{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T09:47:32Z","timestamp":1770457652580,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590537600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012001","name":"Al Jalila Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21S098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21S098"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Res Notes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study evaluated hepatoprotective effect of aescin (AES) and diosmin (DIO), individually or in low-dose combination in chemically induced liver injury in rats. Rats were divided into 6 groups; Group 1, control, Group 2, injected with a single dose of a mixture of corn oil and carbon tetrachloride (CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) to induce hepatic toxicity. Before CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> injection, Groups 3\u20136 were treated daily for 14\u00a0days with silymarin (SIL) (200\u00a0mg\/kg), aescin (AES; 3.6 &amp; 1.75\u00a0mg\/kg), Diosmin (DIO; 100 &amp; 50\u00a0mg\/kg). Serum samples were analyzed for different liver function, oxidative stress and antioxidant markers. Moreover, inflammation and tissue damage were confirmed by histological staining of liver tissue sections.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Results indicated that CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> elevated serum levels of all assessed liver function markers and decreased levels of key antioxidants. Administration of AES and\/or DIO significantly reversed all those CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>-induced effects. Histopathological study showed disruption of the hepatic architecture, necrosis and inflammatory cells and depositions of glycogen and protein in the tissues of CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>-treated group. Pretreatment with DIO and\/or AES significantly improved histopathological structure of liver tissue. In conclusion, low-dose combination of AES and DIO exhibited significant and preferential hepatoprotective activity compared to individual treatment with AES or DIO.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-020-05094-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T11:03:40Z","timestamp":1590577420000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Aescin and diosmin each alone or in low dose- combination ameliorate liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sara Mahmmoud","family":"EL-Dakhly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9870-5583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abeer Abdallah Ali","family":"Salama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8568-1033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soha Osama Mahmoud","family":"Hassanin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7641-2886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noha Nazeeh","family":"Yassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alaaeldin Ahmed","family":"Hamza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8888-1102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amr","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"5094_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27406","volume":"60","author":"FS Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang FS, Fan JG, Zhang Z, Gao B, Wang HY. The global burden of liver disease: the major impact of China. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD). 2014;60(6):2099\u2013108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.27406(Epub 2014\/08\/29).","journal-title":"Hepatology (Baltimore, MD)"},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2013.08.015","volume":"37","author":"DK Ingawale","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ingawale DK, Mandlik SK, Naik SR. Models of hepatotoxicity and the underlying cellular, biochemical and immunological mechanism (s): a critical discussion. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2014;37(1):118\u201333.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"5094_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1515\/znc-2001-7-826","volume":"56","author":"M Boll","year":"2001","unstructured":"Boll M, Lutz W, Becker E, Stampfl A. Mechanism of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity. Hepatocellular damage by reactive carbon tetrachloride metabolites. Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Naturforschung C. 2001;56(7\u20138):649\u201359.","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Naturforschung C."},{"key":"5094_CR4","first-page":"1","volume":"8","author":"AA Hamza","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hamza AA, Heeba GH, Elwy HM, Murali C, El-Awady R, Amin A. Molecular characterization of the grape seeds extract\u2019s effect against chemically induced liver cancer: in vivo and in vitro analyses. Sci Rep. 2018;8:1\u201316.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"5094_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.2016.3769","volume":"50","author":"R El-Kharrag","year":"2017","unstructured":"El-Kharrag R, Amin A, Hisaindee S, Greish Y, Karam SM. Development of a therapeutic model of precancerous liver using crocin-coated magnetite nanoparticles. Int J Oncol. 2017;50:212\u201322.","journal-title":"Int J Oncol"},{"key":"5094_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.2174\/1574892810666151102110248","volume":"11","author":"A Amin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Amin A, Hamza AA, Daoud S, Khazanehdari K, Al Hrout A, Baig B, Chaiboonchoe A, Adrian TE, Zaki N, Salehi-Ashtiani K. Saffron-based crocin prevents early lesions of liver cancer: in vivo, in vitro & network analyses. Recent Patents Anti Cancer Drug Discov. 2016;11:121\u201333.","journal-title":"Recent Patents Anti Cancer Drug Discov"},{"issue":"3","key":"5094_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1093\/abbs\/gmq129","volume":"43","author":"A Amin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Amin A, Mahmoud-Ghoneim D. Texture analysis of liver fibrosis microscopic images: a study on the effect of biomarkers. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin. 2011;43(3):193\u2013203.","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Biophys Sin"},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.2478\/v10019-009-0006-z","volume":"43","author":"D Mahmoud-Ghoneim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mahmoud-Ghoneim D, Amin A, Corr P. MRI-based texture analysis, a potential technique to assess protectors against induced-liver fibrosis in rats. Radiol Oncol. 