{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T19:57:51Z","timestamp":1790452671033,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":46,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s13102-026-01889-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T09:15:32Z","timestamp":1786439732000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of combined balance and plyometric training on athletic performance: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Yifei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanwei","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"1889_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1134\/S0362119716030099","volume":"42","author":"LV Kapilevich","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kapilevich LV, Lojkina M, Krivoschekov S. Electrophysiological neuromuscular systemic characteristics of athletes in power training. Hum Physiol. 2016;42(4):392\u2013400.","journal-title":"Hum Physiol"},{"key":"1889_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bompa TO, Buzzichelli C. Periodization-: theory and methodology of training. Human kinetics; 2019.","DOI":"10.5040\/9781718225435"},{"key":"1889_CR3","unstructured":"Elwell S. Strength and conditioning for sports performance| Strength and conditioning for sports performance, Ian Jeffreys, Jeremy Moody, editors, Routledge (2016), 724 pages, ISBN-13: 978\u20130415578219. Elsevier; 2017."},{"key":"1889_CR4","unstructured":"Williams AM, Ford P, Reilly T, Drust B. Science and soccer: Routledge London, UK; 2013."},{"key":"1889_CR5","unstructured":"Verkhoshansky Y, Siff MC. Supertraining: Verkhoshansky SSTM Rome; 2009."},{"key":"1889_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chu DA, Myer G. Plyometrics: Human kinetics; 2013.","DOI":"10.5040\/9781718225459"},{"issue":"12","key":"1889_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-020-01337-1","volume":"50","author":"R Ramirez-Campillo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ramirez-Campillo R, Castillo D, Raya-Gonzalez J, Moran J, de Villarreal ES, Lloyd RS. Effects of plyometric jump training on jump and sprint performance in young male soccer players: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2020;50(12):2125\u201343.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"1889_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2955","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181e37fbe","volume":"24","author":"R Khlifa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Khlifa R, Aouadi R, Hermassi S, Chelly MS, Jlid MC, Hbacha H, et al. Effects of a plyometric training program with and without added load on jumping ability in basketball players. J Strength Conditioning Res. 2010;24(11):2955\u201361.","journal-title":"J Strength Conditioning Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"1889_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-021-01479-w","volume":"51","author":"R Ramirez-Campillo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ramirez-Campillo R, Gentil P, Negra Y, Grgic J, Girard O. Effects of plyometric jump training on repeated sprint ability in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2021;51(10):2165\u201379.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"1889_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318220fd03","volume":"26","author":"ES de Villarreal","year":"2012","unstructured":"de Villarreal ES, Requena B, Cronin JB. The effects of plyometric training on sprint performance: a meta-analysis. J Strength Conditioning Res. 2012;26(2):575\u201384.","journal-title":"J Strength Conditioning Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"1889_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.3390\/children10030427","volume":"10","author":"\u00d6 Pamuk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pamuk \u00d6, Makarac\u0131 Y, Ceylan L, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck H, K\u0131z\u0131let T, Ceylan T, et al. Associations between force-time related single-leg counter movement jump variables, agility, and linear sprint in competitive youth male basketball players. Children. 2023;10(3):427.","journal-title":"Children"},{"issue":"3","key":"1889_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181b88d37","volume":"42","author":"M H\u00fcbscher","year":"2010","unstructured":"H\u00fcbscher M, Zech A, Pfeifer K, H\u00e4nsel F, Vogt L, Banzer W. Neuromuscular training for sports injury prevention: a systematic review. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010;42(3):413\u201321.","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"8","key":"1889_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4079","DOI":"10.3390\/app15084079","volume":"15","author":"F Karabel","year":"2025","unstructured":"Karabel F, Makarac\u0131 Y. Optimal recovery time for post-activation performance enhancement after an acute bout of plyometric exercise on unilateral countermovement jump and postural sway in national-level female volleyball players. Appl Sci. 2025;15(8):4079.","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"1889_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002546","volume":"34","author":"I Bouteraa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bouteraa I, Negra Y, Shephard RJ, Chelly MS, EFFECTS OF COMBINED BALANCE, AND PLYOMETRIC TRAINING ON ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE IN FEMALE BASKETBALL PLAYERS. J Strength Conditioning Res. 2020;34(7):1967\u201373.","journal-title":"J Strength Conditioning Res"},{"key":"1889_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo C, Xu M. The effect of 8-week combined balance and plyometric training on change of direction performance of young badminton players. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):21181.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-08101-3"},{"key":"1889_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000057788.10364.aa","volume":"409","author":"LYE Griffin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Griffin LYE. Neuromuscular training and injury prevention in sports. Clin Orthop Relat Research\u00ae. 2003;409:53\u201360.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Research\u00ae"},{"issue":"12","key":"1889_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6532","DOI":"10.3390\/app15126532","volume":"15","author":"M S\u00f6yler","year":"2025","unstructured":"S\u00f6yler M, G\u00fcrkan AC, Kayanta\u015f \u0130, Ayd\u0131n S, Karata\u015f B, Eraslan M, et al. Investigation of the effects of different plyometric training protocols on punching force and muscle performance in male boxers. Appl Sci. 2025;15(12):6532.","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"1889_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2009.08.005","volume":"13","author":"ES-S De Villarreal","year":"2010","unstructured":"De Villarreal ES-S, Requena B, Newton RU. Does plyometric training improve strength performance? A meta-analysis. J Sci Med sport. 