100%) at a threshold\u2009\u2265\u20094. The sum score showed an AUC of 0.683 (95% CI: 0.543\u20130.824), with 89.2% specificity (95% CI: 79.2\u201399.2%) at \u2265\u20095. SGUS scores\u2009\u2265\u20092 (ordinal) and \u2265\u20093 (sum) were significantly associated with anti-Ro52 antibody positivity (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.017 and\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007, respectively). At these high-specificity thresholds, labial biopsy could have potentially been deferred in 16.6% (ordinal\u2009\u2265\u20094) and 21.7% (sum score\u2009\u2265\u20095) of biopsy-positive cases, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although overall diagnostic performance was modest, SGUS scoring based on OMERACT definitions demonstrated high specificity at selected thresholds. These findings support its potential role as a biopsy-sparing tool in selected patients with high pre-test probability and compatible serological profiles. Prospective studies are needed to validate these results and optimize threshold selection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>not applicable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-026-03772-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T06:16:00Z","timestamp":1771481760000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Diagnostic utility of salivary gland ultrasonography in suspected primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s disease: a comparison of OMERACT-based ordinal and summative scoring"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5272-1991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Antonio","family":"Peregrina-Rivas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Bel\u00e9n","family":"Maroto-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00darsula","family":"Torres-Parejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa Mar\u00eda","family":"R\u00edos-Pelegrina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrique","family":"Raya-\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Quero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Salvatierra-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Salvatierra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"3772_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.6.554","volume":"61","author":"C Vitali","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vitali C, Bombardieri S, Jonsson R, Moutsopoulos HM, Alexander EL, Carsons SE, et al. 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