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This study determines the efficacy and safety of autologous conditioned serum (Orthokine) injection into the foramen oval to treat refractory trigeminal neuralgia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This is a consecutive case series from the Pain and Palliative Care Department of Imam Reza University Hospital, Tabriz, Iran. Eleven Iranian patients, eligible according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, aged 45.64\u00a0\u00b1\u200a11.58\u00a0years (Four male and seven female, all Iranian) with established classical trigeminal neuralgia were injected with Orthokine (2\u00a0mL per injection) once a week for three consecutive weeks (total of four injections). Numeric rating scale scores for facial pain intensity and also carbamazepine daily dose were confirmed at pretreatment (T0) and at week 1 (T1), week 2 (T2), week 3 (T3), week 4 (T4), and month 2 (T5) posttreatment. Pain intensity was significantly reduced in the first 3\u00a0weeks of follow-up in comparison with baseline (T0 to T3) (8.18\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.99 to 2.82\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.13, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), an effect that was retained at week 4 (T4) and month 2 (T5) follow-ups (2.82\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.13 to 3.36\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.69, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.886). Carbamazepine consumption was significantly reduced in the first 3\u00a0weeks of follow-up in comparison with baseline (T0 to T3) (636.36\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0307.48 to 200.00\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0296.64, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003), an effect that was retained at week 4 and month 2 follow-ups (200.00\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0296.64 to 200.00\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0282.84, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.802). There were no serious adverse events in participants.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Orthokine injection led to consistent pain relief and reduced carbamazepine dosage in patients with trigeminal neuralgia, with acceptable safety.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-022-03393-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,7]],"date-time":"2022-05-07T23:03:27Z","timestamp":1651964607000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Autologous conditioned serum (Orthokine) injection for treatment of classical trigeminal neuralgia: results of a single-center case series"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8374-9903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawood","family":"Aghamohammadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5986-3818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahrzad","family":"Sharifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3815-4091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyed Kazem","family":"Shakouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9056-4250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yashar","family":"Eslampour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1358-1003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neda","family":"Dolatkhah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"3393_CR1","unstructured":"International Headache Society. 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Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2015;40(16):E915\u201321.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-022-03393-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13256-022-03393-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-022-03393-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,7]],"date-time":"2022-05-07T23:04:47Z","timestamp":1651964687000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13256-022-03393-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,8]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3393"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13256-022-03393-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-1947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-1947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 January 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 March 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 May 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This case series was written after obtaining patients\u2019 informed consent for publication. The patients did not undergo additional diagnostic procedures or therapeutic plans for this case report. The ethics committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences certified this case series on 20\/05\/2019 (IR.TBZMED.REC.1398.170).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patients for publication of this case series report and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"183"}}