{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T13:34:56Z","timestamp":1763040896504,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762992000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Res Notes"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-025-07526-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T13:31:54Z","timestamp":1763040714000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Community beliefs, risk factors, and preventive practices of snakebite: a local study with global perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"F. M. M. T.","family":"Marikar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. M. P.","family":"Herath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. M. H. S. K.","family":"Banneheka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. M. A. S.","family":"Bandara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. M. M. C.","family":"Amarakoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"7526_CR1","first-page":"837","volume-title":"A strategy for prevention and control","author":"WS Envenoming","year":"2019","unstructured":"Envenoming WS. A strategy for prevention and control. WHO: Geneva; 2019. pp. 837\u20138."},{"issue":"4","key":"7526_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1018","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001018","volume":"5","author":"B Mohapatra","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mohapatra B, Warrell DA, Suraweera W, Bhatia P, Dhingra N, Jotkar RM, Rodriguez PS, Mishra K, Whitaker R, Jha P. Million death study Collaborators. Snakebite mortality in india: a nationally representative mortality survey. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011;5(4):e1018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001018.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"7526_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.4997\/jrcpe.2021.102","volume":"51","author":"HS Bawaskar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bawaskar HS, Bawaskar PH, Bawaskar PH. The global burden of snake bite envenoming. J Royal Coll Physicians Edinb. 2021;51(1):7\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4997\/jrcpe.2021.102.","journal-title":"J Royal Coll Physicians Edinb"},{"key":"7526_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kasturiratne A, Pathmeswaran A, Wickremasinghe AR, Jayamanne SF, Dawson A, Isbister GK et al. The socio-economic burden of snakebite in Sri Lanka. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2017; 11(7): e0005647. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005647. (2).","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005647"},{"key":"7526_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Whitehall JS. Snake bites in north east Sri Lanka. Rural and Remote Health. 2007; 7(4): 1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22605\/RRH751.","DOI":"10.22605\/RRH751"},{"issue":"4","key":"7526_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1080\/26896583.2020.1852012","volume":"38","author":"RA Faleel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Faleel RA, Jayawardena UA. Progression of potential etiologies of the chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology in Sri Lanka. J Environ Sci Health Part C. 2020;38(4):362\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/26896583.2020.1852012.","journal-title":"J Environ Sci Health Part C"},{"key":"7526_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Silva A, Hlusicka J, Siribaddana N, Waiddyanatha S, Pilapitiya S, Weerawansa P et al. Time delays in treatment of snakebite patients in rural Sri Lanka and the need for rapid diagnostic tests. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020; 14(11): e0008914. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008914.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008914"},{"key":"7526_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxcx.2021.100066","volume":"9","author":"JM Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guti\u00e9rrez JM, Maduwage K, Iliyasu G, Habib A. Snakebite envenoming in different National contexts: Costa Rica, Sri Lanka, and Nigeria. Toxicon: X. 2021;9:100066. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxcx.2021.100066. (6).","journal-title":"Toxicon: X"},{"key":"7526_CR9","unstructured":"Kumari MG, Jayasinghe JM. A comparative study of Ayurveda and traditional treatment (Vedda community) modalities of snake bite in Sri Lanka. Young Ayurveda Researchers\u2019 and Innovators\u2019 Symposium (YARIS\u20132019), Institutional Research Committee, Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute, University of Kelaniya, Yakkala. 2019."},{"key":"7526_CR10","unstructured":"Karunarathna S, Poyarkov NA, Amarasinghe C, Surasinghe T, Bushuev AV, Madawala M et al. A new species of the genus Ceratophora Gray, 1835 (Reptilia: Agamidae) from a lowland rainforest in Sri Lanka, with insights on rostral appendage evolution in Sri Lankan Agamid lizards. Amphibian Reptile Conserv. 2020; 14(3): 103\u2009\u2013\u200926."},{"issue":"1","key":"7526_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650.2022.2147843","volume":"61","author":"S Waiddyanatha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Waiddyanatha S, Silva A, Weerakoon K, Siribaddana S, Isbister GK. Does snake envenoming cause chronic kidney disease? A cohort study in rural Sri Lanka. Clin Toxicol. 