{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T14:56:27Z","timestamp":1772204187206,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692748800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The Warburg effect is a rare condition in tumor biology, illustrated by significant lactate production in the presence of oxygen. The Warburg effect is associated with very poor prognosis in patients with malignancy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We report a 76-year-old Caucasian woman with double-expressor diffuse large B cell lymphoma who presented with severe lactic acidosis and extreme hypoglycemia with normal mentation. Her lactic acidosis was initially controlled with a bicarbonate infusion, and the patient was started promptly on steroids, followed by chemotherapy, but her clinical course was complicated by tumor lysis syndrome, acute renal failure requiring hemodialysis, and progressive liver failure. She manifested a temporary clinical response to chemotherapy but eventually died of complications.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This case demonstrates the importance of prompt recognition of the Warburg effect, aggressive supportive measures, and early initiation of chemotherapy. Future studies are needed to characterize the role of hemodialysis in this setting.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-023-04079-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T00:02:21Z","timestamp":1692748941000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Clinical presentation of Warburg effect in aggressive lymphoma: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yenong","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret C.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma L.","family":"Hanlon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"York","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Z.","family":"Afzal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christi A.","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"John M.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"4079_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2819","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12102819","volume":"12","author":"RM Pascale","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pascale RM, Calvisi DF, Simile MM, Feo CF, Feo F. The Warburg effect 97 years after its discovery. Cancers. 2020;12(10):2819.","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"4079_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/534561","volume":"2009","author":"FH Chan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chan FH, Carl D, Lyckholm LJ. Severe lactic acidosis in a patient with B-cell lymphoma: a case report and review of the literature. Case Rep Med. 2009;2009:1\u20136.","journal-title":"Case Rep Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4079_CR3","first-page":"25","volume":"5","author":"WM Claudino","year":"2015","unstructured":"Claudino WM, Dias A, Tse W, Sharma VR. Type B lactic acidosis: a rare but life threatening hematologic emergency. A case illustration and brief review. Am J Blood Res. 2015;5(1):25\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Blood Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"4079_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI31669","volume":"117","author":"PE Cryer","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cryer PE. Hypoglycemia, functional brain failure, and brain death. J Clin Invest. 2007;117(4):868\u201370.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"12","key":"4079_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4311","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2327","volume":"97","author":"GC Elhomsy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Elhomsy GC, Eranki V, Albert SG, Fesler MJ, Parker SM, Michael AG, et\u00a0al. \u201cHyper-warburgism\u201d, a cause of asymptomatic hypoglycemia with lactic acidosis in a patient with non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(12):4311\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"4079_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.00920","volume":"14","author":"ML Goodwin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goodwin ML, Gladden LB, Nijsten MWN. Lactate-protected hypoglycemia (LPH). Front Neurosci. 2020;14:920.","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"4079_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.06.023","volume":"67","author":"B Scheiner","year":"2017","unstructured":"Scheiner B, Lindner G, Reiberger T, Schneeweiss B, Trauner M, Zauner C, et\u00a0al. Acid\u2013base disorders in liver disease. J Hepatol. 2017;67(5):1062\u201373.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"14","key":"4079_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/2050-6511-14-22","volume":"12","author":"F Kajbaf","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kajbaf F, Lalau J-D. The prognostic value of blood pH and lactate and metformin concentrations in severe metformin-associated lactic acidosis. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2013;12(14):22.","journal-title":"BMC Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4079_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065283","volume":"8","author":"HJ Kim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim HJ, Son YK, An WS. Effect of sodium bicarbonate administration on mortality in patients with lactic acidosis: a retrospective analysis. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(6): e65283.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"6","key":"4079_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R149","DOI":"10.1186\/cc7137","volume":"12","author":"N Peters","year":"2008","unstructured":"Peters N, Jay N, Barraud D, Cravoisy A, Nace L, Bollaert P-E, et\u00a0al. Metformin-associated lactic acidosis in an intensive care unit. Crit Care Lond Engl. 2008;12(6):R149.","journal-title":"Crit Care Lond Engl"},{"issue":"8","key":"4079_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023200","volume":"6","author":"G Keller","year":"2011","unstructured":"Keller G, Cour M, Hernu R, Illinger J, Robert D, Argaud L. Management of metformin-associated lactic acidosis by continuous renal replacement therapy. PLoS ONE. 2011;6(8): e23200.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"20","key":"4079_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2375","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-01-643569","volume":"127","author":"SH Swerdlow","year":"2016","unstructured":"Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Pileri SA, Harris NL, Stein H, Siebert R, et\u00a0al. The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Blood. 2016;127(20):2375\u201390.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"20","key":"4079_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4021","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-10-460063","volume":"121","author":"S Hu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hu S, Xu-Monette ZY, Tzankov A, Green T, Wu L, Balasubramanyam A, et\u00a0al. MYC\/BCL2 protein coexpression contributes to the inferior survival of activated B-cell subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and demonstrates high-risk gene expression signatures: a report from The International DLBCL Rituximab-CHOP Consortium Program. Blood. 2013;121(20):4021\u201331 (quiz 4250).","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-023-04079-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13256-023-04079-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-023-04079-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]],"date-time":"2023-11-18T14:39:31Z","timestamp":1700318371000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13256-023-04079-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4079"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13256-023-04079-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-1947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-1947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 April 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 July 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 August 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"None.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"380"}}