{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T19:58:48Z","timestamp":1793735928278,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]],"date-time":"2022-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662595200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]],"date-time":"2022-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Accessory breast(s) is defined as the presence of more than two breasts with or without a nipple and areola in human beings. It may occur anywhere along the primitive embryonic milk lines, which extend from the axilla to the groin. Accessory breast tissue can potentially undergo the same physiological and pathological processes as the normally located breast, including lactational change, fibroadenoma, and carcinoma. Although common in the normally located breast tissue, the incidence of fibroadenoma in accessory breast tissue is rare. Furthermore, if the swelling occurs in the axilla or groin, it may present a diagnostic challenge by clinically mimicking a lymphoma or other causes of lymphadenopathy. Owing to its rarity and its tendency to pose a clinical diagnostic challenge, we decided to report a case of fibroadenoma in axillary accessory breast.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 28-year-old Ethiopian female patient came to University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital with a complaint of left axillary swelling of 3\u00a0years duration. There was no history of cough, fever, weight loss, or night sweating. On physical examination, there was an approximately 5\u00a0\u00d7\u00a04\u00a0cm, firm, well-defined, mobile, nontender solitary mass in the left axilla that was completely separated from the left breast. Fine-needle aspiration cytology suggested a diagnosis of fibroadenoma in axillary accessory breast tissue. The mass was completely excised, and histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis. Her recovery was uneventful. She was informed about the diagnosis, reassured, and discharged from care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the clinical evaluation of a patient with axillary swelling, accessory breast tissue disorders such as fibroadenoma must be considered as a differential diagnosis for early diagnostic workup and management. Moreover, this case underscores the fact that, similar to normal breast tissue, accessory breast tissue is also susceptible to the same pathologic disease processes including neoplasms such as fibroadenoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-022-03540-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T23:02:44Z","timestamp":1662591764000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Fibroadenoma in axillary accessory breast tissue: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ermias Teklehaimanot","family":"Yefter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yitagesu Aberra","family":"Shibiru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"3540_CR1","first-page":"354","volume-title":"Langman\u2019s medical embroyology","author":"TW Saddler","year":"2012","unstructured":"Saddler TW. Langman\u2019s medical embroyology. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2012. p. 354."},{"issue":"10","key":"3540_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3446","DOI":"10.18203\/2349-2902.isj20184108","volume":"5","author":"M Amir","year":"2018","unstructured":"Amir M, Aravind K, Shaikh H. A rare case of fibroadenoma in ectopic breast tissue of axilla\u202f: case report. Int Surg J. 2018;5(10):3446\u20139.","journal-title":"Int Surg J."},{"issue":"6957","key":"3540_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.309.6957.797","volume":"309","author":"J Dixon","year":"1994","unstructured":"Dixon J, Mansel R. Congenital problems and aberrations of normal breast development and involution. Br Med J. 1994;309(6957):797\u2013800.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"5","key":"3540_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2016.04.008","volume":"29","author":"A Surd","year":"2016","unstructured":"Surd A, Mironescu A, Gocan H. Fibroadenoma in axillary supernumerary breast in a 17-year-old girl: case report. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2016;29(5):e79-81.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol"},{"issue":"10","key":"3540_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310050944","volume":"157","author":"H Schmidt","year":"1998","unstructured":"Schmidt H. Supernumerary nipples: prevalence, size, sex and side predilection\u2014a prospective clinical study. Eur J Pediatr. 1998;157(10):821\u20133.","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"3540_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.4103\/1658-631X.142564","volume":"2","author":"S Singh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Singh S, Bhargava A. Axillary fibroadenoma: case report and review of literature. Saudi J Med Med Sci. 2014;2(3):207.","journal-title":"Saudi J Med Med Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"3540_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-200093010-00005","volume":"93","author":"NA Grossl","year":"2000","unstructured":"Grossl NA. Supernumerary breast tissue: historical perspectives and clinical features. South Med J. 2000;93(1):29\u201332.","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"3540_CR8","unstructured":"Gajaria PK. Fibroadenoma in axillary ectopic breast tissue mimicking lymphadenopathy. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017;11(3):10\u20131. http:\/\/jcdr.net\/article_fulltext.asp?issn=0973-709x&year=2017&volume=11&issue=3&page=ED01&issn=0973-709x&id=9358"},{"issue":"6","key":"3540_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(03)00467-5","volume":"49","author":"AE Burdick","year":"2003","unstructured":"Burdick AE, Thomas KA, Welsh E, Powell J, Elgart GW. Axillary polymastia. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003;49(6):1154\u20136.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol."},{"key":"3540_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shin SJ, Sheikh FS, Allenby PA, Rosen PP. Invasive secretory (juvenile) carcinoma arising in ectopic breast tissue of the axilla. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2001;125(10):1372\u20134.","DOI":"10.5858\/2001-125-1372-ISJCAI"},{"key":"3540_CR11","first-page":"143","volume":"1","author":"Y Kajava","year":"1915","unstructured":"Kajava Y. The proportions of supernumerary nipples in the Finnish population. Duodecim. 1915;1:143\u201370.","journal-title":"Duodecim"},{"issue":"1","key":"3540_CR12","first-page":"575","volume":"5","author":"S Kohli","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kohli S, Garg P, Kharkwal S, Verma AK. Rare clinical entity\u2014fibroadenoma of ectopic breast tissue. Indian J Basic Appl Med Res. 2015;5(1):575\u20138.","journal-title":"Indian J Basic Appl Med Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"3540_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.4103\/2278-0513.132120","volume":"3","author":"S Goyal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Goyal S, Sangwan S, Singh P, Bawa R. Fibroadenoma of axillary ectopic breast tissue: a rare clinical entity. Clin Cancer Investig J. 2014;3(3):242.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Investig J."},{"issue":"apr26 1","key":"3540_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bcr2015209535","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2015-209535","volume":"2015","author":"SK Tiwary","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tiwary SK, Kumar P, Khanna AK. Fibroadenoma in axilla: another manifestation of ectopic breast. Case Rep. 2015;2015(apr26 1):bcr2015209535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2015-209535.","journal-title":"Case Rep"},{"key":"3540_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/947295","volume":"2013","author":"A Amaranathan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Amaranathan A, Balaguruswamy K, Bhat RV, Bora MK. An ectopic breast tissue presenting with fibroadenoma in axilla. Case Rep Surg. 2013;2013:1\u20133.","journal-title":"Case Rep Surg."},{"key":"3540_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coras B, Landthaler M, Hofstaedter F, Meisel C, Hohenleutner U. Fibroadenoma of the axilla. Dermatol Surg. 2005;31(9).","DOI":"10.1097\/00042728-200509000-00015"},{"key":"3540_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soltanian H, Lee M. Breast fibroadenomas in adolescents: current perspectives. Adolesc Health Med Ther. 2015;159.","DOI":"10.2147\/AHMT.S55833"},{"issue":"1","key":"3540_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1343992","volume":"27","author":"F Cerrato","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cerrato F, Labow BI. Diagnosis and management of fibroadenomas in the adolescent breast. Semin Plast Surg. 2013;27(1):23\u20135.","journal-title":"Semin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"3540_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.17159\/2078-5151\/2018\/v56n3a2444","volume":"56","author":"M Motsumi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Motsumi M, Narasimhamurthy M, Gabolwelwe M. Fibroadenoma in the axillary accessory breast. S Afr J Surg. 2018;56(3):30\u20131.","journal-title":"S Afr J Surg"},{"key":"3540_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goyal S, Pujani M. Bilateral axillary accessory breast with fibroadenoma\u202f: a rare case with review. 2021;(Figure 1):1\u20135.","DOI":"10.23880\/MJCCS-16000279"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-022-03540-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13256-022-03540-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-022-03540-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,18]],"date-time":"2023-02-18T11:28:11Z","timestamp":1676719691000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13256-022-03540-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3540"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13256-022-03540-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-1947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-1947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 November 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 July 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 September 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"341"}}