{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T21:33:17Z","timestamp":1784064797928,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635206400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Semnan University of Medical Sciences","award":["1556"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1556"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetol Metab Syndr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients are at a substantial risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is well known to have protective effects against the development of atherosclerotic CVD. One of the major antiatherogenic effects of HDL is its anti-oxidative function.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study investigated the association of anti-oxidative capacity of HDL with subclinical atherosclerosis in NAFLD and non-NAFLD subjects.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 143 subjects including 51 NAFLD and 92 control subjects were included in this case\u2013control study. HDL oxidative index (HOI) was determined spectrophotometrically using a cell-free method in the presence of a fluorescent substrate dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA). Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) plasma levels were assessed in both groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The NAFLD patients with impaired HDL anti-oxidative function (HOI\u2009 \u2265\u20091) had higher MDA levels, aspartate amino transferase (AST), liver stiffness (LS), and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) values compared to the controls. HDL oxidative index (HOI) was positively correlated with MDA levels and cIMT and negatively correlated with SOD activity.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Higher circulating levels of MDA were associated with the impaired anti-oxidative function of HDL in NAFLD. The impaired anti-oxidative capacity of HDL might be related to NAFLD severity and subclinical atherosclerosis in NAFLD patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-021-00741-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T18:02:42Z","timestamp":1635271362000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Association of anti-oxidative capacity of HDL with subclinical atherosclerosis in subjects with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Karami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hossein","family":"Poustchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Negar","family":"Sarmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir Reza","family":"Radmard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Ali Yari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abbas","family":"Pakdel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parisa","family":"Shabani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"741_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04724.x","volume":"34","author":"G Vernon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vernon G, Baranova A, Younossi Z. Systematic review: the epidemiology and natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in adults. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011;34(3):274\u201385.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"741_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E852","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00193.2019","volume":"317","author":"A McCullough","year":"2019","unstructured":"McCullough A, Previs SF, Dasarathy J, Lee K, Osme A, Kim C, et al. HDL flux is higher in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2019;317(5):E852\u201362.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"741_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-017-0646-8","volume":"17","author":"K Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang K, Shan S, Zheng H, Zhao X, Chen C, Liu C. Non-HDL-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ratio is a better predictor of new-onset non-alcoholic fatty liver disease than non-HDL-cholesterol: a cohort study. Lipids Health Dis. 2018;17(1):1\u20138.","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"741_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.004169","author":"L Schrutka","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schrutka L, Distelmaier K, Hohensinner P, Sulzgruber P, Lang IM, Maurer G, et al. Impaired high-density lipoprotein anti-oxidative function is associated with outcome in patients with chronic heart failure. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.116.004169.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"12","key":"741_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e004169","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.004169","volume":"5","author":"L Schrutka","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schrutka L, Distelmaier K, Hohensinner P, Sulzgruber P, Lang IM, Maurer G, et al. Impaired high-density lipoprotein anti-oxidative function is associated with outcome in patients with chronic heart failure. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016;5(12):e004169.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"741_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2017.02.001","volume":"11","author":"AJ Amor","year":"2017","unstructured":"Amor AJ, Pinyol M, Sol\u00e0 E, Catalan M, Cof\u00e1n M, Herreras Z, et al. Relationship between noninvasive scores of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nuclear magnetic resonance lipoprotein abnormalities: a focus on atherogenic dyslipidemia. J Clin Lipidol. 2017;11(2):551-61.e7.","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"issue":"7","key":"741_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1111\/pedi.13103","volume":"21","author":"JA Orozco Morales","year":"2020","unstructured":"Orozco Morales JA, Medina Urrutia AX, Torres Tamayo M, Jorge Galarza E, Reyes Barrera J, D\u00edes Suarez P, et al. Effects of fatty liver on the size and composition of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol subpopulations in adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Pediatr Diabetes. 2020;21(7):1140\u20139.","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes"},{"key":"741_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s12014-018-9186-0","volume":"15","author":"PK Rao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rao PK, Merath K, Drigalenko E, Jadhav AYL, Komorowski RA, Goldblatt MI, et al. Proteomic characterization of high-density lipoprotein particles in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Proteom. 