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An automated quantitative measure of interpersonal coordination would enhance assessment, diagnosis, and monitoring of treatment-related change in autism and other psychiatric conditions. We introduce and apply a novel AI-based measure (\u2019concurrence\u2019) to quantify and compare nonverbal interpersonal coordination during naturalistic conversation in individuals with and without various psychiatric presentations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary analysis included 380 12\u201318-year-olds with neurotypical development (NT), autism (AUT), or other psychiatric conditions (PSY), recorded during videoconference get-to-know-you conversations with a research staff member (\u2018partner\u2019). Replication analyses included 72 12\u201318-year-olds with NT or AUT, recorded during face-to-face conversations. A self-supervised AI method (concurrence) was applied to time series data representing facial expressions and head movements of participants and their conversation partners. This yielded interpersonal coordination scores for all participant-partner dyads, which were then compared transdiagnostically. Convergent and discriminant validity were assessed using annotated subsamples from a combined sample of 609 5\u201352-year-olds. Convergent validity was assessed with measures of social gaze, motor imitation ability, and conversation quality; discriminant validity was assessed with IQ scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the videoconference sample, AUT demonstrated significantly lower interpersonal coordination than PSY (unadjusted Cohen\u2019s\n                      <jats:italic>d = 0.46<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) and NT (\n                      <jats:italic>d =<\/jats:italic>\n                      1.03,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), with PSY also lower than NT (\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.50,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). The AUT &lt; NT effect was replicated in the face-to-face sample (\n                      <jats:italic>d = 0.73<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). The group-by-context interaction was nonsignificant (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.33), suggesting group differences are robust to recording context. Convergent and discriminant validity was demonstrated through positive associations between interpersonal coordination and mutual social gaze (\n                      <jats:italic>r(108)<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.46,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001), gross motor imitation ability (\n                      <jats:italic>r(35)<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.41,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05), and conversation quality ratings (\n                      <jats:italic>r(364)<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.34,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001), but not IQ (\n                      <jats:italic>r(367)<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.03,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.55).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Generalizability is limited by sample characteristics including cognitive and verbal ability, age, and sex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study demonstrates reduced interpersonal coordination in adolescents with autism and other psychiatric conditions (AUT&lt;PSY&lt;NT) using a novel, transdiagnostic computational measure. This finding replicated across different conversational contexts and the concurrence measure demonstrated convergent and discriminant validity, highlighting its potential as an automated and scalable individual-level measure of social skills.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13229-026-00722-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T17:12:53Z","timestamp":1780074773000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A transdiagnostic AI-based measure of interpersonal coordination in autism and other conditions"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Lisa D.","family":"Yankowitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Casey J.","family":"Zampella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juhi","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. 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