{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:14:17Z","timestamp":1740147257495,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]],"date-time":"2024-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711152000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]],"date-time":"2024-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Diprosopus, or craniofacial duplication, is a rare entity that occurs in approximately 1 in 180,000 to 15 million live births. The degree of duplication varies from complete facial duplication to small facial structure duplication like the nose and eye. The cause of diprosopus is unknown though there are proposed factors.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our African patient was a term 72\u00a0hours old female neonate who was referred to our center with impression of lower facial duplication with two oral cavity that are located side to side separated by large soft tissue, she also had flat nasal bridge with widely separated nostrils and widely spaced eyes. Besides the facial malformation she had multiple episodes of vomiting with aspiration. Her blood tests were normal. Precontract brain computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed partially duplicated mandible and maxilla, two oral cavity separated by large fatty tissue, brain tissue were well formed and the only abnormality was corpus callosum agenesis and interhemispheric lipoma. In her stay at hospital nasogastric tube (NG) tube feed was initiated and started with antibiotics for aspiration pneumonia. After 25th day the neonatal passed away with possible cause of death being respiratory failure.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Craniofacial duplication is a very rare anomaly with only a few cases reported. Most of these patients are stillborn, even if they survive the prognosis is often poor. Early prenatal diagnosis is very important as termination of pregnancy can sometimes be considered an option.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-024-04423-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]],"date-time":"2024-03-23T01:01:46Z","timestamp":1711155706000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Partial facial duplication (diprosopus): a\u00a0 case report and review of the\u00a0literature"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0984-9628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fathia Omer","family":"Salah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yohannes Girma","family":"Zewdie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Semienew","family":"Ambachew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amal Saleh","family":"Nour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tewodros","family":"Endale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"4423_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23549","volume":"106","author":"MP Bidondo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bidondo MP, Groisman B, Tardivo A, Tomasoni F, Tejeiro V, Camacho I, Vilas M, Liascovich R, Barbero P. Diprosopus: systematic review and report of two cases. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2016;106(12):993\u20131007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdra.23549.","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4423_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2261011754","volume":"226","author":"S H\u00e4hnel","year":"2003","unstructured":"H\u00e4hnel S, Schramm P, Hassfeld S, Steiner HH, Seitz A. Craniofacial duplication (diprosopus): CT, MR imaging, and MR angiography findings case report. Radiology. 2003;226(1):210\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2261011754.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"4423_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.4103\/ajns.AJNS_202_17.P","volume":"13","author":"M Bhuyan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bhuyan M, Haque I. Diprosopus a rare craniofacial malformation. Asian J Neurosurg. 2018;13(4):1257\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ajns.AJNS_202_17.P.","journal-title":"Asian J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"4423_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420250205","volume":"25","author":"M Barr Jr","year":"1982","unstructured":"Barr M Jr. Facial duplication: case, review, and embryogenesis. Teratology. 1982;25(2):153\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/tera.1420250205.","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"issue":"1","key":"4423_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-2243(94)01937-3","volume":"58","author":"SS Amr","year":"1995","unstructured":"Amr SS, Hammouri MF. Craniofacial duplication (diprosopus): report of a case with a review of the literature. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1995;58(1):77\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0028-2243(94)01937-3.","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"issue":"9","key":"4423_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2013\/5658.3395","volume":"7","author":"P Suryawanshi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Suryawanshi P, Deshpande M, Verma N, Mahendrakar V, Mahendrakar S. Craniofacial duplication: a case report. J Clin Diagn Res. 2013;7(9):2025\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7860\/JCDR\/2013\/5658.3395.","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4423_CR7","first-page":"74","volume":"30","author":"FA Chervenak","year":"1985","unstructured":"Chervenak FA, Pinto MM, Heller CI, Norooz H. Obstetric significance of fetal craniofacial duplication. A case report. J Reprod Med. 1985;30(1):74\u20136.","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"4423_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198167020-00002","volume":"67","author":"IM Turpin","year":"1981","unstructured":"Turpin IM, Furnas DW, Amlie RN. Craniofacial duplication (diprosopus). Plast Reconstruct Surg. 1981;67:139\u201342.","journal-title":"Plast Reconstruct Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"4423_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.1987.6.2.93","volume":"6","author":"S Strauss","year":"1987","unstructured":"Strauss S, Tamarkin M, Engelberg S, Ben Ami T, Goodman RM. Prenatal sonographic appearance of diprosopus. J Ultrasound Med. 1987;6(2):93\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7863\/jum.1987.6.2.93.","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"4423_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420450604","volume":"45","author":"R Spencer","year":"1992","unstructured":"Spencer R. Conjoined twins: theoretical embryologic basis. Teratology. 1992;45(6):591\u2013602. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/tera.1420450604.","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"issue":"3","key":"4423_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.4038\/sljch.v45i3.8002","volume":"45","author":"P Paria","year":"2016","unstructured":"Paria P, Halder RC, Ghosh S. Diprosopus twin. Sri Lanka J Child Health. 2016;45(3):231\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4038\/sljch.v45i3.8002.","journal-title":"Sri Lanka J Child Health"},{"key":"4423_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.4103\/wajr.wajr_33_17","volume":"25","author":"RS Yahaya","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yahaya RS, Suwaid MA, Hassan S, Lawal Y, Hassan I, Gwaram BA, et al. A \u201cthree-eyed\u201d infant: a case of partial facialduplication (diprosopus monocephalus triophthalmos). West Afr J Radiol. 2018;25:79\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/wajr.wajr_33_17.","journal-title":"West Afr J Radiol"},{"key":"4423_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/279815","volume":"2014","author":"KM Thornton","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thornton KM, Bennett T, Singh V, Mardis N, Linebarger J, Kilbride H, Voos K. A case of diprosopus: perinatal counseling and management. Case Rep Pediatr. 2014;2014: 279815. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/279815.","journal-title":"Case Rep Pediatr"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-024-04423-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13256-024-04423-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-024-04423-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]],"date-time":"2024-03-23T01:01:55Z","timestamp":1711155715000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13256-024-04423-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4423"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13256-024-04423-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-1947"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1752-1947"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 January 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 March 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the parent for publication of this case report and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"176"}}