2018;15:10.","journal-title":"Clin Proteom"},{"key":"741_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9113522","author":"J Morze","year":"2020","unstructured":"Morze J, Koch M, Aroner SA, Budoff M, McClelland RL, Mukamal KJ, et al. Associations of HDL subspecies defined by ApoC3 with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. J Clin Med. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm9113522.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"741_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.003","volume":"10","author":"W Annema","year":"2016","unstructured":"Annema W, Willemsen HM, de Boer JF, Dikkers A, van der Giet M, Nieuwland W, et al. HDL function is impaired in acute myocardial infarction independent of plasma HDL cholesterol levels. J Clin Lipidol. 2016;10(6):1318\u201328.","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"issue":"20","key":"741_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.08.030","volume":"58","author":"PJ Patel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Patel PJ, Khera AV, Jafri K, Wilensky RL, Rader DJ. The anti-oxidative capacity of high-density lipoprotein is reduced in acute coronary syndrome but not in stable coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58(20):2068\u201375.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"741_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2617","DOI":"10.2337\/db11-0378","volume":"60","author":"C Morgantini","year":"2011","unstructured":"Morgantini C, Natali A, Boldrini B, Imaizumi S, Navab M, Fogelman AM, et al. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of HDLs are impaired in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2011;60(10):2617\u201323.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"5","key":"741_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.02.024","volume":"103","author":"J Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang J, Zhang Y, Liu H, Bai H, Wang Y, Jiang C, et al. Antioxidant properties of high-density lipoproteins are impaired in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2015;103(5):1346\u201354.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"1","key":"741_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11691","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-29639-5","volume":"8","author":"R Fadaei","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fadaei R, Poustchi H, Meshkani R, Moradi N, Golmohammadi T, Merat S. Impaired HDL cholesterol efflux capacity in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):11691.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"741_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2018.07.028","volume":"277","author":"EH van den Berg","year":"2018","unstructured":"van den Berg EH, Gruppen EG, Ebtehaj S, Bakker SJL, Tietge UJF, Dullaart RPF. Cholesterol efflux capacity is impaired in subjects with an elevated Fatty Liver Index, a proxy of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Atherosclerosis. 2018;277:21\u20137.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"1","key":"741_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2016.6025","volume":"15","author":"B Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang B, Yang RN, Zhu YR, Xing JC, Lou XW, He YJ, et al. Involvement of xanthine oxidase and paraoxonase 1 in the process of oxidative stress in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Mol Med Rep. 2017;15(1):387\u201395.","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"741_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2020.02.025","volume":"152","author":"Z Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen Z, Tian R, She Z, Cai J, Li H. Role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Free Radical Biol Med. 2020;152:116\u201341.","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"741_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18020454","volume":"18","author":"F Ito","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ito F, Ito T, Suzuki C, Yahata T, Ikeda K, Hamaoka K. The application of a modified d-ROMs test for measurement of oxidative stress and oxidized high-density lipoprotein. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(2):454.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"741_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9080759","author":"M Monserrat-Mesquida","year":"2020","unstructured":"Monserrat-Mesquida M, Quetglas-Llabr\u00e9s M, Abbate M, Montemayor S, Mascar\u00f3 CM, Casares M, et al. Oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory status in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Antioxidants. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antiox9080759.","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"issue":"24","key":"741_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18473","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.118182","volume":"285","author":"B Shao","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shao B, Pennathur S, Pagani I, Oda MN, Witztum JL, Oram JF, et al. Modifying apolipoprotein A-I by malondialdehyde, but not by an array of other reactive carbonyls, blocks cholesterol efflux by the ABCA1 pathway. J Biol Chem. 2010;285(24):18473\u201384.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"4","key":"741_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.15034","volume":"287","author":"RL Schill","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schill RL, Knaack DA, Powers HR, Chen Y, Yang M, Schill DJ, et al. Modification of HDL by reactive aldehydes alters select cardioprotective functions of HDL in macrophages. FEBS J. 2020;287(4):695\u2013707.","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"issue":"5","key":"741_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1179\/1351000214Y.0000000091","volume":"19","author":"A Sehitogullar\u0131","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sehitogullar\u0131 A, Aslan M, Say\u0131r F, Kahraman A, Demir H. Serum paraoxonase-1 enzyme activities and oxidative stress levels in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Redox Rep. 2014;19(5):199\u2013205.","journal-title":"Redox Rep"},{"key":"741_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13813455.2019.1659827","author":"A Arya","year":"2019","unstructured":"Arya A, Azarmehr N, Mansourian M, Doustimotlagh AH. Inactivation of the superoxide dismutase by malondialdehyde in the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a combined molecular docking approach to clinical studies. