{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T13:04:07Z","timestamp":1792847047208,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,27]],"date-time":"2022-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669507200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,27]],"date-time":"2022-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Umbilical discharge in an adult is rare and generates broad diagnostic considerations. Umbilical anatomy is variable owing to congenital abnormalities and acquired pathology such as umbilical hernias. The umbilicus can be a site of primary or metastatic malignancy or endometriosis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A 40-year-old white American woman came to the clinic with a 2-day history of spontaneous umbilical bleeding. She reported periumbilical pain associated with nausea and emesis. There were no visible skin abnormalities, but deep palpation of the abdomen produced a thin, watery, serosanguineous fluid from the umbilicus. She experienced a similar episode of umbilical bleeding 5\u00a0years prior without clear cause. Laboratory workup was notable for mildly elevated C-reactive protein . Computed tomography imaging revealed a fat-containing umbilical hernia with fat necrosis, necessitating complete surgical resection of the umbilicus.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Umbilical hernia with fat necrosis is a rare condition that should be considered in adults with umbilical discharge. Additional diagnostic considerations in adults with spontaneous umbilical bleeding\/discharge include embryonal remnants, omphalitis, and metastasis. If the cause is not readily apparent on physical exam, imaging with computed tomography should be considered to assess for hernia and embryonal anomalies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-022-03675-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,27]],"date-time":"2022-11-27T11:17:25Z","timestamp":1669547845000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A woman with recurrent umbilical bleeding: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yong-hun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abigail K.","family":"Wegehaupt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majken T.","family":"Wingo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"3675_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4076\/1757-1626-2-7785","author":"DP Sarma","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sarma DP, Teruya B. \u201cLint ball\u201d omphalitis, a rare cause of umbilical discharge in an adult woman: a case report. Cases J. 2009. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4076\/1757-1626-2-7785.","journal-title":"Cases J"},{"key":"3675_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2015-209647","author":"I Sarantitis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sarantitis I, Satherley H, Varia H, Pettit S. Recurrent major umbilical bleeding caused by omental varices in two patients with umbilical hernia and portal hypertension. BMJ Case Rep. 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2015-209647.","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"3675_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-020-00929-3","author":"S Jhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jhang S, Chen M, Chen LC. Concurrent m\u00fcllerianosis of the urinary bladder and the umbilicus presenting with umbilical bleeding: a rare case report and review of the literature. BMC Womens Health. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12905-020-00929-3.","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"3675_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-235604","author":"N Agarwal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Agarwal N, Gupta N, Vats M, Garg M. Complexities of an uncomplicated symptom: two cases of umbilical discharge. BMJ Case Rep. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-235604.","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"3675_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000000443","author":"T Tull","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tull T, Daramola OO, Banerjee P, Giles A, Hoque S. Bleeding umbilical nodule. Am J Dermatopathol. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/DAD.0000000000000443.","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"key":"3675_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.00725.x","author":"CP Lewis","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lewis CP, Murthy S, Webber SM, Chokhavatia S. Hemorrhage from recanalized umbilical vein in a patient with cirrhosis. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.00725.x.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"3675_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.29.9.1279","author":"HR van Buuren","year":"1988","unstructured":"van Buuren HR, Fick TE, Schalm SW. Recurrent bleeding from cutaneous venous collaterals in portal hypertension. Gut. 1988. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.29.9.1279.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"3675_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2012.01964.x","author":"K Obata","year":"2013","unstructured":"Obata K, Ikoma N, Oomura G, Inoue Y. Clear cell adenocarcinoma arising from umbilical endometriosis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2012.01964.x.","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-022-03675-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13256-022-03675-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-022-03675-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,27]],"date-time":"2022-11-27T11:17:31Z","timestamp":1669547851000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13256-022-03675-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,27]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3675"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13256-022-03675-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-1947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-1947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 January 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 November 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 November 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"444"}}