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It is frequently associated with gastrointestinal (GIT) disturbances and is particularly prevalent among immunocompromised individuals. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> spp. infection and its association with immunological and hematological parameters among chronic leukemic patients.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Stool and blood samples were collected from 100 chronic leukemic patients. Microscopic examination and a coproantigen assay were performed for the detection of <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> spp., along with assessment of anti-<jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> fecal IgA and serum IgG antibodies. CD4 T cells and the serum level of IL-8 were also measured.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The overall <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> spp. infection rate was 60%, determined through combined microscopy and\/or coproantigen detection. Among infected patients, anti-<jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> IgA was positive in only three patients and IgG in 18 patients, with no statistically significant association between <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> spp. infection and detection of antibodies. Infection was significantly associated with elevated IL-8 levels and WBC count. There was no statistically significant association between the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms and the levels of anti-<jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> IgG or IgA, IL-8, or CD4 count in <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> spp.-infected patients.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Our study reveals a high prevalence of <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> spp. infection among chronic leukemic patients and identifies a significant association between infection and elevated IL-8 levels.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13099-025-00733-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T08:20:40Z","timestamp":1754900440000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Assessment of immunological and hematological parameters in Blastocystis species-infected chronic leukemic patients"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Heba","family":"Elhadad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bassam Mohamed","family":"Abdel-Fattah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally A. 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