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13813455.2019.1659827.","journal-title":"Arch Physiol Biochem"},{"issue":"8","key":"741_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1080\/10715762.2019.1635691","volume":"53","author":"M \u015awiderska","year":"2019","unstructured":"\u015awiderska M, Maciejczyk M, Zalewska A, Pogorzelska J, Flisiak R, Chabowski A. Oxidative stress biomarkers in the serum and plasma of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) Can plasma AGE be a marker of NAFLD? Oxidative stress biomarkers in NAFLD patients. Free Radic Res. 2019;53(8):841\u201350.","journal-title":"Free Radic Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"741_CR25","first-page":"515","volume":"18","author":"S Merat","year":"2015","unstructured":"Merat S, Poustchi H, Hemming K, Jafari E, Radmard AR, Nateghi A, et al. PolyPill for prevention of cardiovascular disease in an urban iranian population with special focus on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial within a cohort (polyiran\u2014liver)\u2014study protocol. Arch Iran Med. 2015;18(8):515\u201323.","journal-title":"Arch Iran Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"741_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2013.10.034","volume":"232","author":"CV Breton","year":"2014","unstructured":"Breton CV, Yin F, Wang X, Avol E, Gilliland FD, Araujo JA. HDL anti-oxidant function associates with LDL level in young adults. Atherosclerosis. 2014;232(1):165\u201370.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"5","key":"741_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.12.012","volume":"68","author":"SB Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee SB, Park G-M, Lee J-Y, Lee BU, Park JH, Kim BG, et al. Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis: an observational cohort study. J Hepatol. 2018;68(5):1018\u201324.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"741_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-016-0229-0","volume":"15","author":"K Ga\u00e1l","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ga\u00e1l K, Tarr T, L\u0151rincz H, Borb\u00e1s V, Seres I, Harangi M, et al. High-density lipopoprotein antioxidant capacity, subpopulation distribution and paraoxonase-1 activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lipids Health Dis. 2016;15(1):1\u20138.","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"741_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9050362","volume":"9","author":"F Ito","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ito F, Ito T. High-density lipoprotein (Hdl) triglyceride and oxidized HDL: new lipid biomarkers of lipoprotein-related atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Antioxidants. 2020;9(5):362.","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"issue":"1","key":"741_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-07821-5","volume":"7","author":"MG Carnuta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carnuta MG, Stancu CS, Toma L, Sanda GM, Niculescu LS, Deleanu M, et al. Dysfunctional high-density lipoproteins have distinct composition, diminished anti-inflammatory potential and discriminate acute coronary syndrome from stable coronary artery disease patients. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):1\u201313.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"741_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2200","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8122200","volume":"8","author":"MV Milaciu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Milaciu MV, Vesa \u0218C, Boc\u0219an IC, Cium\u0103rnean L, S\u00e2mpelean D, Negrean V, et al. Paraoxonase-1 serum concentration and PON1 gene polymorphisms: relationship with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Med. 2019;8(12):2200.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"741_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2011.04.008","volume":"12","author":"W Samy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Samy W, Hassanian MA. Paraoxonase-1 activity, malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the effect of atorvastatin. Arab J Gastroenterol. 2011;12(2):80\u20135.","journal-title":"Arab J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"741_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.P088997","volume":"60","author":"EH van den Berg","year":"2019","unstructured":"van den Berg EH, Gruppen EG, James RW, Bakker SJL, Dullaart RPF. Serum paraoxonase 1 activity is paradoxically maintained in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease despite low HDL cholesterol. J Lipid Res. 2019;60(1):168\u201375.","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"741_CR34","first-page":"57","volume":"34","author":"M Koruk","year":"2004","unstructured":"Koruk M, Taysi S, Savas MC, Yilmaz O, Akcay F, Karakok M. Oxidative stress and enzymatic antioxidant status in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2004;34(1):57\u201362.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"741_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20030285","volume":"106","author":"LA Videla","year":"2004","unstructured":"Videla LA, Rodrigo R, Orellana M, Fernandez V, Tapia G, Qui\u00f1ones L, et al. Oxidative stress-related parameters in the liver of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients. Clin Sci. 2004;106(3):261\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"741_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046361","volume":"142","author":"P Willeit","year":"2020","unstructured":"Willeit P, Tschiderer L, Allara E, Reuber K, Seekircher L, Gao L, et al. Carotid intima-media thickness progression as surrogate marker for cardiovascular risk: meta-analysis of 119 clinical trials involving 1,00,667 patients. Circulation. 2020;142(7):621\u201342.","journal-title":"Circulation"}],"container-title":["Diabetology &amp; Metabolic Syndrome"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13098-021-00741-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13098-021-00741-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13098-021-00741-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T18:14:52Z","timestamp":1635272092000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dmsjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13098-021-00741-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["741"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13098-021-00741-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1758-5996"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1758-5996","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 August 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 October 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 October 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All participants gave written informed consent. This study was approved by the medical ethics committee of the Semnan University of Medical Sciences (Ethics Code: IR.SEMUMS.REC.1397. 331).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"121"}}