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We therefore developed a model cognitive screening program to provide relatively brief, objective assessment of a geriatric patient\u2019s memory and other cognitive abilities in cases where the primary care physician suspects but is unsure of the presence of a deficit.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Referred patients were tested during a 40-min session by a psychometrist or trained nurse in the clinic on a brief battery of neuropsychological tests that assessed multiple cognitive domains. Short questionnaires covering subjective cognitive complaints, symptoms of depression, and medical history were also administered. Results were conveyed to a dementia specialist who reviewed them and returned their judgement of the validity of the cognitive complaint to the primary care provider. Retrospective medical records review was carried out for a random (stratified) half of the sample to determine how screening results were utilized. Screening tests were repeated after two years in a subset of 69 patients.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The 638 patients screened (mean age\u2009=\u200975.9\u00a0years; mean education\u2009=\u200914.9\u00a0years; 58% women) were classified by screening as having normal cognition (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009177), depression (with possible cognitive changes; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009115), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009107), or dementia (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009239). Classification accuracy was shown by high agreement with the eventual clinical diagnosis in the medical record (69%; Cohen\u2019s Kappa\u2009=\u2009.38; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001; 77% if MCI and dementia were collapsed; Cohen\u2019s Kappa\u2009=\u2009.58; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and longitudinal decline in cognitive test scores only in those initially classified as having MCI or dementia. Medical records documented discussion of screening results with the patient in 69% of cases (80% if MCI or dementia was detected) and often referral to a specialist (62%), new brain imaging (54%), or change in medication (58%) when screening indicated potential cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The cognitive screening program was well accepted by primary care providers as an efficient and effective way to evaluate concerns about cognitive decline in older adults.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-024-01637-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T09:17:48Z","timestamp":1737105468000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effectiveness and utilization of a cognitive screening program for primary geriatric care"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"David P.","family":"Salmon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Malkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie L.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Gigliotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily A.","family":"Little","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Galasko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"1637_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rajan KB, Weuve J, Barnes LL, McAninch EA, Wilson RS, Evans DA. 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Written informed consent was obtained from each research participant according to the Declaration of Helsinki and the Belmont Report.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"23"}}