{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T20:33:34Z","timestamp":1791837214016,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Res Notes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-015-1830-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,2]],"date-time":"2016-01-02T13:23:54Z","timestamp":1451741034000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Poor drug adherence and lack of awareness of hypertension among hypertensive stroke patients in Kampala, Uganda: a cross sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Isaac","family":"Mugwano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Kaddumukasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Levi","family":"Mugenyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Kayima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Ddumba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha","family":"Sajatovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cathy","family":"Sila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"DeGeorgia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elly","family":"Katabira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"1830_CR1","unstructured":"WHO CVD Strategy: cardiovascular diseases\u2014prevention and control 2001\u20132002. Geneva: WHO; 2002."},{"issue":"9524","key":"1830_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68770-9","volume":"367","author":"AD Lopez","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJ. Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data. Lancet. 2006;367(9524):1747\u201357.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1830_CR3","unstructured":"Global burden disease estimates ( http:\/\/www.who.int\/healthinfo\/global_burden_disease\/estimates_regional\/en\/ )."},{"issue":"10","key":"1830_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1161\/hs1001.096193","volume":"32","author":"J Fang","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fang J, Alderman MH. Trend of stroke hospitalization, United States, 1988-1997. Stroke. 2001;32(10):2221\u20136.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"9735","key":"1830_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60834-3","volume":"376","author":"MJ O\u2019Donnell","year":"2010","unstructured":"O\u2019Donnell MJ, Xavier D, Liu L, Zhang H, Chin SL, Rao-Melacini P, Rangarajan S, Islam S, Pais P, McQueen MJ, et al. Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. Lancet. 2010;376(9735):112\u201323.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"1830_CR6","first-page":"229","volume":"10","author":"HS Buttar","year":"2005","unstructured":"Buttar HS, Li T, Ravi N. Prevention of cardiovascular diseases: role of exercise, dietary interventions, obesity and smoking cessation. Exp Clin Cardiol. 2005;10(4):229\u201349.","journal-title":"Exp Clin Cardiol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1830_CR7","first-page":"51","volume":"325","author":"MO Owolabi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Owolabi MO, Agunloye AM. Risk factors for stroke among patients with hypertension: a case-control study. J Neurol Sci. 2012;325(1\u20132):51\u20136.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"1830_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2064","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0b013e318296aeca","volume":"44","author":"RL Sacco","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sacco RL, Kasner SE, Broderick JP, Caplan LR, Connors JJ, Culebras A, Elkind MS, George MG, Hamdan AD, Higashida RT, et al. An updated definition of stroke for the 21st century: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American heart association\/American stroke association. Stroke. 2013;44(7):2064\u201389.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"1","key":"1830_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.1.133","volume":"31","author":"M Grond","year":"2000","unstructured":"Grond M, von Kummer R, Sobesky J, Schmulling S, Rudolf J, Terstegge K, Heiss W. Early x-ray hypoattenuation of brain parenchyma indicates extended critical hypoperfusion in acute stroke. Stroke. 2000;31(1):133\u20139.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"1830_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S1052-5149(25)00068-1","volume":"2","author":"W Cohen","year":"1992","unstructured":"Cohen W, Wayman L. Computed tomography of intracranial hemorrhage. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 1992;2:75\u201387.","journal-title":"Neuroimaging Clin N Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"1830_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.10.079947","volume":"89","author":"GA Roth","year":"2011","unstructured":"Roth GA, Fihn SD, Mokdad AH, Aekplakorn W, Hasegawa T, Lim SS. High total serum cholesterol, medication coverage and therapeutic control: an analysis of national health examination survey data from eight countries. Bull World Health Organ. 2011;89(2):92\u2013101.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"1830_CR12","volume-title":"AUDIT: the alcohol use disorders identification test guidelines for use in primary care","year":"2001","unstructured":"Babor TF, Higgins-Biddle JC, Saunders JB, Monteiro MG, editors. AUDIT: the alcohol use disorders identification test guidelines for use in primary care. Geneva: WHO; 2001."},{"issue":"5","key":"1830_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7176.2008.07572.x","volume":"10","author":"DE Morisky","year":"2008","unstructured":"Morisky DE, Ang A, Krousel-Wood M, Ward HJ. Predictive validity of a medication adherence measure in an outpatient setting. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2008;10(5):348\u201354.","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)"},{"issue":"3","key":"1830_CR14","first-page":"239","volume":"63","author":"K Gurpreet","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gurpreet K, Tee GH, Karuthan C. Evaluation of the accuracy of the Omron HEM-907 blood pressure device. Med J Malaysia. 2008;63(3):239\u201343.","journal-title":"Med J Malaysia"},{"issue":"7","key":"1830_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.7.1507","volume":"28","author":"RL Sacco","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sacco RL, Benjamin EJ, Broderick JP, Dyken M, Easton JD, Feinberg WM, Goldstein LB, Gorelick PB, Howard G, Kittner SJ, et al. American heart association prevention conference. IV. Prevention and rehabilitation of stroke. Risk factors. Stroke. 1997;28(7):1507\u201317.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"9","key":"1830_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000177495.45580.f1","volume":"36","author":"AI Qureshi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Qureshi AI, Suri MF, Kirmani JF, Divani AA, Mohammad Y. Is prehypertension a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases? Stroke. 2005;36(9):1859\u201363.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"7","key":"1830_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.656850","volume":"115","author":"J Hsia","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hsia J, Margolis KL, Eaton CB, Wenger NK, Allison M, Wu L, LaCroix AZ, Black HR. Prehypertension and cardiovascular disease risk in the women\u2019s health initiative. Circulation. 2007;115(7):855\u201360.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"1830_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1159\/000362381","volume":"129","author":"EP Tsika","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tsika EP, Poulimenos LE, Boudoulas KD, Manolis AJ. The J-curve in arterial hypertension: fact or fallacy? Cardiology. 2014;129(2):126\u201335.","journal-title":"Cardiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"1830_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2008.01077.x","volume":"119","author":"MO Owolabi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Owolabi MO, Ugoya S, Platz T. Racial disparity in stroke risk factors: the Berlin-Ibadan experience; a retrospective study. Acta Neurol Scand. 2009;119(2):81\u20137.","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"issue":"9735","key":"1830_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60834-3","volume":"376","author":"MJ O\u2019Donnell","year":"2010","unstructured":"O\u2019Donnell MJ, Xavier D, Liu L, Zhang H, Chin SL, Rao-Melacini P, Rangarajan S, Islam S, Pais P, McQueen MJ, et al. Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. Lancet. 2010;376(9735):112\u201323.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"19","key":"1830_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2560","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.19.2560","volume":"289","author":"AV Chobanian","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL Jr, Jones DW, Materson BJ, Oparil S, Wright JT Jr, et al. The seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA. 2003;289(19):2560\u201372.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"1830_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200101043440101","volume":"344","author":"FM Sacks","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sacks FM, Svetkey LP, Vollmer WM, Appel LJ, Bray GA, Harsha D, Obarzanek E, Conlin PR, Miller ER 3rd, Simons-Morton DG, et al. Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet. dash-sodium collaborative research group. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(1):3\u201310.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"1830_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7176.2011.00464.x","volume":"13","author":"P Muntner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Muntner P, Halanych JH, Reynolds K, Durant R, Vupputuri S, Sung VW, Meschia JF, Howard VJ, Safford MM, Krousel-Wood M. Low medication adherence and the incidence of stroke symptoms among individuals with hypertension: the REGARDS study. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2011;13(7):479\u201386.","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)"},{"issue":"6","key":"1830_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-009-1240-1","volume":"25","author":"JE Bailey","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bailey JE, Wan JY, Tang J, Ghani MA, Cushman WC. Antihypertensive medication adherence, ambulatory visits, and risk of stroke and death. J Gen Intern Med. 2010;25(6):495\u2013503.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"1830_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1159\/000262311","volume":"29","author":"B Ovbiagele","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ovbiagele B, Campbell S, Faiz A, Chambless LE. Relationship between non-specific prescription pill adherence and ischemic stroke outcomes. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2010;29(2):146\u201353.","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"issue":"16","key":"1830_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1798","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.16.1798","volume":"167","author":"AK Gehi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gehi AK, Ali S, Na B, Whooley MA. Self-reported medication adherence and cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary heart disease: the heart and soul study. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167(16):1798\u2013803.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"22","key":"1830_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2884","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.724104","volume":"117","author":"M Heisler","year":"2008","unstructured":"Heisler M, Hogan MM, Hofer TP, Schmittdiel JA, Pladevall M, Kerr EA. When more is not better: treatment intensification among hypertensive patients with poor medication adherence. Circulation. 2008;117(22):2884\u201392.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"1830_CR28","first-page":"292","volume":"10","author":"Z Bahar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bahar Z, Kizilci S, Beser A, Besen DB, Gordes N, Ersin F, Kissal A, Capik C. Herbal therapies used by hypertensive patients in Turkey. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2012;10(2):292\u20138.","journal-title":"Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1830_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2009.02.007","volume":"93","author":"MA Krousel-Wood","year":"2009","unstructured":"Krousel-Wood MA, Muntner P, Islam T, Morisky DE, Webber LS. Barriers to and determinants of medication adherence in hypertension management: perspective of the cohort study of medication adherence among older adults. Med Clin North Am. 2009;93(3):753\u201369.","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"issue":"12","key":"1830_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7176.2008.00049.x","volume":"10","author":"L Vawter","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vawter L, Tong X, Gemilyan M, Yoon PW. Barriers to antihypertensive medication adherence among adults\u2014United States, 2005. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2008;10(12):922\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)"},{"issue":"3","key":"1830_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-013-9515-5","volume":"46","author":"RE O\u2019Carroll","year":"2013","unstructured":"O\u2019Carroll RE, Chambers JA, Dennis M, Sudlow C, Johnston M. Improving adherence to medication in stroke survivors: a pilot randomised controlled trial. Ann Behav Med. 2013;46(3):358\u201368.","journal-title":"Ann Behav Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1830_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1348\/2044-8287.002000","volume":"16","author":"JA Chambers","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chambers JA, O\u2019Carroll RE, Hamilton B, Whittaker J, Johnston M, Sudlow C, Dennis M. Adherence to medication in stroke survivors: a qualitative comparison of low and high adherers. Br J Health Psychol. 2011;16(3):592\u2013609.","journal-title":"Br J Health Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1830_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jash.2013.05.002","volume":"7","author":"DM Cummings","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cummings DM, Letter AJ, Howard G, Howard VJ, Safford MM, Prince V, Muntner P. Medication adherence and stroke\/TIA risk in treated hypertensives: results from the REGARDS study. J Am Soc Hypertens. 2013;7(5):363\u20139.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Hypertens"},{"issue":"3","key":"1830_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.133389","volume":"54","author":"AJ Rose","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rose AJ, Berlowitz DR, Manze M, Orner MB, Kressin NR. Intensifying therapy for hypertension despite suboptimal adherence. Hypertension. 2009;54(3):524\u20139.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"9","key":"1830_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199909000-00002","volume":"37","author":"PW Choo","year":"1999","unstructured":"Choo PW, Rand CS, Inui TS, Lee ML, Cain E, Cordeiro-Breault M, Canning C, Platt R. Validation of patient reports, automated pharmacy records, and pill counts with electronic monitoring of adherence to antihypertensive therapy. Med Care. 1999;37(9):846\u201357.","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"1830_CR36","first-page":"59","volume":"15","author":"M Krousel-Wood","year":"2009","unstructured":"Krousel-Wood M, Islam T, Webber LS, Re RN, Morisky DE, Muntner P. New medication adherence scale versus pharmacy fill rates in seniors with hypertension. Am J Manag Care. 2009;15(1):59\u201366.","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"1830_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Recommendations on stroke prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. Report of the WHO task force on stroke and other cerebrovascular disorders. Stroke. 1989; 20(10):1407\u201331.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.10.1407"}],"container-title":["BMC Research Notes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13104-015-1830-4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:35:59Z","timestamp":1748738159000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.biomedcentral.com\/1756-0500\/9\/3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,2]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1830"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13104-015-1830-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-0500"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-0500","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,2]]},"article-number":"3"}}