2009;43(1):30\u201340.","journal-title":"Radiol Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5094_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.3923\/ijp.2008.169.176","volume":"4","author":"A Amin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Amin A. Chemopreventive effect of chlorella on the antioxidant system in DMBA-induced oxidative stress in liver. Int J Pharmacol. 2008;4(3):169\u201376.","journal-title":"Int J Pharmacol"},{"key":"5094_CR10","first-page":"692","volume":"20","author":"AGS Celep","year":"2002","unstructured":"Celep AGS, Yilmaz S, Coruh N. Antioxidant capacity and cytotoxicity of Aesculus hippocastanum on breast cancer MCF-7 cells. J Food Drug Anal. 2002;20:692\u20138.","journal-title":"J Food Drug Anal"},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1631\/jzus.2005.B0028","volume":"6","author":"G-m Xiao","year":"2005","unstructured":"Xiao G-m, Wei J. Effects of \u03b2-Aescin on the expression of nuclear factor-\u03baB and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 after traumatic brain injury in rats. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2005;6(1):28.","journal-title":"J Zhejiang Univ Sci B"},{"issue":"12","key":"5094_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.20762","volume":"50","author":"DB Ji","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ji DB, Xu B, Liu JT, Ran FX, Cui JR. beta-Escin sodium inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase expression via downregulation of the JAK\/STAT pathway in A549 cells. Mol Carcinog. 2011;50(12):945\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mc.20762(Epub 2011\/03\/15).","journal-title":"Mol Carcinog"},{"issue":"4","key":"5094_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2010.08.013","volume":"18","author":"W Xin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Xin W, Zhang L, Sun F, Jiang N, Fan H, Wang T, et al. Escin exerts synergistic anti-inflammatory effects with low doses of glucocorticoids in vivo and in vitro. Phytomedicine. 2011;18(4):272\u20137.","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"14","key":"5094_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2011.06.011","volume":"18","author":"N Jiang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jiang N, Xin W, Wang T, Zhang L, Fan H, Du Y, et al. Protective effect of aescin from the seeds of Aesculus hippocastanum on liver injury induced by endotoxin in mice. Phytomedicine. 2011;18(14):1276\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2011.06.011(Epub 2011\/08\/02).","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"5094_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2012.479","volume":"3","author":"Y Du","year":"2012","unstructured":"Du Y, Wang T, Jiang N, Ren R-T, Li C, Li C-K, et al. Sodium aescinate ameliorates liver injury induced by methyl parathion in rats. Exp Ther Med. 2012;3(5):818\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2012.479(Epub 02\/13).","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2016.1275023","volume":"55","author":"H Singh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Singh H, Sidhu S, Chopra K, Khan M. The novel role of \u03b2-aescin in attenuating CCL4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Pharm Biol. 2017;55(1):749\u201357.","journal-title":"Pharm Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR17","first-page":"141","volume":"15","author":"M Szyma\u0144ski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Szyma\u0144ski M, M\u0142ynarek D, Szyma\u0144ski A, Mat\u0142awska I. Simultaneous determination of diosmin and hesperidin in pharmaceuticals by RPLC using ionic liquids as mobile phase modifiers. Iran J Pharm Res. 2016;15(1):141\u20138.","journal-title":"Iran J Pharm Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2174\/1570161052773870","volume":"3","author":"K Katsenis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Katsenis K. Micronized purified flavonoid fraction (MPFF): a review of its pharmacological effects, therapeutic efficacy and benefits in the management of chronic venous insufficiency. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2005;3(1):1\u20139 (Epub 2005\/01\/12).","journal-title":"Curr Vasc Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5094_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2012.12.010","volume":"47","author":"M Tahir","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tahir M, Rehman MU, Lateef A, Khan R, Khan AQ, Qamar W, et al. Diosmin protects against ethanol-induced hepatic injury via alleviation of inflammation and regulation of TNF-alpha and NF-kappaB activation. Alcohol. 2013;47(2):131\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.alcohol.2012.12.010(Epub 2013\/02\/20).","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"key":"5094_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3281670","volume":"2017","author":"MM Abdel-Daim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abdel-Daim MM, Khalifa HA, Abushouk AI, Dkhil MA, Al-Quraishy SA. Diosmin attenuates methotrexate-induced hepatic, renal, and cardiac injury: a biochemical and histopathological study in mice. Oxidative Med Cell Longevity. 2017;2017:10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2017\/3281670.","journal-title":"Oxidative Med Cell Longevity."},{"key":"5094_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.3923\/ijp.2017.529.540","volume":"13","author":"AM Abdel-Reheim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abdel-Reheim AM, Messiha BS, Abo-Saif A. Hepatoprotective effect of diosmin on iron-induced liver damage. Int J Pharmacol. 2017;13:529\u201340.","journal-title":"Int J Pharmacol."},{"issue":"36","key":"5094_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27931","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-017-0232-7","volume":"24","author":"G Eraslan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Eraslan G, Sarica ZS, Bayram LC, Tekeli MY, Kanbur M, Karabacak M. The effects of diosmin on aflatoxin-induced liver and kidney damage. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017;24(36):27931\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-017-0232-7(Epub 2017\/10\/11).","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"5094_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1007\/s12012-017-9422-2","volume":"18","author":"S Sharmila Queenthy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sharmila Queenthy S, Stanely Mainzen Prince P, John B. Diosmin prevents isoproterenol-induced heart mitochondrial oxidative stress in rats. Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2018;18(2):120\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12012-017-9422-2(Epub 2017\/08\/19).","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Toxicol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5094_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2012.02.025","volume":"50","author":"CC Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li CC, Hsiang CY, Wu SL, Ho TY. Identification of novel mechanisms of silymarin on the carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice by nuclear factor-kappaB bioluminescent imaging-guided transcriptomic analysis. Food Chem Toxicol. 