{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T18:41:58Z","timestamp":1794336118905,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737504000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Epigenet"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Night shift work during pregnancy has been associated with differential DNA methylation in placental tissue, but no studies have explored this association in cord blood. We aimed to examine associations of maternal night shift work with cord blood DNA methylation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 4487 mother\u2013newborn pairs from 7 studies were included. Maternal night shift work during pregnancy was ascertained via questionnaires and harmonized into \u201cany\u201d\n                      <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u201cno\u201d. DNA methylation was measured in cord blood using the Illumina Infinium Methylation arrays. Robust linear regression models adjusted for relevant confounders were run in the individual cohorts, and results were meta-analyzed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Maternal night shift work during pregnancy ranged from 3.4% to 26.3%. Three CpGs were differentially methylated in relation to maternal night shift work during pregnancy at a false discovery rate adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05: cg10945885 (estimate (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) 0.38%, standard error (SE) 0.07), cg00773359 (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.25%, SE 0.05), and cg21836426 (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2212\u20090.29%, SE 0.05). Associations of the identified CpGs were found in previous literature for gestational age and childhood and adolescent BMI. In a mouse model of prenatal jet lag exposure, information on offspring DNA methylation of ten homologous genes annotated to the 16 CpGs with\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20091\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>\n                      in our analysis was available, of which eight were associated (enrichment\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      : 1.62\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u221211<\/jats:sup>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maternal night shift work during pregnancy was associated with newborn DNA methylation at 3 CpGs. Top findings overlapped with those in a mouse model of gestational jet lag. This work strengthens evidence that DNA methylation could be a marker or mediator of impacts of circadian rhythm disturbances.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-024-01810-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T13:36:39Z","timestamp":1737552999000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Associations of maternal night shift work during pregnancy with DNA methylation in offspring: a meta-analysis in the PACE consortium"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Irene F.","family":"Marques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carola","family":"Dom\u00e8nech-Panicello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madelon L.","family":"Geurtsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thanh T.","family":"Hoang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Richmond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Polinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lea","family":"Sirignano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian M.","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Claire","family":"Binter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd","family":"Everson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amber","family":"Burt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Deuschle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Gilles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Streit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunni L.","family":"Mumford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per","family":"Magnus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irwin K. M.","family":"Reiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marijn J.","family":"Vermeulen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie H.","family":"Witt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Chaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edwina","family":"Yeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie J.","family":"London","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f2nica","family":"Guxens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janine F.","family":"Felix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"1810_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-387690-4.00006-4","volume":"74","author":"PL Lowrey","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lowrey PL, Takahashi JS. Genetics of circadian rhythms in Mammalian model organisms. Adv Genet. 2011;74:175\u2013230.","journal-title":"Adv Genet"},{"issue":"6901","key":"1810_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00965","volume":"418","author":"SM Reppert","year":"2002","unstructured":"Reppert SM, Weaver DR. Coordination of circadian timing in mammals. Nature. 2002;418(6901):935\u201341.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"8","key":"1810_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3005","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21083005","volume":"21","author":"M Hudec","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hudec M, Dankova P, Solc R, Bettazova N, Cerna M. Epigenetic regulation of circadian rhythm and its possible role in diabetes mellitus. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(8):3005. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21083005.