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In this study, we hypothesized the clearance of A\u03b2 aggregates from the brain and body into the gut.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To investigate this, we used surface-based fluorescence intensity distribution analysis (sFIDA) to determine the A\u03b2 aggregate concentrations in feces from 26 AD patients and 31 healthy controls (HC).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A\u03b2 aggregates were detectable in human feces and their concentrations were elevated in AD patients compared to HC (specificity 90.3%, sensitivity 53.8%).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Thus, fecal A\u03b2 aggregates constitute a non-invasive biomarker candidate for diagnosing AD. Whether digestion-resistant A\u03b2 aggregates in feces are secreted via the liver and bile or directly from the enteric neuronal system remains to be elucidated.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-024-01597-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T04:01:51Z","timestamp":1728878511000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Elevated A\u03b2 aggregates in feces from Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients: a proof-of-concept study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Marlene","family":"Pils","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Dybala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Schaffrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Rehn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janine","family":"Kutzsche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Bl\u00f6meke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Tusche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pelin","family":"\u00d6zd\u00fczenciler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuyen","family":"Bujnicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Kraemer-Schulien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannes","family":"Gramespacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian H.T.","family":"Schmieschek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael T.","family":"Barbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oezguer A.","family":"Onur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gereon R.","family":"Fink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcltekin","family":"Tamg\u00fcney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Bannach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dieter","family":"Willbold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"1597_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jack CR Jr, Bennett DA, Blennow K, Carrillo MC, Dunn B, Haeberlein SB, et al. 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All participants agreed to be a participant in this study and gave their written informed consent to participate. All participants were aware of what this study involves, that each participant was at least 18 years old, and have received a copy of this informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"No identifying information about participants is available in the article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"D.W. and O.B. are cofounders and shareholders of attyloid GmbH. D.W. is member of attyloid\u2019s supervisory board. M.P., O.B., G.T. and D.W. are inventors of patent DE102020114278A1 (determination of disease-specific protein aggregates in fecal samples). These factors did not influence the interpretation of the data. Remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"223"}}