{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T17:23:42Z","timestamp":1788024222553,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709856000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Intermuscular hydatid cyst is one of the rarest types of hydatid cyst, and as far as we know, only nine cases were reported in the literature before this study.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We present a 10-year-old Iranian child with an intermuscular cystic mass in the medial-distal thigh. Despite the typical imaging findings, the patient's serological and hematological tests were negative for hydatid cyst. The cyst underwent wide excision accompanied by neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy with Albendazole. No evidence of recurrence was detected during the one-year follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Hydatid cysts should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue cystic masses in endemic areas, and aspiration or drainage should be avoided as much as possible, even when serological tests are negative and imaging is non-diagnostic. In cases where the diagnosis of a hydatid cyst has been confirmed before the surgery, it is recommended to approach the cyst, like a tumor with chemotherapy using Albendazole both before and after wide cyst excision.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-024-04405-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T01:02:12Z","timestamp":1709859732000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Primary seronegative intermuscular hydatidosis in a child, an infection that should be approached like a tumor: a case report and review of the\u00a0literature"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Reza","family":"Tavakoli Darestani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gholamhossein","family":"Kazemian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sina","family":"Afzal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mojtaba","family":"Baroutkoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahdi","family":"Aghaalikhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4073-9876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farzad","family":"Amouzadeh Omrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"4405_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.4103\/jwas.jwas_286_22","volume":"13","author":"BB Niraula","year":"2023","unstructured":"Niraula BB, Regmi A, Bansal S, Dhingra M, Phulware RH, Bhagat SK. Hydatid disease of tibia reconstructed with allograft: a rare case report and literature review. J West Afr College Surg. 2023;13(2):122.","journal-title":"J West Afr College Surg"},{"key":"4405_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2005.11.030","volume":"55","author":"SM Sadjjadi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sadjjadi SM. Present situation of echinococcosis in the Middle East and Arabic North Africa. Parasitol Int. 2006;55:S197\u2013202.","journal-title":"Parasitol Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"4405_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.5812\/kmp.iranjradiol.17351065.3162","volume":"8","author":"H Ghanaati","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ghanaati H, Mohammadifar M, Ghajarzadeh M, Firouznia K, Motevalli M, Jalali AH. Hydatid cyst of the knee: a case report. Iran J Radiol. 2011;8(3):170.","journal-title":"Iran J Radiol"},{"key":"4405_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1007\/s003300050077","volume":"10","author":"A Garcia-Diez","year":"2000","unstructured":"Garcia-Diez A, Ros Mendoza L, Villacampa V, Cozar M, Fuertes M. MRI evaluation of soft tissue hydatid disease. Eur Radiol. 2000;10:462\u20136.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"4405_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1293498","volume":"15","author":"R Arkun","year":"2011","unstructured":"Arkun R, Mete BD. Musculoskeletal hydatid disease. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2011;15:527.","journal-title":"Semin Musculoskelet Radiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"4405_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2007.07.051","volume":"42","author":"L Cankorkmaz","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cankorkmaz L, Ozturk H, Koyluoglu G, Atalar MH, Arslan MS. Intermuscular hydatid cyst in a 4-year-old child: a case report. J Pediatr Surg. 2007;42(11):1946\u20138.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"4405_CR7","unstructured":"Cevik M. Unusual primary hydatid cyst from soft tissue in children: four cases and review of literature. jurnalul pediatrului. 2012;15."},{"key":"4405_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-002-0785-5","volume":"32","author":"S Andronikou","year":"2002","unstructured":"Andronikou S, Welman CJ, Kader E. Classic and unusual appearances of hydatid disease in children. Pediatr Radiol. 2002;32:817\u201328.","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4405_CR9","first-page":"180","volume":"37","author":"G Salamone","year":"2016","unstructured":"Salamone G, Licari L, Randisi B, Falco N, Tutino R, Vaglica A, et al. Uncommon localizations of hydatid cyst. Review of the literature. II Giornale di chirurgia. 