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"20","key":"1810_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/93.20.1563","volume":"93","author":"ES Schernhammer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schernhammer ES, Laden F, Speizer FE, Willett WC, Hunter DJ, Kawachi I, Colditz GA. Rotating night shifts and risk of breast cancer in women participating in the nurses\u2019 health study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2001;93(20):1563\u20138.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"12","key":"1810_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001141","volume":"8","author":"A Pan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pan A, Schernhammer ES, Sun Q, Hu FB. Rotating night shift work and risk of type 2 diabetes: two prospective cohort studies in women. PLoS Med. 2011;8(12): e1001141.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"1810_CR6","unstructured":"Eurofound. European Working Condition Survey 2015 [updated 20 November 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.eurofound.europa.eu\/en\/data-catalogue\/european-working-conditions-survey."},{"key":"1810_CR7","unstructured":"Eurofound. European Working Conditions Thelephone Survey 2021 [updated 20 November 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.eurofound.europa.eu\/en\/data-catalogue\/european-working-conditions-telephone-survey-2021-0."},{"key":"1810_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/813764","volume":"2010","author":"MM Mahoney","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mahoney MM. Shift work, jet lag, and female reproduction. Int J Endocrinol. 2010;2010: 813764.","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1810_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2019.06.051","volume":"221","author":"C Cai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cai C, Vandermeer B, Khurana R, Nerenberg K, Featherstone R, Sebastianski M, Davenport MH. The impact of occupational shift work and working hours during pregnancy on health outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2019;221(6):563\u201376.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1810_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqg048","volume":"53","author":"A Knutsson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Knutsson A. Health disorders of shift workers. Occup Med (Lond). 2003;53(2):103\u20138.","journal-title":"Occup Med (Lond)"},{"issue":"12","key":"1810_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP12956","volume":"131","author":"KM Bakulski","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bakulski KM, Blostein F, London SJ. Linking prenatal environmental exposures to lifetime health with epigenome-wide association studies: state-of-the-science review and future recommendations. Environ Health Perspect. 2023;131(12): 126001.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"1810_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10577","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10577","volume":"7","author":"BR Joubert","year":"2016","unstructured":"Joubert BR, den Dekker HT, Felix JF, Bohlin J, Ligthart S, Beckett E, et al. Maternal plasma folate impacts differential DNA methylation in an epigenome-wide meta-analysis of newborns. Nat Commun. 2016;7:10577.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"4","key":"1810_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2016.02.019","volume":"98","author":"BR Joubert","year":"2016","unstructured":"Joubert BR, Felix JF, Yousefi P, Bakulski KM, Just AC, Breton C, et al. DNA methylation in newborns and maternal smoking in pregnancy: genome-wide consortium meta-analysis. Am J Hum Genet. 2016;98(4):680\u201396.","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"20","key":"1810_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4067","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddx290","volume":"26","author":"GC Sharp","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sharp GC, Salas LA, Monnereau C, Allard C, Yousefi P, Everson TM, et al. Maternal BMI at the start of pregnancy and offspring epigenome-wide DNA methylation: findings from the pregnancy and childhood epigenetics (PACE) consortium. Hum Mol Genet. 2017;26(20):4067\u201385.","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"2","key":"1810_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R231","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00248.2017","volume":"314","author":"TJ Varcoe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Varcoe TJ, Gatford KL, Kennaway DJ. Maternal circadian rhythms and the programming of adult health and disease. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2018;314(2):R231\u201341.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1810_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2019.1579734","volume":"36","author":"I Chaves","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chaves I, van der Eerden B, Boers R, Boers J, Streng AA, Ridwan Y, et al. Gestational jet lag predisposes to later-life skeletal and cardiac disease. Chronobiol Int. 2019;36(5):657\u201371.","journal-title":"Chronobiol Int"},{"issue":"12","key":"1810_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4654","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2016-1282","volume":"157","author":"N Mendez","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mendez N, Halabi D, Spichiger C, Salazar ER, Vergara K, Alonso-Vasquez P, et al. Gestational chronodisruption impairs circadian physiology in rat male offspring, increasing the risk of chronic disease. Endocrinology. 2016;157(12):4654\u201368.