{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:40:22Z","timestamp":1787020822038,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"2022 Campus-Level Talent Special Project","award":["ZL22018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZL22018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s13102-025-01334-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T14:22:09Z","timestamp":1759155729000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The impact of altered intestinal microbiota on intestinal immune function after acute exhaustive exercise in mice"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Guang","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenqian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"06","key":"1334_CR1","first-page":"571","volume":"43","author":"S Zeyuan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zeyuan S, Jianmin C, Ge H. Etc the protective mechanism of Astaxanthin on liver injury induced by high-intensity exercise with increasing load in rats [J]. J Nutr. 2021;43(06):571\u20136.","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"1334_CR2","unstructured":"Niu Yanlong C, Jianmin W, Zhen. etc The effect of astaxanthin on oxidative stress damage and cell apoptosis in skeletal muscles of rats induced by high-intensity exercise [J] Journal of Nutrition 2021, 43 (03): 274\u2013278."},{"issue":"07","key":"1334_CR3","first-page":"562","volume":"39","author":"Z Rao Zhijian","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rao Zhijian Z, Lifang C, Yun. Etc the changes of myocardial NF kappa B and ICAM-1 after long-term high-intensity exercise and their role in exercise-induced myocardial fibrosis [J]. Chin J Sports Med. 2020;39(07):562\u20138.","journal-title":"Chin J Sports Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"1334_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5081","DOI":"10.1113\/JP270646","volume":"594","author":"SK Powers","year":"2016","unstructured":"Powers SK, Radak Z, Ji LL. Exercise-induced oxidative stress: past, present and future. J Physiol. 2016;594(18):5081\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/JP270646.","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1334_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-023-03083-2","volume":"62","author":"Y Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang Y, Chen X, Baker JS, Davison GW, Xu S, Zhou Y, Bao X. Astaxanthin promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant capacity in chronic high-intensity interval training. Eur J Nutr. 2023;62(3):1453\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00394-023-03083-2.","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"1334_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864323","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.864323","volume":"9","author":"MET Willems","year":"2022","unstructured":"Willems MET, Blacker SD. Anthocyanin-Rich supplementation: emerging evidence of strong potential for sport and exercise nutrition. Front Nutr. 2022;9:864323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2022.864323.","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"1334_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.55730\/1300-0144.5604","volume":"53","author":"Z Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu Z, Sun X, Ding B, Zi M, Ma Y. Resveratrol attenuated high intensity exercise training-induced inflammation and ferroptosis via Nrf2\/FTH1\/GPX4 pathway in intestine of mice. Turk J Med Sci. 2023;53(2):446\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.55730\/1300-0144.5604.","journal-title":"Turk J Med Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"1334_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3835","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-022-02943-7","volume":"61","author":"K Nanavati","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nanavati K, Rutherfurd-Markwick K, Lee SJ, Bishop NC, Ali A. Effect of Curcumin supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage: a narrative review. Eur J Nutr. 2022;61(8):3835\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00394-022-02943-7.","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"1334_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-014-0189-7","volume":"14","author":"SC Bischoff","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bischoff SC, Barbara G, Buurman W, et al. Intestinal permeability\u2013a new target for disease prevention and therapy[J]. BMC Gastroenterol. 2014;14:189.","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1334_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.3164\/jcbn.23-96","volume":"74","author":"M Takami","year":"2024","unstructured":"Takami M, Aoi W, Matsumoto K, Kato Y, Kobayashi Y, Kuwahata M. High-intensity exercise impairs intestinal barrier function by generating oxidative stress. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2024;74(2):136\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3164\/jcbn.23-96.","journal-title":"J Clin Biochem Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"1334_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-013-2791-8","volume":"114","author":"K Gutekunst","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gutekunst K, Kr\u00fcger K, August C, et al. Acute exercises induce disorders of the Gastrointestinal integrity in a murine model[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2014;114(3):609\u201317.","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1334_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1159\/000447252","volume":"1","author":"H Fukui","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fukui H. Increased intestinal permeability and decreased barrier function: does it really influence the risk of inflammation?? Inflamm Intest Dis. 2016;1(3):135\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000447252.","journal-title":"Inflamm Intest Dis"},{"key":"1334_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712381","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.712381","volume":"11","author":"W Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang W, Liu Y, Yang G, et al. Moderate-Intensity physical exercise affects the exercise performance and gut microbiota of Mice[J]. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021;11:712381.","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1334_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1113\/JP283995","volume":"601","author":"M Uchida","year":"2023","unstructured":"Uchida M, Fujie S, Yano H, Iemitsu M. Aerobic exercise training-induced alteration of gut microbiota composition affects endurance capacity. J Physiol. 2023;601(12):2329\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/JP283995.","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"1334_CR15","unstructured":"Wu Yan The role. And mechanism of PHD2\/HIF-1 \u03b1 signaling pathway in the regulation of intestinal mucosal barrier function during exercise [. D] Shanghai Institute of Sports; 2019."},{"issue":"09","key":"1334_CR16","first-page":"961","volume":"26","author":"C Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li C, Luxuan T. Zhang xinmei, etc introduction to the 2016 European consensus on fecal microbial transplantation [J]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;26(09):961\u20135.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"1334_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2272","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02272","volume":"10","author":"MM Heimesaat","year":"2019","unstructured":"Heimesaat MM, Mrazek K, Bereswill S. Murine fecal microbiota transplantation alleviates intestinal and systemic immune responses in Campylobacter jejuni infected mice harboring a human gut microbiota[J]. Front Immunol. 2019;10:2272.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1334_CR18","unstructured":"Yang Lu L, Qinghua X, Ling. etc The effect of fecal microbiota transplantation on the learning and memory abilities of Alzheimer\u2019s disease mice [J] Journal of Zhengzhou University (Medical Edition) 2017, 52 (06): 702\u2013706."},{"key":"1334_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cammarota G, Ianiro G, Tilg H et al. European consensus conference on faecal microbiota transplantation in clinical practice[J]. Gut. 2017, 66(4): 569\u2013580.","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-313017"},{"key":"1334_CR20","unstructured":"Zhong Yu. Screening of anti-fatigue active parts of Okra and study on its biochemical mechanism [D]. Tianjin University of Science and Technology; 2015."},{"issue":"05","key":"1334_CR21","first-page":"551","volume":"20","author":"Q Wu Xinyu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wu Xinyu Q, Hua W, Yanan, et al. Study on the immunogenicity of an mRNA vaccine against severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus [J]. J Pathogen Biology. 2025;20(05):551\u20136.","journal-title":"J Pathogen Biology"},{"issue":"02","key":"1334_CR22","first-page":"486","volume":"62","author":"S Kang Xuenna","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kang Xuenna S, Ke Q, et al. Study on the probiotic effects of pediococcus Pentosaceus GZ0620 and its improvement on colitis [J]. J Sichuan Univ (Natural Sci Edition). 2025;62(02):486\u201393.","journal-title":"J Sichuan Univ (Natural Sci Edition)"},{"key":"1334_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1380713","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2024.1380713","volume":"15","author":"TR Dmytriv","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dmytriv TR, Storey KB, Lushchak VI. Intestinal barrier permeability: the influence of gut microbiota, nutrition, and exercise. Front Physiol. 2024;15:1380713. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2024.1380713.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"1334_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1159\/000342169","volume":"59","author":"M Lamprecht","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lamprecht M, Frauwallner A. Exercise, intestinal barrier dysfunction and probiotic supplementation. Med Sport Sci. 2012;59:47\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000342169.","journal-title":"Med Sport Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"1334_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.01.013","volume":"182","author":"KR Bergmann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bergmann KR, Liu SX, Tian R, et al. Bifidobacteria stabilize claudins at tight junctions and prevent intestinal barrier dysfunction in mouse necrotizing enterocolitis[J]. Am J Pathol. 2013;182(5):1595\u2013606.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1334_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpgasthep0259","volume":"2","author":"A Fasano","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fasano A, Shea-Donohue T. Mechanisms of disease: the role of intestinal barrier function in the pathogenesis of Gastrointestinal autoimmune diseases[J]. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005;2(9):416\u201322.","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1334_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a2584","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a002584","volume":"1","author":"JM Anderson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Anderson JM, Van Itallie CM. Physiology and function of the tight junction[J]. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009;1(2):a2584.","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1334_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-023-00766-3","volume":"20","author":"A Horowitz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Horowitz A, Chanez-Paredes SD, Haest X, Turner JR. Paracellular permeability and tight junction regulation in gut health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023;20(7):417\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41575-023-00766-3.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"1334_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2014.07.017","volume":"19","author":"GH Liang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liang GH, Weber CR. Molecular aspects of tight junction barrier function[J]. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2014;19:84\u20139.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1334_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2538","volume":"9","author":"MA Mcguckin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mcguckin MA, Lind\u00e9n SK, Sutton P, et al. Mucin dynamics and enteric pathogens[J]. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011;9(4):265\u201378.