{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T23:37:00Z","timestamp":1782603420050,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]],"date-time":"2020-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599523200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]],"date-time":"2020-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Uterine inversion is a rare but known complication following parturition and may prove fatal due to neurogenic shock or postpartum hemorrhage if not corrected immediately. The incidence is variable, occurring in 1 in 2000 to 1 in 50,000 deliveries, as reported in the past. Nowadays, the incidence is declining due to better antenatal care and increasing institutional deliveries. However, in a developing country such as India, due to cultural and financial reasons, most of the deliveries are still being conducted by untrained birth attendants (\u201cdais\u201d) who have sparse knowledge of oxytocic drugs. Hence, proper education and training should be imparted to the traditional birth attendants and local village health practitioners about the management of labor, placental delivery, timely diagnosis, and proper management of uterine inversion to avoid this grave complication. We report this case because only a limited number of such cases have been reported so far with delayed presentation of chronic uterine inversion 8\u2009months after delivery as a result of the negligence of an untrained birth attendant.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We report a case of a patient with chronic uterine inversion presenting 8 months after childbirth as a result of ignorance at the time of delivery. A 22-year-old P1L1 (Para 1 Live 1) Asian woman of Punjabi ethnicity presented to our institute with a progressively increasing painless vaginal mass along with blood-stained vaginal discharge for the last 6 months and progressive dyspareunia (pain during intercourse) for the last 5 months that had worsened with time. She had experienced a full-term normal vaginal delivery at home 8 months earlier with the assistance of an untrained birth attendant (dai). Her history revealed that she had an unduly prolonged second stage of labor and was given aggressive fundal pressure due to inadequate bearing-down efforts and had collapsed after delivery but was managed conservatively by an\u00a0untrained birth attendant. A provisional diagnosis of chronic uterine inversion was made on the basis of vaginal findings of a globular mass protruding from the cervix and approaching the vagina with thinning of the cervix around the mass, forming a tight constriction ring, in addition to ultrasound findings. The patient\u2019s condition was corrected surgically using Haultain\u2019s approach. She had a satisfactory outcome and was discharged symptom-free.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Awareness of this complication with timely diagnosis and prompt management can significantly minimize maternal morbidity and mortality, especially in a low- and middle-income country such as India, where 70\u201380% of deliveries still occur in a rural setting with untrained birth attendants.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-020-02466-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,7]],"date-time":"2020-09-07T23:04:40Z","timestamp":1599519880000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Unusual and delayed presentation of chronic uterine inversion in a young woman as a result of negligence by an\u00a0untrained birth attendant: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Garg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romi","family":"Bansal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2466_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8545(21)00179-0","volume":"22","author":"PJ Wendel","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wendel PJ, Cox SM. Emergent obstetric management of uterine inversion. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 1995;22:261\u201374.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"2466_CR2","first-page":"QD07","volume":"10","author":"E Ali","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ali E, Kumar M. Chronic uterine inversion presenting as a painless vaginal mass at 6 months post partum: a case report. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016;10(5):QD07\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"2466_CR3","unstructured":"Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, Spong CY, Dashe JS, Hoffman BL, Casey BM, Sheffield JS. Williams obstetrics. Obstetrical Hemorrhage. 24th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Education; 2014. p. 787\u20138."},{"key":"2466_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haultain FWN. Abdominal hysterotomy for chronic uterine inversion: a record of three cases. Diseases of women. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, Obstetrical and Gynaecological section. 1908. p. 278-90.","DOI":"10.1177\/003591570800100771"},{"key":"2466_CR5","first-page":"521","volume":"102","author":"RH Rocconi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rocconi RH, Warner K, Chiang S. Postmenopausal uterine inversion associated with endometrial polyps. Obstet Gynaecol. 2003;102:521\u20133.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"2466_CR6","first-page":"458","volume-title":"Bonney\u2019s gynaecological surgery","author":"D Macleod","year":"1964","unstructured":"Macleod D, Howkins J. Operations to correct axial displacements and inversion of the uterus. In: Macleod D, Howkins J, editors. Bonney\u2019s gynaecological surgery. 7th ed. London: Cassel; 1964. p. 458\u201370.","edition":"7"},{"key":"2466_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)30594-1","volume":"24","author":"TF Baskett","year":"2002","unstructured":"Baskett TF. Acute uterine inversion: a review of 40 cases. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2002;24:953\u20136.","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"key":"2466_CR8","first-page":"149","volume":"91","author":"G Sinha","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sinha G, Sinha A. Fertility and reproduction following inversion of uterus. J Indian Med Assoc. 1993;91:149\u201350.","journal-title":"J Indian Med Assoc"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-020-02466-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13256-020-02466-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-020-02466-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]],"date-time":"2021-09-07T23:12:00Z","timestamp":1631056320000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13256-020-02466-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2466"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13256-020-02466-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-1947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-1947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 June 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 July 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 September 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study did not involve the conduct of any experiments on animals or humans. The patient consented to the use of her personal data for the purpose of this case report.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests. The authors have no association with financial or nonfinancial organizations.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"143"}}