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"4","key":"1810_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018504","volume":"6","author":"TJ Varcoe","year":"2011","unstructured":"Varcoe TJ, Wight N, Voultsios A, Salkeld MD, Kennaway DJ. Chronic phase shifts of the photoperiod throughout pregnancy programs glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in the rat. PLoS ONE. 2011;6(4): e18504.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"1810_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0215745","volume":"14","author":"DA Clarkson-Townsend","year":"2019","unstructured":"Clarkson-Townsend DA, Everson TM, Deyssenroth MA, Burt AA, Hermetz KE, Hao K, et al. Maternal circadian disruption is associated with variation in placental DNA methylation. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(4): e0215745.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyx190","volume":"47","author":"JF Felix","year":"2018","unstructured":"Felix JF, Joubert BR, Baccarelli AA, Sharp GC, Almqvist C, Annesi-Maesano I, et al. Cohort profile: pregnancy and childhood epigenetics (PACE) consortium. Int J Epidemiol. 2018;47(1):22\u20133.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys064","volume":"42","author":"A Boyd","year":"2013","unstructured":"Boyd A, Golding J, Macleod J, Lawlor DA, Fraser A, Henderson J, et al. Cohort profile: the \u2018children of the 90s\u2019\u2013the index offspring of the avon longitudinal study of parents and children. Int J Epidemiol. 2013;42(1):111\u201327.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys066","volume":"42","author":"A Fraser","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fraser A, Macdonald-Wallis C, Tilling K, Boyd A, Golding J, Davey Smith G, et al. Cohort profile: the avon longitudinal study of parents and children: ALSPAC mothers cohort. Int J Epidemiol. 2013;42(1):97\u2013110.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"9937","key":"1810_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60157-4","volume":"384","author":"EF Schisterman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schisterman EF, Silver RM, Lesher LL, Faraggi D, Wactawski-Wende J, Townsend JM, et al. Preconception low-dose aspirin and pregnancy outcomes: results from the EAGeR randomised trial. Lancet. 2014;384(9937):29\u201336.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"1810_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-016-0224-9","volume":"31","author":"MN Kooijman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kooijman MN, Kruithof CJ, van Duijn CM, Duijts L, Franco OH, van Izendoorn MH, et al. The Generation R Study: design and cohort update 2017. Eur J Epidemiol. 2016;31(12):1243\u201364.","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1810_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr054","volume":"41","author":"M Guxens","year":"2012","unstructured":"Guxens M, Ballester F, Espada M, Fernandez MF, Grimalt JO, Ibarluzea J, et al. Cohort profile: the INMA\u2013INfancia y Medio Ambiente\u2013(environment and childhood) project. Int J Epidemiol. 2012;41(4):930\u201340.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1810_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyw029","volume":"45","author":"P Magnus","year":"2016","unstructured":"Magnus P, Birke C, Vejrup K, Haugan A, Alsaker E, Daltveit AK, et al. Cohort profile update: the norwegian mother and child cohort study (MoBa). Int J Epidemiol. 2016;45(2):382\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1810_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyl170","volume":"35","author":"P Magnus","year":"2006","unstructured":"Magnus P, Irgens LM, Haug K, Nystad W, Skj\u00e6rven R, Stoltenberg C. Cohort profile: the Norwegian mother and child cohort study (MoBa). Int J Epidemiol. 2006;35(5):1146\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dyl170.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1810_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-006-9041-x","volume":"21","author":"KS Ronningen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ronningen KS, Paltiel L, Meltzer HM, Nordhagen R, Lie KK, Hovengen R, et al. The biobank of the Norwegian mother and child cohort study: a resource for the next 100\u00a0years. Eur J Epidemiol. 2006;21(8):619\u201325.","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1810_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2407","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2017.73","volume":"42","author":"TS Send","year":"2017","unstructured":"Send TS, Gilles M, Codd V, Wolf I, Bardtke S, Streit F, et al. Telomere length in newborns is related to maternal stress during pregnancy. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2017;42(12):2407\u201313.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-018-4652-7","volume":"19","author":"SH Witt","year":"2018","unstructured":"Witt SH, Frank J, Gilles M, Lang M, Treutlein J, Streit F, et al. Impact on birth weight of maternal smoking throughout pregnancy mediated by DNA methylation. BMC Genomics. 2018;19(1):290.","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"1810_CR31","unstructured":"Ghosh D, Vogt A. Outliers: an evaluation of methodologies. American Statistical Association. 2012:3455- 60."},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-019-0717-y","volume":"11","author":"K Gervin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gervin K, Salas LA, Bakulski KM, van Zelm MC, Koestler DC, Wiencke JK, et al. Systematic evaluation and validation of reference and library selection methods for deconvolution of cord blood DNA methylation data. Clin Epigenetics. 2019;11(1):125.","journal-title":"Clin Epigenetics"},{"issue":"6","key":"1810_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts034","volume":"28","author":"JT Leek","year":"2012","unstructured":"Leek JT, Johnson WE, Parker HS, Jaffe AE, Storey JD. The sva package for removing batch effects and other unwanted variation in high-throughput experiments. Bioinformatics. 