{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T01:45:40Z","timestamp":1789436740307,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002283","name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ARUK-PG2014-1946"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ARUK-PG2014-1946"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002283","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002283","name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ARUK-PG2017-1946"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ARUK-PG2017-1946"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002283","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009187","name":"Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSUB199166"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSUB199166"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009187","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009187","name":"Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MC_UU_12019\/1, MC_UU_12019\/2, MC_UU_12019\/3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MC_UU_12019\/1, MC_UU_12019\/2, MC_UU_12019\/3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009187","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001320","name":"Wolfson Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PR\/y1r\/18575"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PR\/y1r\/18575"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001320","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Alz Res Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In view of reported associations between high adiposity, particularly in midlife and late-life dementia risk, we aimed to determine associations between body mass index (BMI), and BMI changes across adulthood and brain structure and pathology at age 69\u201371\u2009years.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Four hundred sixty-five dementia-free participants from Insight 46, a sub-study of the British 1946 birth cohort, who had cross-sectional T1\/FLAIR volumetric MRI, and florbetapir amyloid-PET imaging at age 69\u201371\u2009years, were included in analyses. We quantified white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV) using T1 and FLAIR 3D-MRI; \u03b2-amyloid (A\u03b2) positivity\/negativity using a SUVR approach; and whole brain (WBV) and hippocampal volumes (HV) using 3D T1-MRI. We investigated the influence of BMI, and BMI changes at and between 36, 43, 53, 60\u201364, 69 and 71\u2009years, on late-life WMHV, A\u03b2-status, WBV and mean HV. Analyses were repeated using overweight and obese status.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>At no time-point was BMI, change in BMI or overweight\/obese status associated with WMHV or WBV at age 69\u201371\u2009years. Decreasing BMI in the 1\u20132\u2009years before imaging was associated with an increased odds of being \u03b2-amyloid positive (OR 1.45, 95% confidence interval 1.09, 1.92). There were associations between being overweight and larger mean HV at ages 60\u201364 (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.073\u2009ml, 95% CI 0.009, 0.137), 69 (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.076\u2009ml, 95% CI 0.012, 0.140) and 71\u2009years (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.101\u2009ml, 95% CI 0.037, 0.165). A similar, albeit weaker, trend was seen with obese status.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Using WMHV, \u03b2-amyloid status and brain volumes as indicators of brain health, we do not find evidence to explain reported associations between midlife obesity and late-life dementia risk. Declining BMI in later life may reflect preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-021-00830-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]],"date-time":"2021-05-03T08:24:43Z","timestamp":1620030283000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Investigating the relationship between BMI across adulthood and late life brain pathologies"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Christopher A.","family":"Lane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josephine","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Nicholas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8543-5518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John W.","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carole H.","family":"Sudre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Cash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas D.","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian B.","family":"Malone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsty","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah-Naomi","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashvini","family":"Keshavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Buchanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Keuss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Murray-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Coath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Modat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Hardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick C.","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan M.","family":"Schott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"830_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000038910.46217.AA","volume":"60","author":"F Nourhash\u00e9mi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nourhash\u00e9mi F, Deschamps V, Larrieu S, et al. 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Insight 46 was approved by the Queen Square Research Ethics Committee. All participants provided written informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All participants provided written informed consent for publication.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Christopher A. Lane \u2013Subsequent to preparation of manuscript is now a full-time employee of Hoffmann-La Roche UK Ltd.Josephine Barnes \u2013 Was supported by an Alzheimer\u2019s Research UK senior fellowship.Jennifer M. Nicholas \u2013 Reports no disclosures.John W. Baker \u2013 Reports no disclosures.Carole H. Sudre \u2013 Supported by an Alzheimer\u2019s Society Junior Fellowship (AS-JF-17-011).David M. Cash \u2013 Reports no disclosures.Thomas D. Parker - Supported by a Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Fellowship (200109\/Z\/15\/Z).Ian B. Malone \u2013 Reports no disclosures.Kirsty Lu \u2013 Reports no disclosures.Sarah-Naomi James \u2013 Reports no disclosures.Ashvini Keshavan \u2013 Reports no disclosures.Sarah Buchanan \u2013 Reports no disclosures.Sarah Keuss \u2013 Reports no disclosures.Heidi Murray-Smith \u2013 Reports no disclosures.Andrew Wong \u2013 Reports no disclosures.Elizabeth Gordon \u2013 Reports no disclosures.William Coath \u2013 Reports no disclosures.Marc Modat \u2013 Reports no disclosure.David Thomas \u2013 Reports no disclosures.Rebecca Hardy \u2013 Reports no disclosures.Marcus Richards \u2013 Reports no disclosures.Nick C. Fox \u2013 NCF\u2019s research group has received payment for consultancy or for conducting studies from Biogen, Eli Lilly Research Laboratories, GE Healthcare, and Roche. NCF receives no personal compensation for the activities mentioned above. He is supported by the UCL\/UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leonard Wolfson Experimental Neurology Centre, UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, an NIHR Senior Investigator award, and additional funding from the NIA and EPSRC.Jonathan M. Schott - JMS has received research funding from Avid Radiopharmaceuticals (a wholly owned subsidiary of Eli Lilly), has consulted for Roche Pharmaceuticals, Biogen, Merck and Eli Lilly, given educational lectures sponsored by GE, Eli Lilly and Biogen, and serves on a Data Safety Monitoring Committee for Axon Neuroscience SE. He is supported by the UCL\/UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, and Leonard Wolfson Experimental Neurology Centre. He acknowledges the EPSRC (EP\/J020990\/1), Weston Brain Institute (UB170045) and European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant 666992).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"91"}}