{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T11:11:08Z","timestamp":1788693068025,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology Double First-Class Funds for Humanities and Social Sciences","award":["2023WKYXQWN005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023WKYXQWN005"]}]},{"name":"Teaching and Research Projects in Higher Education Institutions of Hubei Province","award":["2022067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022067"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s13102-025-01070-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T08:47:38Z","timestamp":1739177258000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Comparisons of the anthropometric and physical characteristics of young elite Chinese male soccer players by age and playing position"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Zhe","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honghao","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaoshuai","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"1070_CR1","first-page":"15","volume":"24","author":"SH Liu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Liu SH. Analysis on some biochemical indexes, physical fitness and physique of our male Elite Junior Soccer players. Sports Sci. 2004;24:15\u20138.","journal-title":"Sports Sci"},{"key":"1070_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410050120096","volume":"18","author":"T Morris","year":"2000","unstructured":"Morris T. Psychological characteristics and talent identification in Soccer. J Sports Sci. 2000;18:715\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02640410050120096.","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"1070_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.01093","volume":"8","author":"M Lesinski","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lesinski M, et al. Effects of Soccer Training on Anthropometry, body composition, and physical fitness during a Soccer season in female Elite Young athletes: a prospective cohort study. Front Physiol. 2017;8:1093. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2017.01093.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"1070_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2386","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16132386","volume":"16","author":"C Le\u00e3o","year":"2019","unstructured":"Le\u00e3o C, et al. Anthropometric Profile of Soccer Players as a determinant of position specificity and methodological issues of body composition estimation. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16:2386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph16132386.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"1070_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2019.1702282","volume":"38","author":"MJ Reeves","year":"2020","unstructured":"Reeves MJ, Roberts SJ. A Bioecological Perspective on Talent Identification in Junior-elite Soccer: a pan-european perspective. J Sports Sci. 2020;38:1259\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02640414.2019.1702282.","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"1070_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2012.713980","volume":"30","author":"C Gonaus","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gonaus C, M\u00fcller E. Using physiological data to Predict Future Career Progression in 14-to17-year-old Austrian Soccer Academy players. J Sports Sci. 2012;30:1673\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02640414.2012.713980.","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"1070_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1385881","volume":"36","author":"I Bidaurrazaga-Letona","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bidaurrazaga-Letona I, et al. Longitudinal Field Test Assessment in a Basque Soccer Youth Academy: a Multilevel modeling Framework to Partition effects of Maturation. Int J Sports Med. 2014;36:234\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0034-1385881.","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"1070_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3358","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318216305d","volume":"25","author":"C Lago-Pe\u00f1as","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lago-Pe\u00f1as C, et al. Anthropometric and physiological characteristics of Young Soccer players according to their playing positions: relevance for competition success. J Strength Cond Res. 2011;25:3358\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318216305d.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"1070_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1519\/R-11922.1","volume":"18","author":"ML Vanderford","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vanderford ML, et al. Physiological and Sport-specific Skill response of Olympic Youth Soccer athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2004;18:334\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1519\/R-11922.1.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"1070_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19020998","volume":"19","author":"AF Silva","year":"2022","unstructured":"Silva AF, et al. Variations of the locomotor Profile, sprinting, change-of-Direction, and jumping performances in Youth Soccer players: interactions between playing positions and age-groups. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19:998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19020998.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"1070_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.5812\/asjsm.34782","volume":"2","author":"PT Nikolaidis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nikolaidis PT. Vassilios Karydis, N. Physique and body composition in soccer players across adolescence. Asian J Sports Med. 2011;2:75\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5812\/asjsm.34782.","journal-title":"Asian J Sports Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"1070_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4982","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18094982","volume":"18","author":"M Spehnjak","year":"2021","unstructured":"Spehnjak M, Gu\u0161i\u0107 M, Molnar S, Bai\u0107 M, Andra\u0161i\u0107 S, Selimi M, Ma\u010dak D, Madi\u0107 DM, \u017dili\u010d Fi\u0161er S, Spori\u0161 G, Trajkovi\u0107 N. Body composition in Elite Soccer players from Youth to Senior Squad. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(9):4982. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18094982.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"1070_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-119029","volume":"38","author":"C Towlson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Towlson C, et al. Relative age, maturation and physical biases on position allocation in Elite-Youth Soccer. Int J Sports Med. 2017;38:201\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0042-119029.","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"1070_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11041","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191711041","volume":"19","author":"I So\u00f3s","year":"2022","unstructured":"So\u00f3s I, et al. Anthropometric and physiological profiles of Hungarian Youth Male Soccer players of varying ages and playing positions: a Multidimensional Assessment with a critical Approach. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19:11041. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph191711041.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"1070_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2017.1386719","volume":"18","author":"D Murr","year":"2018","unstructured":"Murr D, Raabe J, H\u00f6ner O. The prognostic value of physiological and physical characteristics in Youth Soccer: a systematic review. Eur J Sport Sci. 2018;18(1):62\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17461391.2017.1386719.","journal-title":"Eur J Sport Sci"},{"key":"1070_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McLester CN, Nickerson BS, Kliszczewicz BM, McLester JR. Reliability and agreement of various InBody body composition analyzers as compared to dual-energy X-Ray absorptiometry in healthy men and women. J Clin Densitom 23. 2018).;443\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocd.2018.10.008..","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2018.10.008"},{"key":"1070_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11060823","volume":"11","author":"S Toselli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Toselli S, et al. Assessment of body composition and physical performance of Young Soccer players: differences according to the competitive level. Biology. 2022;11:823. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biology11060823.","journal-title":"Biology"},{"key":"1070_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-010-1823-x","volume":"111","author":"CJ Mitchell","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mitchell CJ, Sale DG. Enhancement of Jump Performance after a 5-RM Squat is Associated with Postactivation Potentiation. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011;111:1957\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00421-010-1823-x.","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"1070_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2011.652654","volume":"30","author":"JB Vandendriessche","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vandendriessche JB, et al. Biological maturation, morphology, Fitness, and Motor Coordination as Part of a selection strategy in the search for International Youth Soccer players (Age 15\u201316 years). J Sports Sci. 2012;30:1695\u2013703. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02640414.2011.652654.","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"1070_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181b425d2","volume":"23","author":"RH Sassi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sassi RH, et al. Relative and absolute reliability of a modified agility T-test and its relationship with vertical jump and straight sprint. J Strength Cond Res. 2009;23:1644\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181b425d2.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"1070_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000058441.94520.32","volume":"35","author":"P Krustrup","year":"2003","unstructured":"Krustrup P, et al. The yo-yo intermittent recovery test: physiological response, reliability, and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35:697\u2013705. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1249\/01.MSS.0000058441.94520.32.","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"1070_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015808","volume":"40","author":"CJ Ferguson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ferguson CJ. An effect size primer: a Guide for clinicians and Researchers. Prof Psychol Res Pr. 2009;40:532\u20138.","journal-title":"Prof Psychol Res Pr"},{"key":"1070_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0743-x","volume":"47","author":"RM Malina","year":"2017","unstructured":"Malina RM, Figueiredo AJ, Coelho-E-Silva MJ. Body size of Male Youth Soccer players 1978\u20132015. Sports Med (Auckland N Z). 2017;47:1983\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40279-017-0743-x.","journal-title":"Sports Med (Auckland N Z)"},{"key":"1070_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00236710","volume":"61","author":"E Cacciari","year":"1990","unstructured":"Cacciari E, et al. Effects of Sport (football) on growth: Auxological, Anthropometric and Hormonal aspects. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1990;61:149\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00236710.","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1070_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17041140","volume":"17","author":"L Mala","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mala L, Maly T, Cabell L, Hank M, Bujnovsky D, Zahalka F, Anthropometric. Body composition, and morphological Lower Limb asymmetries in Elite Soccer players: a prospective cohort study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(4):1140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17041140.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"1070_CR26","first-page":"335","volume":"35","author":"G Sporis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sporis G, et al. Impact of body composition on performance in Fitness tests among personnel of the Croatian Navy. Coll Antropol. 2011;35:335\u20139.","journal-title":"Coll Antropol"},{"key":"1070_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.23736\/S0022-4707.17.06925-0","volume":"57","author":"D Barbieri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barbieri D, et al. Body composition and size in Sprint athletes. J Sports Med Phys Fit. 2017;57:1142\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/S0022-4707.17.06925-0.","journal-title":"J Sports Med Phys Fit"},{"key":"1070_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2010.536248","volume":"29","author":"A Mendez-Villanueva","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mendez-Villanueva A, et al. Age-related differences in acceleration, Maximum running speed, and repeated-sprint performance in Young Soccer players. J Sports Sci. 2011;29:477\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02640414.2010.536248.","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"1070_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2014-0539","volume":"10","author":"H Al Haddad","year":"2015","unstructured":"Al Haddad H, et al. Peak Match Speed and maximal sprinting speed in Young Soccer players: Effect of Age and playing position. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2015;10:888\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/ijspp.2014-0539.","journal-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform"},{"key":"1070_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.23736\/S0022-4707.17.07950-6","volume":"59","author":"M Slimani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Slimani M, Nikolaidis PT. Anthropometric and physiological characteristics of male Soccer players according to their competitive level, playing position and Age Group: a systematic review. J Sports Med Phys Fit. 2019;59:141\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/S0022-4707.17.07950-6.","journal-title":"J Sports Med Phys Fit"},{"key":"1070_CR31","first-page":"415","volume":"46","author":"C Benvenuti","year":"2010","unstructured":"Benvenuti C, et al. Agility Assessment in Female Futsal and Soccer players. Med (Kaunas Lithuania). 2010;46:415\u201320.","journal-title":"Med (Kaunas Lithuania)"},{"key":"1070_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2667","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318242f97a","volume":"26","author":"A Chaouachi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chaouachi A, et al. Determinants analysis of change-of-direction ability in Elite Soccer players. J Strength Cond Res. 2012;26:2667\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318242f97a.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"1070_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2178","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14039","volume":"31","author":"S Jones","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jones S, et al. Field based lower limb strength tests provide insight into Sprint and Change of Direction ability in Academy footballers. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2021;31:2178\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sms.14039.","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"1070_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19020671","volume":"19","author":"J Kabacinski","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kabacinski J, et al. Relationship between isokinetic knee strength and speed, agility, and Explosive Power in Elite Soccer players. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19:671. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19020671.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"1070_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1123\/pes.5.4.318","volume":"5","author":"B Falk","year":"1993","unstructured":"Falk B. Bar-Or, O. Longitudinal changes in Peak Aerobic and Anaerobic Mechanical Power of Circumpubertal Boys. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 1993;5:318\u201331.","journal-title":"Pediatr Exerc Sci"},{"key":"1070_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00583","volume":"10","author":"MA Cossio Bola\u00f1os","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cossio Bola\u00f1os MA, et al. Muscle Mass in Children and adolescents: proposed equations and reference values for Assessment. Front Endocrinol. 2019;10:583. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2019.00583.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"1070_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200838010-00004","volume":"38","author":"J Bangsbo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bangsbo J, Iaia FM, Krustrup P. The Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test: a useful tool for evaluation of physical performance in intermittent sports. Sports Med (Auckland N Z). 2008;38:37\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00007256-200838010-00004.","journal-title":"Sports Med (Auckland N Z)"},{"key":"1070_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.5604\/20831862.1127284","volume":"32","author":"D Deprez","year":"2015","unstructured":"Deprez D, et al. The Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 is Reliable in Young High-level Soccer players. Biol Sport. 2015;32:65\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5604\/20831862.1127284.","journal-title":"Biol Sport"},{"key":"1070_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1993.75.3.1160","volume":"75","author":"A Baxter-Jones","year":"1993","unstructured":"Baxter-Jones A, Goldstein H, Helms P. The development of Aerobic Power in Young athletes. J Appl Physiol (Bethesda Md:985). 1993;75:1160\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jappl.1993.75.3.1160.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (Bethesda Md:985)"},{"key":"1070_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0239155","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0239155","volume":"15","author":"K Zhao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao K, et al. A 2-year Longitudinal follow-up of performance characteristics in Chinese Male Elite Youth athletes from Swimming and Racket sports. PLoS ONE. 2020;15:e0239155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0239155.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1070_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318239f84f","volume":"26","author":"J Boone","year":"2012","unstructured":"Boone J, et al. Physical fitness of Elite Belgian Soccer players by player position. J Strength Cond Res. 2012;26:2051\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318239f84f.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"1070_CR42","first-page":"110","volume":"16","author":"J Bangsbo","year":"1991","unstructured":"Bangsbo J, N\u00f8rregaard L, Thors\u00f8 F. Activity Profile of Competition Soccer. Can J Sport Sci = Journal canadien des Sci du Sport. 1991;16:110\u20136.","journal-title":"Can J Sport Sci = Journal canadien des Sci du Sport"},{"key":"1070_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-018-01048-8","volume":"49","author":"LH Palucci Vieira","year":"2019","unstructured":"Palucci Vieira LH, et al. Match running performance in Young Soccer players: a systematic review. Sports Med (Auckland N Z). 2019;49:289\u2013318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40279-018-01048-8.","journal-title":"Sports Med (Auckland N Z)"}],"container-title":["BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13102-025-01070-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13102-025-01070-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13102-025-01070-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T08:47:46Z","timestamp":1739177266000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcsportsscimedrehabil.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13102-025-01070-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1070"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13102-025-01070-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2052-1847"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2052-1847","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study design, protocol, and risk were well known to the players and their legal guardians. This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Ethics Board of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China (Notification Number [2023] IEC (S172)). This study followed the ethical principles of the Helsinki Declaration for human research. Written informed consent forms were obtained from all the participants and guardians of the minors.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"22"}}