2012;28(6):882\u20133.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"8","key":"1810_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btw766","volume":"33","author":"PJ Van der Most","year":"2017","unstructured":"Van der Most PJ, Kupers LK, Snieder H, Nolte I. QCEWAS: automated quality control of results of epigenome-wide association studies. Bioinformatics. 2017;33(8):1243\u20135.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"17","key":"1810_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2190","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq340","volume":"26","author":"CJ Willer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Willer CJ, Li Y, Abecasis GR. METAL: fast and efficient meta-analysis of genomewide association scans. Bioinformatics. 2010;26(17):2190\u20131.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"1810_CR36","unstructured":"isglobal-brge. EASIER: Tools for methylation data analysis. 2022 [Available from: https:\/\/github.com\/isglobal-brge\/EASIER."},{"key":"1810_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-11-288","volume":"11","author":"R Magi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Magi R, Morris AP. GWAMA: software for genome-wide association meta-analysis. BMC Bioinformatics. 2010;11:288.","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"2","key":"1810_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.23470","volume":"8","author":"YA Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen YA, Lemire M, Choufani S, Butcher DT, Grafodatskaya D, Zanke BW, et al. Discovery of cross-reactive probes and polymorphic CpGs in the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 microarray. Epigenetics. 2013;8(2):203\u20139.","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-15-51","volume":"15","author":"H Naeem","year":"2014","unstructured":"Naeem H, Wong NC, Chatterton Z, Hong MK, Pedersen JS, Corcoran NM, et al. Reducing the risk of false discovery enabling identification of biologically significant genome-wide methylation status using the HumanMethylation450 array. BMC Genomics. 2014;15(1):51.","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","volume":"51","author":"Y Benjamini","year":"1995","unstructured":"Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y. Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J Roy Stat Soc: Ser B (Methodol). 1995;51(1):289\u2013300.","journal-title":"J Roy Stat Soc: Ser B (Methodol)"},{"key":"1810_CR41","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2021."},{"issue":"2","key":"1810_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btv560","volume":"32","author":"B Phipson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Phipson B, Maksimovic J, Oshlack A. missMethyl: an R package for analyzing data from Illumina\u2019s HumanMethylation450 platform. Bioinformatics. 2016;32(2):286\u20138.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"22","key":"1810_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4767","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz456","volume":"35","author":"CE Breeze","year":"2019","unstructured":"Breeze CE, Reynolds AP, van Dongen J, Dunham I, Lazar J, Neph S, Vierstra J, Bourque G, Teschendorff AE, Stamatoyannopoulos JA, Beck S. eFORGE v2.0: updated analysis of cell type-specific signal in epigenomic data. Bioinformatics. 2019;35(22):4767\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz456.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"1810_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.17598.2","volume":"7","author":"T Battram","year":"2022","unstructured":"Battram T, Yousefi P, Crawford G, Prince C, Sheikhali Babaei M, Sharp G, et al. The EWAS Catalog: a database of epigenome-wide association studies. Wellcome Open Res. 2022;7:41.","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09671-3","volume":"10","author":"LK Kupers","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kupers LK, Monnereau C, Sharp GC, Yousefi P, Salas LA, Ghantous A, et al. Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies in neonates reveals widespread differential DNA methylation associated with birthweight. Nat Commun. 2019;10(1):1893.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-020-0716-9","volume":"12","author":"SK Merid","year":"2020","unstructured":"Merid SK, Novoloaca A, Sharp GC, Kupers LK, Kho AT, Roy R, et al. Epigenome-wide meta-analysis of blood DNA methylation in newborns and children identifies numerous loci related to gestational age. Genome Med. 2020;12(1):25.","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-020-00810-w","volume":"12","author":"FOL Vehmeijer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vehmeijer FOL, Kupers LK, Sharp GC, Salas LA, Lent S, Jima DD, et al. DNA methylation and body mass index from birth to adolescence: meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association studies. Genome Med. 2020;12(1):105.","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2152637","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2022.2152637","volume":"18","author":"P Wackers","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wackers P, Dolle MET, van Oostrom CTM, van Kerkhof LWM. Exploration of genome-wide DNA methylation profiles in night shift workers. Epigenetics. 2023;18(1):2152637.","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-022-01298-4","volume":"14","author":"S Sammallahti","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sammallahti S, Koopman-Verhoeff ME, Binter AC, Mulder RH, Cabre-Riera A, Kvist T, et al. Longitudinal associations of DNA methylation and sleep in children: a meta-analysis. Clin Epigenetics. 