{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T22:11:27Z","timestamp":1771711887538,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,6]],"date-time":"2024-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712361600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,6]],"date-time":"2024-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>S-lon\u00ae (<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>) is a locally produced polyvinyl chloride-based solvent cement. It is a clear, slightly viscous liquid. Other constituents include 1-cyclohexanone, 3-butanone, and 1-acetone. It is used ubiquitously for building construction in Sri Lanka. Although the clinical effects of the compound have not yet been ascertained, the constituents have been implicated in neurotoxicity, respiratory tract, eye and skin irritation, and delayed liver and renal injury.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case description<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A 42-year-old South Asian male presented following self-ingestion of <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. His vital parameters were stable and initially managed symptomatically. A few hours later, he developed central nervous system depression and stridor requiring elective intubation. Examination of the upper airway revealed inflammation and edema. He was sedated and ventilated, and intravenous dexamethasone was administered. Attempts at removal of the nasogastric tube after extubation on day 3 failed. The patient had to be reintubated and sedated owing to extreme agitation not responding to routine doses of sedatives. The nasogastric tube had been amalgamated after reacting with <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>, forming a solid clump, later found after removal. The posterior pharynx and nasopharynx were packed and later removed before extubation. The patient made a full recovery and was transferred to the ward on day 5.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Ingestion of a sufficient quantity of <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic> could result in gut absorption with central nervous system depression, coma, and even death. No antidote is available for toxicity, and management is largely supportive. As witnessed in our patient, chemical laryngitis and upper airway inflammation may lead to upper airway obstruction. Chemical reactions with medical equipment may lead to unforeseen outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-024-04470-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,6]],"date-time":"2024-04-06T00:01:41Z","timestamp":1712361701000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Polyvinyl chloride solvent cement poisoning: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"S. R.","family":"Marambahewa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. A. C. T","family":"Chandrasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. A. I. C.","family":"Wijesekara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8373-4752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B. M.","family":"Munasinghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"4470_CR1","unstructured":"Material Safety Data Sheet\u2014S-lon Solvent Cement. S-lon Lanka (Pvt) Ltd. 2019. http:\/\/www.slon.lk\/storage\/app\/uploads\/public\/5c6\/553\/807\/5c655380761f5778136896.pdf. Accessed 3 Dec 2023."},{"key":"4470_CR2","unstructured":"Cyclohexane Incident Management. Public Health England. 2016. https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/566904\/cyclohexane_incident_management.pdf. Accessed 3 Dec 2023."},{"issue":"1","key":"4470_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.5487\/TR.2018.34.1.049","volume":"34","author":"YH Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee YH, Chung YH, Kim HY, Shin SH, Lee SB. Subacute inhalation toxicity of cyclohexanone in B6C3F1 mice. Toxicol Res. 2018;34(1):49\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5487\/TR.2018.34.1.049.","journal-title":"Toxicol Res"},{"key":"4470_CR4","unstructured":"New Jersey department of health. Hazardous substance fact sheet. 2009. http:\/\/www.nj.gov\/health\/eoh\/rtkweb\/documents\/fs\/0164.pdf\/. Accessed 3 Dec 2023."},{"key":"4470_CR5","unstructured":"National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem compound summary for CID 7967, cyclohexanone. 2024. https:\/\/pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/compound\/Cyclohexanone. Accessed 13 Jan 2024."},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"4470_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S241","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-23310","volume":"23","author":"B Chacko","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chacko B, Peter JV. Antidotes in poisoning. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2019;23(Suppl 4):S241\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-23310.","journal-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"4470_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1007\/s12262-022-03539-5","volume":"85","author":"M Huzaifa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huzaifa M, Sistla SC, Kumari S. An unusual case of small bowel obstruction caused by chlorinated polyvinyl chloride solvent cement consumption. Indian J Surg. 2023;85(3):652\u20134.","journal-title":"Indian J Surg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-024-04470-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13256-024-04470-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13256-024-04470-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,6]],"date-time":"2024-04-06T00:02:12Z","timestamp":1712361732000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13256-024-04470-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,6]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4470"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13256-024-04470-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-1947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-1947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 February 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 April 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"155"}}