{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T01:14:33Z","timestamp":1778721273994,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775174400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":41,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Res Notes"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-026-07799-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T10:04:36Z","timestamp":1775210676000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Burden, spectrum, and treatment gaps in cardiac diseases in Ethiopia: an 11-year analysis of 10,999 patients at a National Charity Cardiac Center"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9562-2782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Nasir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2860-3937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sura","family":"Markos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miklol","family":"Mengistu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kefelegn","family":"Dejene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"7799_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665108006058","volume":"67","author":"P Amuna","year":"2008","unstructured":"Amuna P, Zotor FB. Epidemiological and nutritional transition in developing countries: impact on human health and development. Proc Nutr Soc. 2008;67(1):82\u201390.","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"issue":"7233","key":"7799_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7233.467","volume":"320","author":"R Watson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Watson R. Heart disease rising in central and eastern Europe. BMJ. 2000;320(7233):467.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"40","key":"7799_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2696","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv428","volume":"36","author":"N Townsend","year":"2015","unstructured":"Townsend N, Nichols M, Scarborough P, Rayner M. Cardiovascular disease in Europe\u2014epidemiological update 2015. Eur Heart J. 2015;36(40):2696\u2013705.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"42","key":"7799_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3232","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw334","volume":"37","author":"N Townsend","year":"2016","unstructured":"Townsend N, Wilson L, Bhatnagar P, Wickramasinghe K, Rayner M, Nichols M. Cardiovascular disease in Europe: epidemiological update 2016. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(42):3232\u201345.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"7799_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008335","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.1008335","volume":"9","author":"NW Minja","year":"2022","unstructured":"Minja NW, Nakagaayi D, Aliku T, Zhang W, Ssinabulya I, Nabaale J, et al. Cardiovascular diseases in Africa in the twenty-first century: gaps and priorities going forward. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022;9:1008335.","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"7799_CR6","first-page":"74","volume":"2","author":"AO Mocumbi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mocumbi AO. Lack of focus on cardiovascular disease in sub-Saharan Africa. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2012;2(1):74.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diagn Ther"},{"issue":"17","key":"7799_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.008720","volume":"132","author":"GA Roth","year":"2015","unstructured":"Roth GA, Huffman MD, Moran AE, Feigin V, Mensah GA, Naghavi M, Murray CJ. Global and regional patterns in cardiovascular mortality from 1990 to 2013. Circulation. 2015;132(17):1667\u201378.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"23","key":"7799_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20610","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000020593","volume":"99","author":"W Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu W, He J, Shao X. Incidence and mortality trend of congenital heart disease at the global, regional, and national level, 1990\u20132017. Med (Baltim). 2020;99(23):e20610.","journal-title":"Med (Baltim)"},{"key":"7799_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mebrahtom G, Hailay A, Aberhe W, Zereabruk K, Haile T. Rheumatic heart disease in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Rheumatol. 2023;2023:Article ID 123456.","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/8834443"},{"issue":"25","key":"7799_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010","volume":"76","author":"GA Roth","year":"2020","unstructured":"Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, Addolorato G, Ammirati E, Baddour LM, et al. Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990\u20132019: update from the GBD 2019 study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;76(25):2982\u20133021.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"24","key":"7799_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2016-309573","volume":"102","author":"P Bhatnagar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bhatnagar P, Wickramasinghe K, Wilkins E, Townsend N. Trends in the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in the UK. Heart. 2016;102(24):1945\u201352.","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"3","key":"7799_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2019.04.039","volume":"159","author":"D Vervoort","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vervoort D, Meuris B, Meyns B, Verbrugghe P. Global cardiac surgery: access to cardiac surgical care around the world. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2020;159(3):987\u201396.","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"7799_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2020.05.181","volume":"111","author":"D Vervoort","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vervoort D, Swain JD, Pezzella AT, Kpodonu J. Cardiac surgery in low- and middle-income countries: a state-of-the-art review. Ann Thorac Surg. 2021;111(4):1394\u2013400.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"10064","key":"7799_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32185-7","volume":"389","author":"B Zheleva","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zheleva B, Atwood JB. The invisible child: childhood heart disease in global health. Lancet. 2017;389(10064):16\u20138.