2012;50(5):1568\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fct.2012.02.025(Epub 2012\/03\/06).","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"5094_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.3923\/ijp.2016.644.654","volume":"12","author":"MO Germoush","year":"2016","unstructured":"Germoush MO. Diosmin protects against cyclophosphamide-induced liver injury through attenuation of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Int J Pharmacol. 2016;12:644\u201354.","journal-title":"Int J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR26","first-page":"131","volume":"16","author":"RD Hotchkiss","year":"1948","unstructured":"Hotchkiss RD. A microchemical reaction resulting in the staining of polysaccharide structures in fixed tissue preparations. Arch Biochem. 1948;16(1):131\u201341 (Epub 1948\/01\/01).","journal-title":"Arch Biochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.2307\/1538691","volume":"104","author":"D Mazia","year":"1953","unstructured":"Mazia D, Brewer PA, Alfert M. The Cytochemical staining and measurement of protein with mercuric bromphenol blue. Biol Bull. 1953;104(1):57\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/1538691.","journal-title":"Biol Bull"},{"issue":"2","key":"5094_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1080\/713611034","volume":"33","author":"LW Weber","year":"2003","unstructured":"Weber LW, Boll M, Stampfl A. Hepatotoxicity and mechanism of action of haloalkanes: carbon tetrachloride as a toxicological model. Crit Rev Toxicol. 2003;33(2):105\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/713611034(Epub 2003\/04\/24).","journal-title":"Crit Rev Toxicol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5094_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2011.580351","volume":"50","author":"AS Awaad","year":"2012","unstructured":"Awaad AS, Soliman GA, El-Sayed DF, El-Gindi OD, Alqasoumi SI. Hepatoprotective activity of Cyperus alternifolius on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Pharm Biol. 2012;50(2):155\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/13880209.2011.580351(Epub 2012\/01\/13).","journal-title":"Pharm Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"5094_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s12291-017-0732-8","volume":"34","author":"K Jayesh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jayesh K, Helen LR, Vysakh A, Binil E, Latha. Protective role of Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb fruits against CCL4 induced oxidative stress and liver injury in rodent model. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2019;34(2):155\u201363.","journal-title":"Indian J Clin Biochem"},{"issue":"8","key":"5094_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0202362","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0202362","volume":"13","author":"OH Abdelhafez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Abdelhafez OH, Fawzy MA, Fahim JR, Desoukey SY, Krischke M, Mueller MJ, et al. Hepatoprotective potential of Malvaviscus arboreus against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(8):e0202362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0202362.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"5094_CR32","first-page":"596","volume":"57","author":"OM Abdel Salam","year":"2005","unstructured":"Abdel Salam OM, Baiuomy AR, El-Shenawy SM, Hassan NS. Effect of pentoxifylline on hepatic injury caused in the rat by the administration of carbon tetrachloride or acetaminophen. Pharmacol Rep. 2005;57(5):596\u2013603.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2006.07.001","volume":"39","author":"M Valko","year":"2007","unstructured":"Valko M, Leibfritz D, Moncol J, Cronin MT, Mazur M, Telser J. Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2007;39(1):44\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biocel.2006.07.001(Epub 2006\/09\/19).","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5094_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1179\/174329210X12650506623807","volume":"15","author":"T Nakajima","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nakajima T, Tanaka N, Li G, Hu R, Kamijo Y, Hara A, et al. Effect of bezafibrate on hepatic oxidative stress: comparison between conventional experimental doses and clinically-relevant doses in mice. Redox Rep. 2010;15(3):123\u201330.","journal-title":"Redox Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"5094_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26625","volume":"59","author":"B Saberi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Saberi B, Ybanez MD, Johnson HS, Gaarde WA, Han D, Kaplowitz N. Protein kinase C (PKC) participates in acetaminophen hepatotoxicity through c-jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK)-dependent and-independent signaling pathways. Hepatology. 2014;59(4):1543\u201354.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"18","key":"5094_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4607","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20184607","volume":"20","author":"SJ Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee SJ, Kim SJ, Lee H-S, Kwon O-S. PKC\u03b4 mediates NF-\u03baB inflammatory response and downregulates SIRT1 expression in liver fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(18):4607.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"}],"container-title":["BMC Research Notes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13104-020-05094-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13104-020-05094-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13104-020-05094-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T23:43:54Z","timestamp":1622072634000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13104-020-05094-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5094"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13104-020-05094-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-0500"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-0500","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 March 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 May 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 May 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All procedures in the animal studies complied with and are approved in accordance with the Ethics Committee of the National Research Centre and followed the recommendations of the National Institutes of Health Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"259"}}