{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T19:46:39Z","timestamp":1789415199291,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731974400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Epigenet"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Cardiometabolic risk factors among youth are rising. Epigenetic age acceleration, a biomarker for aging and disease-risk, has been associated with adiposity in children, but its association with other cardiometabolic risk markers remains understudied. We employed data from the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) study, a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort in the greater Cincinnati metropolitan area, to examine whether accelerated epigenetic age at birth as well as accelerated epigenetic age and faster pace of biological aging at age 12\u00a0years were associated with higher cardiometabolic risk in adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>After adjusting for potential confounders, including estimated cell type proportions, epigenetic gestational age acceleration at birth, derived from the Bohlin, Knight, and Haftorn clocks using cord blood DNA methylation data, was not associated with cardiometabolic risk z-scores or individual cardiometabolic risk score components (visceral fat, leptin to adiponectin ratio, HOMA-IR, triglycerides to HDL-C ratio, HbA1c, or systolic blood pressure) at age 12\u00a0years. We also did not observe any associations of epigenetic age acceleration, calculated with Horvath\u2019s skin and blood, Hannum\u2019s, and Wu\u2019s epigenetic clocks using peripheral blood at age 12\u00a0years, with these same cardiometabolic risk markers. In contrast, faster pace of biological aging was associated with higher cardiometabolic risk [\u03b2s (95% CIs)] cardiometabolic risk score 0.25 (0.07, 0.42); visceral fat 0.21 (0.05, 0.38); and hemoglobin A1c 0.23 (0.05, 0.41) per standard deviation increase in pace of biological aging. Faster pace of biological aging was also positively associated with systolic blood pressure, triglycerides to HDL-C ratio, HOMA-IR, and leptin to adiponectin ratio, although these associations were not statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our findings provide evidence that faster pace of biological aging was associated with higher cardiometabolic risk score, visceral fat, and HbA1c at age 12\u00a0years. Further research is needed to determine whether these associations persist from adolescence through adulthood.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-024-01779-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T16:53:17Z","timestamp":1732035197000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Associations of epigenetic age acceleration at birth and age 12 years with adolescent cardiometabolic risk: the HOME study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Arzu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl T.","family":"Kelsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George D.","family":"Papandonatos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim M.","family":"Cecil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aimin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott M.","family":"Langevin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce P.","family":"Lanphear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Yolton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessie P.","family":"Buckley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Braun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"1779_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(21)00374-6","volume":"6","author":"JJ Noubiap","year":"2022","unstructured":"Noubiap JJ, Nansseu JR, Lontchi-Yimagou E, Nkeck JR, Nyaga UF, Ngouo AT, Tounouga DN, Tianyi FL, Foka AJ, Ndoadoumgue AL, Bigna JJ. 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During a face-to-face visit, research assistants explained study protocols to each prospective participant and completed a checklist to ensure women were fully informed. At the 12-year visit, adolescents provided written informed assent after study protocols were explained and their questions answered.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Dr. Joseph Braun has served as an expert witness for plaintiffs involved in litigation related to PFAS-contaminated drinking water. The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"163"}}