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"17","key":"1334_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3930","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e09-04-0320","volume":"20","author":"CM Van Itallie","year":"2009","unstructured":"Van Itallie CM, Fanning AS, Bridges A, et al. ZO-1 stabilizes the tight junction solute barrier through coupling to the perijunctional cytoskeleton[J]. Mol Biol Cell. 2009;20(17):3930\u201340.","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"1334_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.021485","volume":"121","author":"CM Van Itallie","year":"2008","unstructured":"Van Itallie CM, Holmes J, Bridges A, et al. The density of small tight junction pores varies among cell types and is increased by expression of claudin-2[J]. J Cell Sci. 2008;121(Pt 3):298\u2013305.","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"issue":"Pt 22","key":"1334_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5221","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.02630","volume":"118","author":"CJ Watson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Watson CJ, Hoare CJ, Garrod DR, et al. Interferon-gamma selectively increases epithelial permeability to large molecules by activating different populations of paracellular pores[J]. J Cell Sci. 2005;118(Pt 22):5221\u201330.","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"1334_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i4.1433","volume":"22","author":"M M\u00e1rquez","year":"2016","unstructured":"M\u00e1rquez M, Fern\u00e1ndez G, D \u00c1 C, Gir\u00f3n-Gonz\u00e1lez JA. Gut epithelial barrier dysfunction in human immunodeficiency virus-hepatitis C virus coinfected patients: influence on innate and acquired immunity[J]. World J Gastroenterol. 2016;22(4):1433\u201348.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1334_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2012.08.012","volume":"10","author":"A Fasano","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fasano A. Intestinal permeability and its regulation by zonulin: diagnostic and therapeutic implications[J]. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012;10(10):1096\u2013100.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1334_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00003.2008","volume":"91","author":"A Fasano","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fasano A. Zonulin and its regulation of intestinal barrier function: the biological door to inflammation, autoimmunity, and cancer[J]. Physiol Rev. 2011;91(1):151\u201375.","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"1334_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.23453","volume":"299","author":"JR Gomes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gomes JR, Freitas JR, Grassiolli S. Effects of physical exercise on the intestinal mucosa of rats submitted to a hypothalamic obesity Condition[J]. Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2016;299(10):1389\u201396.","journal-title":"Anat Rec (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"5","key":"1334_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00377.2007","volume":"104","author":"EF Rosa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rosa EF, Freym\u00fcller E, Ihara SS, et al. Damaging effects of intense repetitive treadmill running on murine intestinal musculature[J]. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2008;104(5):1410\u20137.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"1334_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-015-1500-6","volume":"8","author":"AM Holland","year":"2015","unstructured":"Holland AM, Hyatt HW, Smuder AJ, et al. Influence of endurance exercise training on antioxidant enzymes, tight junction proteins, and inflammatory markers in the rat ileum[J]. BMC Res Notes. 2015;8:514.","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"issue":"1","key":"1334_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/1550-2783-9-45","volume":"9","author":"M Lamprecht","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lamprecht M, Bogner S, Schippinger G, et al. Probiotic supplementation affects markers of intestinal barrier, oxidation, and inflammation in trained men; a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial[J]. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012;9(1):45.","journal-title":"J Int Soc Sports Nutr"},{"key":"1334_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12970-015-0101-z","volume":"12","author":"M Lamprecht","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lamprecht M, Bogner S, Steinbauer K, et al. Effects of zeolite supplementation on parameters of intestinal barrier integrity, inflammation, redoxbiology and performance in aerobically trained subjects[J]. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2015;12:40.","journal-title":"J Int Soc Sports Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"1334_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.116.134403","volume":"104","author":"G Davison","year":"2016","unstructured":"Davison G, Marchbank T, March DS, et al. Zinc carnosine works with bovine colostrum in truncating heavy exercise-induced increase in gut permeability in healthy volunteers[J]. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016;104(2):526\u201336.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"1334_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11228","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-38357-6","volume":"13","author":"JE Hintikka","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hintikka JE, Ahtiainen JP, Permi P, Jalkanen S, Lehtonen M, Pekkala S. Aerobic exercise training and gut microbiome-associated metabolic shifts in women with overweight: a multi-omic study. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):11228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-38357-6.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1334_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S346007","volume":"15","author":"J Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang J, Zhang Q, Xia J, Sun H. Moderate treadmill exercise modulates gut microbiota and improves intestinal barrier in High-Fat-Diet-Induced obese mice via the AMPK\/CDX2 signaling pathway. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2022;15:209\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/DMSO.S346007.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes"},{"key":"1334_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Che MZ, Jia LQ, Min DY et al. Effects of modified Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction on Intestinal-derived Lipopolysaccharide-mediated inflammation of hepatic Kupffer cells in rats with hyperlipidemia and spleen deficiency syndrome [J\/OL]. Chin J Experimental Formulas, 1\u201314 [retrieved on May 4, 2025]. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13422\/j.cnki.syfjx.20250607","DOI":"10.13422\/j.cnki.syfjx.20250607"},{"key":"1334_CR46","unstructured":"Farhana A, Khan YS. Biochemistry, Lipopolysaccharide. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Apr 17 [2025-05-07]. Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK554414\/?report=printable. PMID: 32119301; Book Shelf ID: NBK554414."},{"issue":"3","key":"1334_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2019.1629235","volume":"11","author":"M Stephens","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stephens M, von der Weid PY. Lipopolysaccharides modulate intestinal epithelial permeability and inflammation in a species-specific manner[J]. Gut Microbes. 2020;11(3):421\u201332.","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"4","key":"1334_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-019-09763-x","volume":"43","author":"TR Kannaki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kannaki TR, Priyanka E, Reddy MR. Co-administration of toll-like receptor (TLR)-3 and 4 ligands augments immune response to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine in chicken[J]. Vet Res Commun. 2019;43(4):225\u201330.","journal-title":"Vet Res Commun"},{"issue":"2","key":"1334_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2008.01.006","volume":"42","author":"YC Lu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lu YC, Yeh WC, Ohashi PS. LPS\/TLR4 signal transduction pathway[J]. Cytokine. 2008;42(2):145\u201351.","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"issue":"4","key":"1334_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-020-03656-y","volume":"78","author":"A Ciesielska","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ciesielska A, Matyjek M, Kwiatkowska K. TLR4 and CD14 trafficking and its influence on LPS-induced pro-inflammatory signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2021;78(4):1233\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-020-03656-y.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1334_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-018-1266-6","volume":"10","author":"S Yang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yang S, Xie C, Chen Y, et al. Differential roles of TNF\u03b1-TNFR1 and TNF\u03b1-TNFR2 in the differentiation and function of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) induced Treg cells in vitro and in vivo periphery in autoimmune diseases[J]. Cell Death Dis. 2019;10(1):27.","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"1334_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2009.01.001","volume":"15","author":"S Grivennikov","year":"2009","unstructured":"Grivennikov S, Karin E, Terzic J, et al. IL-6 and Stat3 are required for survival of intestinal epithelial cells and development of colitis-associated cancer[J]. Cancer Cell. 2009;15(2):103\u201313.","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"04","key":"1334_CR53","first-page":"312","volume":"36","author":"J Liu Xia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu Xia J, Qiguan. Jin Aina the effect and mechanism of hypoxic training on the intestinal mucosal barrier function in rats [J]. Chin J Sports Med. 2017;36(04):312\u20139.","journal-title":"Chin J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1334_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2013.12.021","volume":"158","author":"M Uchida","year":"2014","unstructured":"Uchida M, Oyanagi E, Kawanishi N, et al. Exhaustive exercise increases the TNF-\u03b1 production in response to Flagellin via the upregulation of toll-like receptor 5 in the large intestine in mice[J]. Immunol Lett. 2014;158(1\u20132):151\u20138.","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"issue":"8","key":"1334_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.07.018","volume":"26","author":"M God\u00ednez-Victoria","year":"2012","unstructured":"God\u00ednez-Victoria M, Drago-Serrano ME, Reyna-Garfias H, et al. Effects on secretory IgA levels in small intestine of mice that underwent moderate exercise training followed by a bout of strenuous swimming exercise[J]. Brain Behav Immun. 2012;26(8):1300\u20139.","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"1","key":"1334_CR56","first-page":"63","volume":"37","author":"R Campos-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2016","unstructured":"Campos-Rodr\u00edguez R, God\u00ednez-Victoria M, Arciniega-Mart\u00ednez IM, et al. Protective effect of moderate exercise for balb\/c mice with Salmonella typhimurium Infection[J]. Int J Sports Med. 2016;37(1):63\u201370.","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"}],"container-title":["BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13102-025-01334-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13102-025-01334-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13102-025-01334-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T14:22:15Z","timestamp":1759155735000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcsportsscimedrehabil.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13102-025-01334-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1334"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13102-025-01334-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2052-1847"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2052-1847","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 August 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 September 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All animal experiments were approved by the Research Ethics Subcommittee of the School of Sports Science, South China Normal University (Approval No.: SCNU-SPT-2019-002).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical trial"}}],"article-number":"279"}}