2016;37(4):180.","journal-title":"II Giornale di chirurgia."},{"issue":"3","key":"4405_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.4103\/1755-6783.98624","volume":"5","author":"SS Rao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rao SS, Mehra B, Narang R. The spectrum of hydatid disease in rural central India: an 11-year experience. Ann Trop Med Public Health. 2012;5(3):225.","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Public Health."},{"key":"4405_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-020-00916-0","volume":"11","author":"G Durhan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Durhan G, Tan AA, D\u00fczg\u00fcn SA, Akkaya S, Ar\u0131y\u00fcrek OM. Radiological manifestations of thoracic hydatid cysts: pulmonary and extrapulmonary findings. Insights Imaging. 2020;11:1\u201311.","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"4405_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-021-02843-5","volume":"21","author":"RA Khasawneh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khasawneh RA, Mohaidat ZM, Khasawneh RA, Zoghoul SB, Henawi YM. Unusual intramuscular locations as a first presentation of hydatid cyst disease in children: a report of two cases. BMC Pediatr. 2021;21(1):371.","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"4405_CR13","first-page":"126","volume":"14","author":"N Gougoulias","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gougoulias N, Varitimidis S, Bargiotas K, Dovas T, Karydakis G, Dailiana Z. Skeletal muscle hydatid cysts presenting as soft tissue masses. Hippokratia. 2010;14(2):126.","journal-title":"Hippokratia"},{"key":"4405_CR14","unstructured":"Balioglu MB, Gok M, Ozcan HE, Alpak O. An unusual cause of circulatory disorder due to a rare intermuscular hydatid cyst of cruris: a case report."},{"issue":"06","key":"4405_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.1766","volume":"6","author":"R Alimehmeti","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alimehmeti R, Seferi A, Rroji A, Alimehmeti M. Saphenous neuropathy due to large hydatid cyst within long adductor muscle: case report and literature review. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2012;6(06):531\u20135.","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries"},{"key":"4405_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2015.02.008","volume":"8","author":"S Tuna","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tuna S, Duymus TM, Yanik HS, Durakbasa MO, Mutlu S, Erdem S. Hydatid cyst of biceps brachii associated with peripheral neuropathy. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2015;8:150\u20133.","journal-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep"},{"issue":"2403","key":"4405_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.2403.136","volume":"1","author":"EC Bevers","year":"1907","unstructured":"Bevers EC. Hydatid cyst of the neck, with cellulitis caused by rupture and escape of hydatid fluid. BMJ. 1907;1(2403):136.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4405_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s12306-010-0056-9","volume":"94","author":"M Hamdi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hamdi M, Touati B, Abid A. Primary hydatid cyst of the biceps femoris. Musculoskelet Surg. 2010;94:59\u201361.","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"4405_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2017160172","volume":"37","author":"E Zalaquett","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zalaquett E, Menias C, Garrido F, Vargas M, Olivares JF, Campos D, et al. Imaging of hydatid disease with a focus on extrahepatic involvement. Radiographics. 2017;37(3):901\u201323.","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"2","key":"4405_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2010.10.009","volume":"9","author":"C Kayaalp","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kayaalp C, Dirican A, Aydin C. Primary subcutaneous hydatid cysts: a review of 22 cases. Int J Surg. 2011;9(2):117\u201321.","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"4405_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1080\/000164702753671858","volume":"73","author":"F Garc\u00eda-Alvarez","year":"2002","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Alvarez F, Torcal J, Salinas JC, Navarro A, Garc\u00eda-Alvarez I, Navarro-Zorraquino M, et al. Musculoskeletal hydatid disease: a report of 13 cases. Acta Orthop Scand. 2002;73(2):227\u201331.","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"issue":"3","key":"4405_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2006.08.007","volume":"28","author":"H Kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f H, \u00d6zt\u00fcrkcan S, \u00d6zdemir \u0130, G\u00fcven\u00e7 \u0130A, \u00d6zturan \u015e. Primary hydatid cyst of the neck. Am J Otolaryngol. 2007;28(3):205\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"4405_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2021.01.089","volume":"80","author":"V Lakhanpal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lakhanpal V, Badgurjar M, Saxena P. An arcane case report of primary intramuscular hydatid cyst of thigh. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2021;80: 105595.","journal-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"4405_CR24","first-page":"23","volume":"8","author":"AK Dalal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dalal AK, Dalal UR, Vardhan JV, Dhawan S, Dahiya H. A rare case of large hydatid cyst at atypical location: case study. Asian J Case Rep Surg. 2021;8(1):23\u20136.","journal-title":"Asian J Case Rep Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"4405_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2008.08.003","volume":"6","author":"SH Arif","year":"2008","unstructured":"Arif SH, Wani NA, Zargar SA, Wani MA, Tabassum R, Hussain Z, et al. Albendazole as an adjuvant to the standard surgical management of hydatid cyst liver. Int J Surg. 2008;6(6):448\u201351.","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4405_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s002680020011","volume":"25","author":"TD Sielaff","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sielaff TD, Taylor B, Langer B. Recurrence of hydatid disease. World J Surg. 2001;25(1):83.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"4405_CR27","first-page":"877","volume":"8","author":"A Aktan","year":"1996","unstructured":"Aktan A, Yalin R. Preoperative albendazole treatment for liver hydatid disease decreases the viability of the cyst. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1996;8(9):877\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4405_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/S0720-048X(00)00188-1","volume":"36","author":"M Bayram","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bayram M, Sirikci A. Hydatic cyst located intermuscular area of the forearm: MR imaging findings. Eur J Radiol. 2000;36(3):130\u20132.","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4405_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20080101-29","volume":"31","author":"SJ Mortazavi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mortazavi SJ, Motamedi M, Asadollahi S, Haeri H, Moghtadaee M. Primary intermuscular hydatid cyst of the thigh. Orthopedics (Online). 2008;31(1):85.","journal-title":"Orthopedics (Online)"},{"issue":"4","key":"4405_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.4103\/eoj.eoj_80_17","volume":"52","author":"L Abumunaser","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abumunaser L. Primary intermuscular hydatid cyst of the posterior thigh: a rare presentation. Egypt Orthop J. 2017;52(4):333.","journal-title":"Egypt Orthop J."},{"key":"4405_CR31","unstructured":"Talal G, Saudi F, Ouazzani N, Fekhaoui M, Boufetal M, Reda-Allah B. Intermuscular hydatid cyst isolated from the arm."},{"issue":"6","key":"4405_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.15406\/joentr.2018.10.00386","volume":"10","author":"A Malik","year":"2018","unstructured":"Malik A, Nabi N, Bari A. Recurrent primary intermuscular hydatid cyst of thigh-a case report. J Otolaryngol ENT Res. 2018;10(6):382\u20133.","journal-title":"J Otolaryngol ENT Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"4405_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5055","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_899_20","volume":"9","author":"SP Meena","year":"2020","unstructured":"Meena SP, Raj R, Puranik A, Kompally PV. Primary echinococcal cyst in Trapezius muscle: an unusual intermuscular hydatidosis and review of literature. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020;9(9):5055.","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"4405_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.5455\/annalsmedres.2020.02.141","volume":"28","author":"P Karakol","year":"2021","unstructured":"Karakol P, Tatar BE. Unexpected location of hydatid cyst. Ann Med Res. 2021;28:608.","journal-title":"Ann Med Res."}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-024-04405-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13256-024-04405-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-024-04405-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,10]],"date-time":"2024-03-10T15:03:38Z","timestamp":1710083018000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13256-024-04405-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4405"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13256-024-04405-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-1947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-1947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 July 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 January 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 March 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was conducted per the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The patient\u2019s guardian was informed about the study, and provided the informed consent prior to decision for publication of the results.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient's legal guardian for publication of this case report and any\u00a0accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no financial and non-financial competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"141"}}