2010;13(5):513\u201322.","journal-title":"J Sci Med sport"},{"key":"1889_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372:n71.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"issue":"5","key":"1889_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2019.11.002","volume":"24","author":"AM Moseley","year":"2020","unstructured":"Moseley AM, Elkins MR, Van der Wees PJ, Pinheiro MB. Using research to guide practice: the physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro). Braz J Phys Ther. 2020;24(5):384\u201391.","journal-title":"Braz J Phys Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"1889_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/S1836-9553(13)70141-3","volume":"59","author":"LO Lima","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lima LO, Scianni A, Rodrigues-de-Paula F. Progressive resistance exercise improves strength and physical performance in people with mild to moderate Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review. J physiotherapy. 2013;59(1):7\u201313.","journal-title":"J physiotherapy"},{"key":"1889_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003107347","volume-title":"Doing meta-analysis with R: A handson guide Chapman and Hall\/CRC","author":"M Harrer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Harrer M, Cuijpers P, Furukawa T, Ebert D. Doing meta-analysis with R: A handson guide Chapman and Hall\/CRC. Boca Raton, Florida, USA: CRC; 2021."},{"issue":"9","key":"1889_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-016-0492-2","volume":"46","author":"SM Rice","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rice SM, Purcell R, De Silva S, Mawren D, McGorry PD, Parker AG. The mental health of elite athletes: A narrative systematic review. Sports Med. 2016;46(9):1333\u201353.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"1889_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-014-0239-x","volume":"44","author":"RM Malcata","year":"2014","unstructured":"Malcata RM, Hopkins WG. Variability of competitive performance of elite athletes: a systematic review. Sports Med. 2014;44(12):1763\u201374.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"1889_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698555","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2021.698555","volume":"15","author":"L Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li L, Smith DM. Neural efficiency in athletes: a systematic review. Front Behav Neurosci. 2021;15:698555.","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"1889_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NAJ.0000444496.24228.2c","volume":"114","author":"E Aromataris","year":"2014","unstructured":"Aromataris E, Pearson A. The systematic review: an overview. AJN Am J Nurs. 2014;114(3):53\u20138.","journal-title":"AJN Am J Nurs"},{"key":"1889_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu Z, Zhou L, Gong W, Chuang S, Wang S, Guo Z et al. The Effect of 6-Week Combined Balance and Plyometric Training on Dynamic Balance and Quickness Performance of Elite Badminton Players. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(3):1605.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19031605"},{"key":"1889_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou L, Gong W, Wang S, Guo Z, Liu M, Chuang S et al. Combined balance and plyometric training enhances knee function, but not proprioception of elite male badminton players: A pilot randomized controlled study. Front Psychol. 2022;13:947877.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.947877"},{"issue":"2","key":"1889_CR29","first-page":"1","volume":"34","author":"G Aloui","year":"2025","unstructured":"Aloui G, Dhahbi W, Ceylan H\u0130, Stefanica V, Alneama A, Mami M, et al. A Combined Balance and Plyometric Training Approach: Effects on Physical Performance Parameters in Youth Male Handball Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Revista de Psicolog\u00eda del Deporte. (Journal Sport Psychology). 2025;34(2):1\u201312.","journal-title":"(Journal Sport Psychology)"},{"issue":"10","key":"1889_CR30","first-page":"E37359","volume":"103","author":"X Shen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shen X. The effect of 8-week combined balance and plyometric on the dynamic balance and agility of female adolescent taekwondo athletes. Med (United States). 2024;103(10):E37359.","journal-title":"Med (United States)"},{"issue":"2","key":"1889_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-49.2.10","volume":"49","author":"PY Huang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huang PY, Chen WL, Lin CF, Lee HJ. Lower extremity biomechanics in athletes with ankle instability after a 6-week integrated training program. J Athl Train. 2014;49(2):163\u201372.","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"issue":"1","key":"1889_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21181","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-08101-3","volume":"15","author":"C Guo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guo C, Xu M. The effect of 8-week combined balance and plyometric training on change of direction performance of young badminton players. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):21181.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1889_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang PY, Jankaew A, Lin CF. Effects of plyometric and balance training on neuromuscular control of recreational athletes with functional ankle instability: A randomized controlled laboratory study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(10):5269.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18105269"},{"issue":"14","key":"1889_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e34080","volume":"10","author":"L Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang L, Zhou L, Gong W, Jiang G, Bao D, Manor B, et al. The effects of six weeks of combined balance and plyometric training on postural control performance in elite badminton players: A pilot randomized, controlled study. Heliyon. 2024;10(14):e34080.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"1889_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo Z, Huang Y, Zhou Z, Leng B, Gong W, Cui Y et al. The effect of 6-week combined balance and plyometric training on change of direction performance of elite badminton players. Front Psychol. 2021;12:684964.