2022;14(1):83.","journal-title":"Clin Epigenetics"},{"key":"1810_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-016-0926-z","volume":"17","author":"TR Gaunt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gaunt TR, Shihab HA, Hemani G, Min JL, Woodward G, Lyttleton O, et al. Systematic identification of genetic influences on methylation across the human life course. Genome Biol. 2016;17:61.","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1810_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-021-00923-x","volume":"53","author":"JL Min","year":"2021","unstructured":"Min JL, Hemani G, Hannon E, Dekkers KF, Castillo-Fernandez J, Luijk R, et al. Genomic and phenotypic insights from an atlas of genetic effects on DNA methylation. Nat Genet. 2021;53(9):1311\u201321.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"1810_CR52","unstructured":"Maechler M. diptest 2024 [Available from: https:\/\/github.com\/mmaechler\/diptest?tab=readme-ov-file#readme."},{"key":"1810_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.65310","author":"C Ruiz-Arenas","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ruiz-Arenas C, Hernandez-Ferrer C, Vives-Usano M, Mar\u00ed S, Quintela I, Mason D, et al. Identification of autosomal cis expression quantitative trait methylation (cis eQTMs) in children\u2019s blood. Elife. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.65310.","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.222885.117","volume":"28","author":"R Boers","year":"2018","unstructured":"Boers R, Boers J, de Hoon B, Kockx C, Ozgur Z, Molijn A, et al. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling using the methylation-dependent restriction enzyme LpnPI. Genome Res. 2018;28(1):88\u201399.","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2299045","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2023.2299045","volume":"19","author":"M El Sharkawy","year":"2024","unstructured":"El Sharkawy M, Felix JF, Grote V, Voortman T, Jaddoe VWV, Koletzko B, Kupers LK. Animal and plant protein intake during infancy and childhood DNA methylation: a meta-analysis in the NutriPROGRAM consortium. Epigenetics. 2024;19(1):2299045.","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.2217\/epi-2022-0427","volume":"15","author":"N Fragoso-Bargas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fragoso-Bargas N, Page CM, Joubert BR, London SJ, Lee-Odegard S, Opsahl JO, et al. Epigenome-wide association study of serum folate in maternal peripheral blood leukocytes. Epigenomics. 2023;15(1):39\u201352.","journal-title":"Epigenomics"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-019-0635-z","volume":"11","author":"MK Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee MK, Xu CJ, Carnes MU, Nichols CE, Ward JM, Consortium B, et al. Genome-wide DNA methylation and long-term ambient air pollution exposure in Korean adults. Clin Epigenetics. 2019;11(1):37.","journal-title":"Clin Epigenetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddaa280","volume":"30","author":"RH Mulder","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mulder RH, Neumann A, Cecil CAM, Walton E, Houtepen LC, Simpkin AJ, et al. Epigenome-wide change and variation in DNA methylation in childhood: trajectories from birth to late adolescence. Hum Mol Genet. 2021;30(1):119\u201334.","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13072-018-0245-6","volume":"12","author":"SA Islam","year":"2019","unstructured":"Islam SA, Goodman SJ, MacIsaac JL, Obradovic J, Barr RG, Boyce WT, Kobor MS. Integration of DNA methylation patterns and genetic variation in human pediatric tissues help inform EWAS design and interpretation. Epigenetics Chromatin. 2019;12(1):1.","journal-title":"Epigenetics Chromatin"},{"issue":"3","key":"1810_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1004211","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1004211","volume":"10","author":"Y Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li Y, Chen JA, Sears RL, Gao F, Klein ED, Karydas A, Geschwind MD, Rosen HJ, Boxer AL, Guo W, Pellegrini M, Horvath S, Miller BL, Geschwind DH, Coppola G. An epigenetic signature in peripheral blood associated with the haplotype on 17q21.31, a risk factor for neurodegenerative tauopathy. PLoS Genet. 2014;10(3):e1004211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgen.1004211.","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"1810_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.180273.114","volume":"25","author":"H Spiers","year":"2015","unstructured":"Spiers H, Hannon E, Schalkwyk LC, Smith R, Wong CC, O\u2019Donovan MC, et al. Methylomic trajectories across human fetal brain development. Genome Res. 2015;25(3):338\u201352.","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"1810_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-020-01172-0","volume":"89","author":"G Aghagoli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aghagoli G, Sheinkopf SJ, Everson TM, Marsit CJ, Lee H, Burt AA, et al. Epigenome-wide analysis identifies genes and pathways linked to acoustic cry variation in preterm infants. Pediatr Res. 2021;89(7):1848\u201354.","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.3109\/07420528.2014.956362","volume":"32","author":"P Bhatti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bhatti P, Zhang Y, Song X, Makar KW, Sather CL, Kelsey KT, et al. Nightshift work and genome-wide DNA methylation. Chronobiol Int. 2015;32(1):103\u201312.","journal-title":"Chronobiol Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"1810_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP595","volume":"125","author":"CV Breton","year":"2017","unstructured":"Breton CV, Marsit CJ, Faustman E, Nadeau K, Goodrich JM, Dolinoy DC, et al. Small-magnitude effect sizes in epigenetic end points are important in children\u2019s environmental health studies: the children\u2019s environmental health and disease prevention research center\u2019s epigenetics working group. Environ Health Perspect. 