2023;61(1):47\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15563650.2022.2147843.","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7526_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e003658","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo-2025-003658","volume":"9","author":"K Dayasiri","year":"2025","unstructured":"Dayasiri K, Perera T, Gawarammana I, Jayamanne S. Caught between fear and tradition: parental knowledge, beliefs and emergency responses to paediatric snakebites in rural Sri Lanka. BMJ Paediatrics Open. 2025;9(1):e003658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjpo-2025-003658.","journal-title":"BMJ Paediatrics Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"7526_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmrp.2020.07.013","volume":"10","author":"G Narayana","year":"2020","unstructured":"Narayana G, Pradeepkumar B, Ramaiah JD, Jayasree T, Yadav DL, Kumar BK. Knowledge, perception, and practices towards COVID-19 pandemic among general public of india: a cross-sectional online survey. Curr Med Res Pract. 2020;10(4):153\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmrp.2020.07.013.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"7526_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1080\/10871209.2021.1952357","volume":"27","author":"Y Musah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Musah Y, Attuquayefio DK, Pobee AN, Holbech LH. Ophidiophobia, myth generation, and human perceptions: implications for snake conservation in a typical savanna community of Northern Ghana. Hum Dimensions Wildl. 2022;27(4):321\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10871209.2021.1952357.","journal-title":"Hum Dimensions Wildl"},{"issue":"1","key":"7526_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-016-0092-0","volume":"12","author":"DP Pandey","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pandey DP, Subedi Pandey G, Devkota K, Goode M. Public perceptions of snakes and snakebite management: implications for conservation and human health in Southern Nepal. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2016;12(1):22. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13002-016-0092-0.","journal-title":"J Ethnobiol Ethnomed"},{"issue":"2","key":"7526_CR16","first-page":"345","volume":"16","author":"E Eid","year":"2021","unstructured":"Eid E, Al Awaji M, Nasarat H, Alhiyasat A. Perceptions and knowledge towards snakes: a study from Jordan. Herpetol Conserv Biol. 2021;16(2):345\u201354.","journal-title":"Herpetol Conserv Biol"},{"issue":"9","key":"7526_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0010723","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010723","volume":"16","author":"S Waiddyanatha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Waiddyanatha S, Silva A, Weerakoon K, Siribaddana S, Isbister GK. Long-term health effects perceived by snakebite patients in rural Sri lanka: a cohort study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2022;16(9):e0010723. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010723.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"7526_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6673-9-20","volume":"9","author":"A Silva","year":"2014","unstructured":"Silva A, Marikar F, Murugananthan A, Agampodi S. Awareness and perceptions on prevention, first aid and treatment of snakebites among Sri Lankan farmers: a knowledge practice mismatch? J Occup Med Toxicol. 2014;9(1):1\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1745-6673-9-20.","journal-title":"J Occup Med Toxicol"},{"key":"7526_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Darshani S, Gnanathasan A, Arambepola C, Chang T. Knowledge on prevention, diagnosis and treatment of snakebite envenoming among doctors in snakebite-dense regions in Sri Lanka. Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2021; 115(9): 984\u2009\u2013\u200991. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/trstmh\/trab112.","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trab112"},{"issue":"1","key":"7526_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-023-04375-1","volume":"23","author":"S Shahmy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shahmy S, Kularatne SA, Gawarammana IB, Rathnayake SS, Dawson AH. Compliance with National snakebite treatment guidelines in rural Sri Lankan hospitals: a cluster randomized controlled trial of a brief educational intervention. BMC Med Educ. 2023;23(1):1\u20131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12909-023-04375-1.","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"7526_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2020.08.025","volume":"187","author":"S Thalgaspitiya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thalgaspitiya S, Isbister G, Ukuwela K, Sarathchandra C, Senanayake H, Lokunarangoda N, et al. Bites by snakes of lesser medical importance in a cohort of snakebite patients from rural Sri Lanka. Toxicon. 2020;187:105\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxicon.2020.08.025.","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"7526_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nann S. How beliefs in traditional healers impact on the use of allopathic medicine: In the case of indigenous snakebite in Eswatini. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2021; 15(9): e0009731. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009731.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009731"},{"key":"7526_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Marikar F. Solution for the Neglected Problem of Snake Bite Envenoming in Sri Lanka. MOJ Toxicol. 2015; 1(2): 00006. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15406\/mojt.2015.01.00006.","DOI":"10.15406\/mojt.2015.01.00006"},{"issue":"1","key":"7526_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2011.10.008","volume":"59","author":"JP Chippaux","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chippaux JP. Epidemiology of snakebites in europe: a systematic review of the literature. Toxicon. 2012;59(1):86\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxicon.2011.10.008.","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"7526_CR25","unstructured":"Wilcox C. Cheap innovative venom treatments could save tens-of-thousands of snakebite victims. Sci News. 2020. (18)."},{"key":"7526_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mwangi VI, Mumo RM, Nyachieo A, Onkoba N. Herbal medicine in the treatment of poverty associated parasitic diseases: a case of sub-Saharan Africa. J Herb Med. 2017; 10: 1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hermed.2017.03.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hermed.2017.03.002"},{"key":"7526_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Betancur I, Gogineni V, Salazar-Ospina A, Le\u00f3n F. Perspective on the therapeutics of anti-snake venom. Molecules. 2019; 24(18): 3276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules24183276","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24183276"},{"key":"7526_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chippaux JP, Stock RP, Massougbodji A. Antivenom safety and tolerance for the strategy of snake enven-omation management. Snake Venoms. 2015:1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-007-6648-8_25-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-6648-8_25-1"},{"key":"7526_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Azam AW, Jayasuriya KG, Musthafa MM, Marikar FM. Sri Lanka is a hot spot for illegal transnational trading of biodiversity and wildlife materials from South Asian region. J Transp Sec. 2016; 9: 71\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12198-016-0167-0.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12198-016-0167-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"7526_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1067\/men.2003.6","volume":"29","author":"D Gunnels","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gunnels D, Gunnels MD. Snakebite poisoning: treatment Myths and facts (CE). J Emerg Nurs. 2003;29(1):80\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/men.2003.6","journal-title":"J Emerg Nurs"},{"issue":"4","key":"7526_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2009.09-0225","volume":"81","author":"CA Ariaratnam","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ariaratnam CA, Sheriff MH, Arambepola C, Theakston RD, Warrell DA. Syndromic approach to treatment of snake bite in Sri Lanka based on results of a prospective National hospital-based survey of patients envenomed by identified snakes. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2009;81(4):725\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.2009.09-0225.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"10","key":"7526_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0008668","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008668","volume":"14","author":"KP Maduwage","year":"2020","unstructured":"Maduwage KP, Gawarammana IB, Gutierrez JM, Kottege C, Dayaratne R, Premawardena NP, et al. Enzyme immunoassays for detection and quantification of venoms of Sri Lankan snakes: application in the clinical setting. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020;14(10):e0008668. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008668.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"7526_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Patra A, Kalita B, Khadilkar MV, Salvi NC, Shelke PV, Mukherjee AK. Assessment of quality and pre-clinical efficacy of a newly developed polyvalent antivenom against the medically important snakes of Sri Lanka. Scientific Reports. 2021; 11(1): 18238. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-97501-2.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-97501-2"}],"container-title":["BMC Research Notes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13104-025-07526-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13104-025-07526-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13104-025-07526-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T13:31:55Z","timestamp":1763040715000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13104-025-07526-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7526"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13104-025-07526-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-0500"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-0500","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"479"}}