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Brain [<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F] fluoro-2-deoxy-2-D-glucose (<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a particularly interesting tool for the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, through the measurement of the cerebral glucose metabolic rate. There is currently a lack of longitudinal studies under real-life conditions, with sufficient patients, to accurately evaluate the predictive values of brain <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG PET scans. Here, we aimed to estimate the value of brain <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG PET for predicting the risk of dementia conversion and the risk of occurrence of a neurodegenerative pathology.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Longitudinal data for a cohort of patients with no diagnosis of dementia at the time of recruitment referred by a tertiary memory clinic for brain <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG PET were matched with (1) data from the French National Health Data System (NHDS), (2) data from the National Alzheimer Bank (NAB), and (3) lumbar puncture (LP) biomarker data. The criteria for dementia conversion were the designation, within the three years after the brain <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG PET scan, of a long-term condition for dementia in the NHDS and a dementia stage of cognitive impairment in the NAB. The criterion for the identification of a neurodegenerative disease in the medical records was the determination of LP biomarker levels.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Among the 403 patients (69.9\u2009\u00b1\u200911.4 years old, 177 women) from the initial cohort with data matched with the NHDS data, 137 were matched with the NAB data, and 61 were matched with LP biomarker data. Within three years of the scan, a <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG PET had negative predictive values of 85% for dementia conversion (according to the NHDS and NAB datasets) and 95% for the presence of LP neurodegeneration biomarkers.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A normal brain <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG PET scan can help rule out the risk of dementia conversion and the presence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker of neurodegeneration early with high certainty, allowing modifications to patient management regimens in the short term.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Clinical Trials database (NCT04804722). March 18, 2021. Retrospectively registered.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-024-01535-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T03:43:45Z","timestamp":1723520625000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["18F-FDG PET can effectively rule out conversion to dementia and the presence of CSF biomarker of neurodegeneration: a real-world data analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Heyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u00efa","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Doyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Mortada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Roch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elodie","family":"Jeanbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Thilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Malaplate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Kearney-Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Th\u00e9r\u00e8se","family":"Jonveaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lie","family":"Bannay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Verger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"1535_CR1","unstructured":"Prince M, Wimo A, Guerchet Ma\u00eblenn, Ali G-C, Wu Y-T et al. 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This study was granted approval by the National Comit\u00e9 Ethique et Scientifique pour les Recherches, les Etudes et les Evaluation en Sant\u00e9 (CESREES, file no. 4611320 Bis) and by the Commission Nationale Informatique et Libert\u00e9s (CNIL, Decision number: DR-2022-090) and was conducted following the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. All human subjects provided informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"182"}}