2017;125(4):511\u201326.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"4","key":"1810_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2012.08.022","volume":"91","author":"A Horani","year":"2012","unstructured":"Horani A, Druley TE, Zariwala MA, Patel AC, Levinson BT, Van Arendonk LG, et al. Whole-exome capture and sequencing identifies HEATR2 mutation as a cause of primary ciliary dyskinesia. Am J Hum Genet. 2012;91(4):685\u201393.","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2013.05.028","volume":"93","author":"N Bogershausen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bogershausen N, Shahrzad N, Chong JX, von Kleist-Retzow JC, Stanga D, Li Y, et al. Recessive TRAPPC11 mutations cause a disease spectrum of limb girdle muscular dystrophy and myopathy with movement disorder and intellectual disability. Am J Hum Genet. 2013;93(1):181\u201390.","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"1810_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet-2016-104108","volume":"54","author":"K Koehler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Koehler K, Milev MP, Prematilake K, Reschke F, Kutzner S, Juhlen R, et al. A novel TRAPPC11 mutation in two Turkish families associated with cerebral atrophy, global retardation, scoliosis, achalasia and alacrima. J Med Genet. 2017;54(3):176\u201385.","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"issue":"6","key":"1810_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izac273","volume":"29","author":"KC Cushing","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cushing KC, Chen Y, Du X, Chen V, Kuppa A, Higgins P, Speliotes EK. Risk variants in or near ZBTB40 AND NFATC1 increase the risk of both IBD and adverse bone health outcomes highlighting common genetic underpinnings across both diseases. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2023;29(6):938\u201345.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"1810_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040533","volume":"351","author":"A Biason-Lauber","year":"2004","unstructured":"Biason-Lauber A, Konrad D, Navratil F, Schoenle EJ. A WNT4 mutation associated with Mullerian-duct regression and virilization in a 46. XX woman N Engl J Med. 2004;351(8):792\u20138.","journal-title":"XX woman N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2007.08.005","volume":"82","author":"H Mandel","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mandel H, Shemer R, Borochowitz ZU, Okopnik M, Knopf C, Indelman M, et al. SERKAL syndrome: an autosomal-recessive disorder caused by a loss-of-function mutation in WNT4. Am J Hum Genet. 2008;82(1):39\u201347.","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"17","key":"1810_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa044160","volume":"353","author":"DJ Barker","year":"2005","unstructured":"Barker DJ, Osmond C, Forsen TJ, Kajantie E, Eriksson JG. Trajectories of growth among children who have coronary events as adults. N Engl J Med. 2005;353(17):1802\u20139.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5095","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24558-y","volume":"12","author":"TM Everson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Everson TM, Vives-Usano M, Seyve E, Cardenas A, Lacasana M, Craig JM, et al. Placental DNA methylation signatures of maternal smoking during pregnancy and potential impacts on fetal growth. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):5095.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"1810_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-04267-y","volume":"5","author":"N Fernandez-Jimenez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fernandez-Jimenez N, Fore R, Cilleros-Portet A, Lepeule J, Perron P, Kvist T, et al. A meta-analysis of pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index and placental DNA methylation identifies 27 CpG sites with implications for mother-child health. Commun Biol. 2022;5(1):1313.","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1810_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1720980","volume":"121","author":"M Olsson Lindvall","year":"2021","unstructured":"Olsson Lindvall M, Angerfors A, Andersson B, Nilsson S, Davila Lopez M, Hansson L, et al. Comparison of DNA methylation profiles of hemostatic genes between liver tissue and peripheral blood within individuals. Thromb Haemost. 2021;121(5):573\u201383.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"}],"container-title":["Clinical Epigenetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13148-024-01810-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13148-024-01810-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13148-024-01810-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T14:18:31Z","timestamp":1737555511000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/clinicalepigeneticsjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13148-024-01810-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1810"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13148-024-01810-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1868-7083"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1868-7083","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"No participants were recruited for the purpose of this meta-analysis. All cohorts acquired ethics approval from the local ethics committees and informed consent for all participants before the data collection; detailed information for each cohort can be found in Additional File\n                      \n                      : Cohort-specific Methods. Our research conformed to the principles of the Helsinki Declaration.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"12"}}