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Spinal cysticercosis is thought to be relatively rare, and spinal nerve root sleeve cysticercosis have not been reported previously.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 46-year-old Chinese Han female patient presented with low back pain and radicular pain of the right lower limb. The visual analog scale was 6. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a subarachnoid cyst at the S1 level, with a slight enhanced rim. The patient underwent surgical treatment. During surgery, we found the cyst located mainly in the subarachnoid space and partly in a sacral nerve root sleeve. Cysticercosis was also confirmed by postoperative pathological examination. Postoperative drug therapy was performed after cysticercosis was confirmed. Postoperatively, the patient was treated with oral albendazole (15\u00a0mg\/kg) for 1\u00a0month. Only mild sensory impairment was left when she was discharged. After 3\u00a0years of follow-up, the visual analog scale reduced from 6 to 2, and the patient\u2019s sensory function completely recovered. Magnetic resonance imaging showed no recurrence of cysticercosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subarachnoid cysticercosis may extend to nerve root sleeve causing back pain and radiculopathy, which may present with similar magnetic resonance imaging manifestations to Tarlov cysts. Hence, spinal subarachnoid cysticercosis should be considered as an important differential diagnosis of arachnoid cyst and sacral Tarlov cyst. Combined treatment with surgical removal and drug therapy is effective to manage spinal subarachnoid cysticercosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-022-03733-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T11:02:59Z","timestamp":1677063779000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Spinal nerve root sleeve cysticercosis: a case report and \u00a0review of the\u00a0literature"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Benzhang","family":"Tao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaipeng","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0002-5331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aijia","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"3733_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1985.00360030074016","volume":"145","author":"J Sotelo","year":"1985","unstructured":"Sotelo J, Guerrero V, Rubio F. 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A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"80"}}