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"7799_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4174","DOI":"10.1097\/MS9.0000000000001054","volume":"85","author":"WA Awuah","year":"2023","unstructured":"Awuah WA, Adebusoye FT, Wellington J, Ghosh S, Tenkorang PO, Machai PN, et al. A reflection of Africa\u2019s cardiac surgery capacity to manage congenital heart defects: a perspective. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2023;85:4174\u201381.","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg (Lond)"},{"issue":"1","key":"7799_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.5334\/gh.1197","volume":"18","author":"D Ahadzi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ahadzi D, Gaye B, Commodore-Mensah Y. Advancing the cardiovascular workforce in Africa to tackle the epidemic of cardiovascular disease: the time is now. Glob Heart. 2023;18(1):9.","journal-title":"Glob Heart"},{"key":"7799_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665108006058","volume":"67","author":"P Amuna","year":"2008","unstructured":"Amuna P, Zotor F. The epidemiological and nutrition transition in developing countries: evolving trends and their impact on public health and human development. Proc Nutr Soc. 2008;67:32\u201390.","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"key":"7799_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-015-0551-6","volume":"72","author":"R Sun","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sun R, Liu M, Lu L, Zheng Y, Zhang P. Congenital heart disease: causes, diagnosis, symptoms, and treatments. Cell Biochem Biophys. 2015;72:857\u201360.","journal-title":"Cell Biochem Biophys"},{"issue":"3","key":"7799_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1159\/000354221","volume":"126","author":"KD Boudoulas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Boudoulas KD, Borer JS, Boudoulas H. Etiology of valvular heart disease in the 21st century. Cardiology. 2013;126(3):139\u201352.","journal-title":"Cardiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"7799_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2012.7","volume":"9","author":"B Rem\u00e9nyi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rem\u00e9nyi B, Wilson N, Steer A, Ferreira B, Kado J, Kumar K, et al. World Heart Federation criteria for echocardiographic diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease\u2014an evidence-based guideline. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2012;9(5):297\u2013309.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"7799_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/S0894-7317(03)00335-3","volume":"16","author":"WA Zoghbi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zoghbi WA, Enriquez-Sarano M, Foster E, Grayburn PA, Kraft CD, Levine RA, et al. Recommendations for evaluation of the severity of native valvular regurgitation with two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2003;16(7):777\u2013802.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"25","key":"7799_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1159","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000503","volume":"135","author":"RA Nishimura","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Erwin JP III, Fleisher LA, et al. 2017 AHA\/ACC focused update of the 2014 AHA\/ACC guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease. Circulation. 2017;135(25):e1159\u201395.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"7799_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCGENETICS.112.962894","volume":"5","author":"R Padang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Padang R, Bagnall RD, Semsarian C. Genetic basis of familial valvular heart disease. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2012;5(5):569\u201380.","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Genet"},{"key":"7799_CR24","volume-title":"Definition and classification of the cardiomyopathies. UpToDate","author":"LT Cooper","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cooper LT. Definition and classification of the cardiomyopathies. UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate; 2015."},{"key":"7799_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0084-1","volume":"5","author":"HP Schultheiss","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schultheiss HP, Fairweather D, Caforio AL, Escher F, Hershberger RE, Lipshultz SE, et al. Dilated cardiomyopathy. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2019;5:32.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"7","key":"7799_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.309396","volume":"121","author":"EM McNally","year":"2017","unstructured":"McNally EM, Mestroni L. Dilated cardiomyopathy: genetic determinants and mechanisms. Circ Res. 2017;121(7):731\u201348.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"7799_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.311059","volume":"121","author":"AJ Marian","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marian AJ, Braunwald E. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: genetics, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and therapy. Circ Res. 2017;121(7):749\u201370.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"7799_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.310982","volume":"121","author":"E Muchtar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Muchtar E, Blauwet LA, Gertz MA. Restrictive cardiomyopathy: genetics, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and therapy. Circ Res. 2017;121(7):819\u201337.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"7799_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.12720\/ijoee.2.1.57-61","volume":"2","author":"S mad","year":"2014","unstructured":"mad S, Khan SA, Haq A, Riaz A. Classification of arrhythmia. Int J Electr Energy. 2014;2(1):57\u201361.","journal-title":"Int J Electr Energy"},{"issue":"1","key":"7799_CR30","first-page":"177","volume":"12","author":"MA Fagiry","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fagiry MA, Hassan IA, Mahmoud MZ. Two-dimensional echocardiography in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease. J Radiat Res Appl Sci. 2019;12(1):177\u201385.","journal-title":"J Radiat Res Appl Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"7799_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e010841","DOI":"10.1136\/heartasia-2016-010829","volume":"9","author":"D Yadeta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yadeta D, Guteta S, Alemayehu B, Mekonnen D, Gedlu E, Benti H, et al. Spectrum of cardiovascular diseases in six main referral hospitals of Ethiopia. Heart Asia. 2017;9(2):e010841.","journal-title":"Heart Asia"},{"key":"7799_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205475","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1205475","volume":"10","author":"SK Masenga","year":"2023","unstructured":"Masenga SK, Kirabo A. Hypertensive heart disease: risk factors, complications, and mechanisms. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023;10:1205475.","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"7799_CR33","first-page":"413","volume":"97","author":"C Armstrong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Armstrong C. High blood pressure: ACC\/AHA releases updated guideline. Am Fam Physician. 2018;97(6):413\u20135.","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"7799_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.21470\/1678-9741-2019-0199","volume":"35","author":"M Joshi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Joshi M, Kumar S, Noshirwani A, Harky A. The current management of cardiac tumours: a comprehensive literature review. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg. 2020;35:770\u201380.","journal-title":"Braz J Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"7799_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.04.003","volume":"82","author":"WC Members","year":"2023","unstructured":"Members WC, Virani SS, Newby LK, Arnold SV, Bittner V, Brewer LC, et al. 2023 AHA\/ACC\/ACCP\/ASPC\/NLA\/PCNA guideline for the management of patients with chronic coronary disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023;82(9):833\u2013955.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"29","key":"7799_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht150","volume":"34","author":"M Brignole","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brignole M, Auricchio A, Baron-Esquivias G, Bordachar P, Boriani G, Breithardt OA, et al. 2013 ESC Guidelines on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(29):2281\u2013329.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"7799_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezab389","volume":"60","author":"P Collet","year":"2021","unstructured":"Collet P, Foldager D, Habib G, Hassager C. 2021 ESC\/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2021;60:727\u2013800.","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"7799_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.4103\/apc.APC_32_19","volume":"12","author":"A Saxena","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saxena A, Relan J, Agarwal R, Awasthy N, Azad S, Chakrabarty M, et al. Indian guidelines for indications and timing of intervention for common congenital heart diseases. Ann Pediatr Cardiol. 2019;12(3):254\u201364.","journal-title":"Ann Pediatr Cardiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"7799_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.15829\/1560-4071-2016-5-117-162","volume":"133","author":"Y Adler","year":"2016","unstructured":"Adler Y, Charron P, Imazio M, Badano L, Bar\u00f3n-Esquivias G, Bogaert J, et al. 2015 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pericardial diseases. Russ Cardiol J. 2016;133(5):117\u201362.","journal-title":"Russ Cardiol J"},{"issue":"4","key":"7799_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-66-0158","volume":"83","author":"K Fukuda","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fukuda K, Date H, Doi S, Fukumoto Y, Fukushima N, Hatano M, et al. Guidelines for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension (JCS 2017\/JPCPHS 2017). Circ J. 2019;83(4):842\u2013945.","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"issue":"37","key":"7799_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3503","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad194","volume":"44","author":"E Arbelo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Arbelo E, Protonotarios A, Gimeno JR, Arbustini E, Barriales-Villa R, Basso C, et al. 2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiomyopathies. Eur Heart J. 2023;44(37):3503\u2013626.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"7799_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-019-01292-4","volume":"19","author":"A Zuechner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zuechner A, Mhada T, Majani NG, Sharau GG, Mahalu W, Freund MW. Spectrum of heart diseases in children presenting to a paediatric cardiac echocardiography clinic in the Lake Zone of Tanzania: a 7-year overview. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2019;19:1.","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"7799_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.4314\/ahs.v14i3.17","volume":"14","author":"S Lubega","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lubega S, Aliku T, Lwabi P. Echocardiographic pattern and severity of valve dysfunction in children with rheumatic heart disease seen at Uganda Heart Institute, Mulago hospital. Afr Health Sci. 2014;14(3):617\u201325.","journal-title":"Afr Health Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"7799_CR44","first-page":"10","volume":"6","author":"D Chelo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chelo D, Nguefack F, Menanga AP, Um SN, Gody JC, Tatah SA, et al. Spectrum of heart diseases in children: an echocardiographic study of 1,666 subjects in a pediatric hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2016;6(1):10\u20138.