{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:14:28Z","timestamp":1740147268509,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Hypotropic dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) is a special form of strabismus characterized by a slow drift of the non-fixating eye when the other eye is fixating on a target. In contrast to hypertropic DVD, which is common, hypotropic DVD is exceedingly rare and seldom reported in previous literature. In this case, we report the clinical features of a rare case of a Syrian child with bilateral hypotropic DVD accompanied by manifest latent nystagmus and intermittent exotropia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A 4-year-old Syrian Arab girl presented with intermittent exotropia of both eyes since the age of 7\u00a0months, without any prior treatment. The fixation was alternating. She had manifest latent nystagmus in both eyes and anomalous head posture. She had bilateral hypotropic DVD in both eyes which only appeared when covering each eye. The patient underwent bilateral lateral rectus recession with posterior fixation and bilateral inferior oblique recession. Three months after surgery, she was orthophoric in the primary gaze position with a normal head posture. No alteration of the appearance of the hypotropic DVD was observed after the surgery.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This is a rare case of hypotropic DVD showing bilateral hypotropic DVD with different characteristics from those previously reported cases (bilateral hypotropic DVD with intermittent exotropia, dissociated horizontal deviation, manifest latent nystagmus, and bilateral inferior oblique overaction). The hypotropic DVD only appeared when covering each eye, and thus there was no need for surgery. Moreover, the inferior oblique recession did not seem to negatively affect the appearance of the eyes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-020-02567-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T14:28:00Z","timestamp":1607610480000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bilateral hypotropic dissociated vertical deviation: a case report\u00a0"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Nawar","family":"Shohadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0119-1393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nawras","family":"Alhalabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2567_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1067\/mpa.2001.113316","volume":"5","author":"MF Greenberg","year":"2001","unstructured":"Greenberg MF, Pollard ZF. Strabismus: a rare case of bilateral dissociated hypotropia and unilateral dissociated esotropia. J Am Assoc Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2001;5:123\u20135.","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"},{"key":"2567_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2006.06.015","volume":"10","author":"SP Kraft","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kraft SP, Long QB, Irving EL. Strabismus: Dissociated hypotropia: clinical features and surgical management of two cases. J Am Assoc Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2006;10:389\u201393.","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"},{"key":"2567_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2008.07.008","volume":"146","author":"HT Lim","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lim HT. Hypotropic dissociated vertical deviation: a unique form of dissociated strabismus complex. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008;146:948-953.e941.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2567_CR4","first-page":"271","volume":"8","author":"Z Rajavi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rajavi Z, Feizi M, Haftabadi N, Sheibani K. Hypotropic dissociated vertical deviation; a case report. J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 2013;8:271\u20133.","journal-title":"J Ophthalmic Vis Res"},{"key":"2567_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.117.9.1216","volume":"117","author":"MC Brodsky","year":"1999","unstructured":"Brodsky MC. Dissociated vertical divergence: a righting reflex gone wrong. Arch Ophthalmol. 1999;117:1216\u201322.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2567_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/S1091-8531(00)70002-4","volume":"4","author":"DL Guyton","year":"2000","unstructured":"Guyton DL. Strabismus: Dissociated vertical deviation: etiology, mechanism, and associated phenomena. J Am Assoc Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2000;4:131\u201344.","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"},{"key":"2567_CR7","first-page":"32","volume":"18","author":"L Kowal","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kowal L, Kumar VJ. Fixation linked hypotropia in high myopia. A report of two similar cases. Binocul Vis Strabismus Q. 2003;18:32.","journal-title":"Binocul Vis Strabismus Q"},{"unstructured":"Kraft S, Irving E, Steinbach M, Levin A. A case of hypotropic dissociated vertical deviation: surgical management. In: Spiritus M, ed. Transactions of the 25th meeting of the European Strabismological Association. Lisse: Aeolus Press; 2000. pp. 93\u20135.","key":"2567_CR8"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-020-02567-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13256-020-02567-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-020-02567-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T14:31:27Z","timestamp":1607610687000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13256-020-02567-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2567"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13256-020-02567-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-1947"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1752-1947"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 July 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 October 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 December 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was obtained from the faculty of medicine of Damascus University ethics committee. Informed consent was obtained from the patient\u2019s parents for publication of this case report.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient's legal guardians for publication of this case report and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests regarding the publication of this article","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"241"}}