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All participants completed three testing sessions over five days in randomized order, with knee flexion angles of 15\u00b0, 30\u00b0, or 45\u00b0 degrees. Each session consisted of three unilateral maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC), with the athlete\u2019s heels positioned on force plates, shoulders elevated on a 15.24\u00a0cm box, and hips secured using a rigid barbell. All data was analyzed to assess net force production comparisons between knee angles at 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 ms and peak force (N).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Large variance in force outputs were observed ranging between 0.30 and 0.82 (male\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>\u00b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), and 0.52\u20130.76 (female\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>\u00b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), and significant differences observed between all knee angles (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Pairwise comparisons revealed effect sizes ranging between small-large for males (Hedge\u2019s\n                      <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.27\u20131.84) and moderate to very large for females (\n                      <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.51\u20132.18) across individual force-time points.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings indicate that the knee angle must be rigorously controlled when performing the single-leg isometric long-lever bridge to mitigate unwanted variability and to accurately assess the intended musculature, especially for longitudinal monitoring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13102-025-01407-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T04:06:39Z","timestamp":1764043599000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The impact of testing-parameter variability on force production in the isometric single-leg long-lever bridge: implications for training and testing rigor in sporting environments"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Adam E.","family":"Sundh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Ripley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AJ","family":"Lamb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conor J.","family":"Cantwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Comfort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"1407_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ripley NJ, Barber R, Fahey JT, Comfort P. 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