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diagn Ther"},{"key":"7799_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-021-02417-4","volume":"21","author":"G Al\u0131c\u0131","year":"2021","unstructured":"Al\u0131c\u0131 G, Gen\u00e7 \u00d6. Spectrum of cardiovascular diseases at a referral tertiary care hospital in Somalia, Mogadishu: an echocardiographic study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2021;21:599.","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"7799_CR46","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"D Jayed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jayed D, Al-Huthi MA, Al-Zandani A, Al-Shuki S, Al-Dholae M, Al-Moqri M. Spectrum of Heart Diseases in Sanaa, Capital of the Yemen Republic. Open Access Lib J. 2023;10(1):1\u20134.","journal-title":"Open Access Lib J"},{"issue":"1","key":"7799_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-7682-6-44","volume":"6","author":"AM Jingi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jingi AM, Noubiap JJ, Kamdem P, Wawo Yonta E, Temfack E, Kouam Kouam C, Kingue S. The spectrum of cardiac disease in the West Region of Cameroon: a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Int Arch Med. 2013;6(1):1\u20134.","journal-title":"Int Arch Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"7799_CR48","first-page":"9","volume":"52","author":"SG Abdissa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Abdissa SG, Oli K, Feleke Y, Goshu DY, Begna DM, Tafese A. Spectrum of cardiovascular diseases among Ethiopian patients at Tikur Anbessa specialized university teaching hospital, Addis Ababa. Ethiop Med J. 2014;52(1):9\u201317.","journal-title":"Ethiop Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"7799_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.4314\/mmj.v28i2.7","volume":"28","author":"TJ Allain","year":"2016","unstructured":"Allain TJ, Kinley L, Tsidya B, Murray A, Cheesman M, Kampondeni S, Kayange N. The spectrum of heart disease in adults in Malawi: a review of the literature with reference to the importance of echocardiography as a diagnostic modality. Malawi Med J. 2016;28(2):61\u20135.","journal-title":"Malawi Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"7799_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.4314\/ahs.v20i2.26","volume":"20","author":"J Namuyonga","year":"2020","unstructured":"Namuyonga J, Lubega S, Aliku T, Omagino J, Sable C, Lwabi P. Pattern of congenital heart disease among children presenting to the Uganda Heart Institute, Mulago Hospital: a 7-year review. Afr Health Sci. 2020;20(2):745\u201352.","journal-title":"Afr Health Sci"},{"key":"7799_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s43044-021-00133-0","volume":"73","author":"MM Al-Fahham","year":"2021","unstructured":"Al-Fahham MM, Ali YA. Pattern of congenital heart disease among Egyptian children: a 3-year retrospective study. Egypt Heart J. 2021;73:1\u20138.","journal-title":"Egypt Heart J"},{"key":"7799_CR52","first-page":"66","volume":"6","author":"A Khaled","year":"2008","unstructured":"Khaled A. Pattern of congenital heart disease at Prince Hashim Hospital, Jordan. Middle East J Fam Med. 2008;6:66.","journal-title":"Middle East J Fam Med"},{"key":"7799_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215013512311631","DOI":"10.1177\/21501351231163133","volume":"14","author":"G Kang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kang G, Xiao J, Wang J, Zhang H. Prevalence and pattern of congenital heart diseases in school children in Dongguan, China. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg. 2023;14:21501351231163133.","journal-title":"World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg"},{"key":"7799_CR54","first-page":"1","volume":"4","author":"NE Thomford","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thomford NE, Biney RP, Okai E, Anyanful A, Nsiah P, Frimpong PG, et al. Clinical spectrum of congenital heart defects detected at the child health clinic in a tertiary health facility in Ghana: a retrospective analysis. J Congenit Cardiol. 2020;4:1.","journal-title":"J Congenit Cardiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"7799_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_2008_22","volume":"12","author":"AY Alqassim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alqassim AY, Jareebi MA, Aldhamdi MA, Abutaleb AA, Alwani AA, Shami MO, et al. Pattern of congenital heart defects among children in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia: a five-year hospital-based study. J Family Med Prim Care. 2023;12(10):2249\u201354.","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"7799_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.00219","volume":"8","author":"W Khasawneh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khasawneh W, Hakim F, Abu Ras O, Hejazi Y, Abu-Aqoulah A. Incidence and patterns of congenital heart disease among Jordanian infants, a cohort study from a university tertiary center. Front Pediatr. 2020;8:219.","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"7799_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-019-4803-1","volume":"12","author":"MN Akono","year":"2019","unstructured":"Akono MN, Simo LP, Agbor VN, Njoyo SL, Mbanya D. The spectrum of heart disease among adults at the Bamenda Regional Hospital, North west Cameroon: a semi-urban setting. BMC Res Notes. 2019;12:1.","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"issue":"12","key":"7799_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0267527","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0267527","volume":"17","author":"MD Mengistu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mengistu MD, Benti H. Assessment of magnitude and spectrum of cardiovascular disease admissions and outcomes in Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa: a retrospective study. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(12):e0267527.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"7799_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.15537\/1658-3175.3749","volume":"28","author":"HK Saleh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Saleh HK. Pattern of rheumatic heart disease in Southern Yemen. Saudi Med J. 2007;28(1):108\u201311.","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"issue":"7","key":"7799_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.318729","volume":"128","author":"AE Schutte","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schutte AE, Srinivasapura Venkateshmurthy N, Mohan S, Prabhakaran D. Hypertension in low- and middle-income countries. Circ Res. 2021;128(7):808\u201326.","journal-title":"Circ Res"}],"container-title":["BMC Research Notes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13104-026-07799-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13104-026-07799-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13104-026-07799-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T01:04:02Z","timestamp":1778720642000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s13104-026-07799-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7799"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13104-026-07799-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-0500"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-0500","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"212"}}