{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T03:42:18Z","timestamp":1791430938695,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Alz Res Therapy"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a blood biomarker of neurodegeneration, including Alzheimer\u2019s disease. However, its usefulness may be influenced by common conditions in older adults, including amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2) deposition and cardiometabolic risk factors like hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), impaired kidney function, and obesity. This longitudinal observational study using the Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort investigated how these conditions influence the prognostic capacity of plasma NfL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Non-demented participants (cognitively unimpaired or mild cognitive impairment) underwent repeated assessments including the Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) scores, hippocampal volumes, and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes at 6- or 12-month intervals. Linear mixed-effect models were employed to examine the interaction between plasma NfL and various variables of interest, such as A\u03b2 (evaluated using Florbetapir positron emission tomography), hypertension, DM, impaired kidney function, or obesity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Over a mean follow-up period of 62.5\u00a0months, participants with a mean age of 72.1\u00a0years (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009720, 48.8% female) at baseline were observed. Higher plasma NfL levels at baseline were associated with steeper increases in ADAS-Cog scores and WMH volumes, and steeper decreases in hippocampal volumes over time (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      -values\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Notably, A\u03b2 at baseline significantly enhanced the association between plasma NfL and longitudinal changes in ADAS-Cog scores (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      -value 0.005) and hippocampal volumes (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      -value 0.004). Regarding ADAS-Cog score and WMH volume, the impact of A\u03b2 was more prominent in cognitively unimpaired than in mild cognitive impairment. Hypertension significantly heightened the association between plasma NfL and longitudinal changes in ADAS-Cog scores, hippocampal volumes, and WMH volumes (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      -values\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). DM influenced the association between plasma NfL and changes in ADAS-Cog scores (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      -value\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) without affecting hippocampal and WMH volumes. Impaired kidney function did not significantly alter the association between plasma NfL and longitudinal changes in any outcome variables. Obesity heightened the association between plasma NfL and changes in hippocampal volumes only (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      -value 0.026).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study suggests that the prognostic capacity of plasma NfL may be amplified in individuals with A\u03b2 or hypertension. This finding emphasizes the importance of considering these factors in the NfL-based prognostic model for neurodegeneration in non-demented older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-024-01564-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T09:06:09Z","timestamp":1726131969000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impact of amyloid and cardiometabolic risk factors on prognostic capacity of plasma neurofilament light chain for neurodegeneration"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Keun 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All study procedures were approved by the institutional review board of the following participating centers: Oregon Health & Science University, University of Southern California, University of California \u2013 San Diego, University of Michigan, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Baylor College of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, Washington University, St. Louis, University of Alabama \u2013 Birmingham, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Wien Center, Johns Hopkins University, New York University, Duke University Medical Center, University of Pennsylvania, University of Kentucky, University of Pittsburgh, University of Rochester Medical Center, University of California Irvine IMIND, Emory University, University of Kansas, Medical Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Indiana University, Yale University School of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences, Ontario, U.B.C. Clinic for AD & Related Disorders, St. Joseph\u2019s Health Care, Northwestern University, Nathan Kline Institute, University of California, San Francisco, Georgetown University Medical Center, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Stanford University, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Boston University, Howard University, Case Western Reserve University, University of California, Davis \u2013 Sacramento, Dent Neurologic Institute, Parkwood Institute, University of Wisconsin, Banner Alzheimer\u2019s Institute, Ohio State University, Albany Medical College, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Rhode Island Hospital, Roper St. Francis Healthcare, Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Barrow Neurological Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Long Beach VA Neuropsychiatric Research Program, Butler Hospital Memory and Aging Program, Neurological Care of CNY, Hartford Hospital, Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Cornell University (\n                      \n                      ). Informed consent was obtained from all participants or authorized representatives prior to their participation.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"202"}}