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.684964"},{"issue":"10","key":"1889_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.12690","volume":"14","author":"WSA Al Attar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Al Attar WSA, Husain MA. The effect of combining plyometrics exercises and balance exercises in improving dynamic balance among female college athletes: A randomized controlled trial. PM R. 2022;14(10):1177\u201387.","journal-title":"PM R"},{"key":"1889_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yan Y, Seoyoung P, Seomyeong H, Zhao Y. The effect of 12-week combined balance and plyometric training on dynamic balance and lower extremity injury risk in college dancers. Front Physiol. 2025;16:1501828.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2025.1501828"},{"key":"1889_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01611","volume":"9","author":"I Makhlouf","year":"2018","unstructured":"Makhlouf I, Chaouachi A, Chaouachi M, Ben Othman A, Granacher U, Behm DG. Combination of Agility and Plyometric Training Provides Similar Training Benefits as Combined Balance and Plyometric Training in Young Soccer Players. Front Physiol. 2018;9:1611.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"1889_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1743152","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2026.1743152","volume":"8","author":"T Muehlbauer","year":"2026","unstructured":"Muehlbauer T, Borgmann K, Limpach S, Krombholz D, Panzer S. Impact of unilateral single-mode balance training vs. combined balance and plyometric training on soccer players\u2019 interlimb asymmetry in balance and neuromuscular performance. Front Sports Act Living. 2026;8:1743152.","journal-title":"Front Sports Act Living"},{"issue":"3","key":"1889_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.2165\/11538560-000000000-00000","volume":"41","author":"C Hrysomallis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hrysomallis C. Balance Ability and Athletic Performance. Sports Med. 2011;41(3):221\u201332.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"1889_CR41","unstructured":"Shumway-Cook A, Woollacott MH. Motor control: translating research into clinical practice. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007."},{"key":"1889_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.00625","volume":"10","author":"I Di Giulio","year":"2019","unstructured":"Di Giulio I, Baltzopoulos V. Attainment of quiet standing in humans: are the lower limb joints controlled relative to a misaligned postural reference? Front Physiol. 2019;10:625.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1889_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0346232","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0346232","volume":"21","author":"G Feng","year":"2026","unstructured":"Feng G, Chen R, Wu C, Liu Y. The effects of combined balance and plyometric training on change-of-direction and dynamic balance: A meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2026;21(3):e0346232.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"1889_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2006.034322","volume":"92","author":"AJ Sargeant","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sargeant AJ. Structural and functional determinants of human muscle power. Exp Physiol. 2007;92(2):323\u201331.","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"1889_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brechue WF. Structure-function Relationships that Determine Sprint Performance and Running Speed in Sport. Int J Appl Sports Sci. 2011;23(2):313.","DOI":"10.24985\/ijass.2011.23.2.313"},{"key":"1889_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1683281","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2025.1683281","volume":"16","author":"S Ma","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ma S, Wang D, Soh KG, Wang X, Xu Y, Tu Q. The effects of plyometric training on athletic\u2019jump performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Physiol. 2025;16:1683281.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1889_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-023-01944-8","volume":"54","author":"JL Oliver","year":"2024","unstructured":"Oliver JL, Ramachandran AK, Singh U, Ramirez-Campillo R, Lloyd RS. The effects of strength, plyometric and combined training on strength, power and speed characteristics in high-level, highly trained male youth soccer players: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2024;54(3):623\u201343.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"1889_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2025.2477394","volume":"43","author":"U Bandara","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bandara U, Coltman CE, Portus M, Feros SA, Talukdar K, Spratford WA. What is the effect of strength and conditioning training interventions on mechanical stiffness? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sports Sci. 2025;43(8):776\u201395.","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"1889_CR49","unstructured":"Prvulovi\u0107 N, Martinovi\u0107 D, Kosti\u0107 L, Katani\u0107 B, editors. Differences in Explosive Strength in Athletics and Various Sports: A Systematic Review. Panteli\u0107, S(Ed): XXIII International Scientific Conference FIS Communications 2019 in Physical Education, Sports and Recreation; 2021."},{"issue":"2","key":"1889_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3182987059","volume":"28","author":"A Chaouachi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chaouachi A, Othman AB, Hammami R, Drinkwater EJ, Behm DG. The combination of plyometric and balance training improves sprint and shuttle run performances more often than plyometric-only training with children. J Strength Conditioning Res. 2014;28(2):401\u201312.","journal-title":"J Strength Conditioning Res"}],"container-title":["BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13102-026-01889-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13102-026-01889-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13102-026-01889-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T19:02:05Z","timestamp":1790449325000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s13102-026-01889-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1889"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13102-026-01889-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2052-1847"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2052-1847","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable. This is a desk-based study with no human subject involvement; therefore, no ethics approval was required.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"447"}}