{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:14:45Z","timestamp":1740147285397,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]],"date-time":"2024-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714953600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]],"date-time":"2024-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Sirenomelia or sirenomelia sequence, also known as mermaid syndrome, is a rare congenital anomaly involving the caudal region of the body. The syndrome is characterized by partial or complete fusion of lower extremities, renal agenesis, absent urinary tract, ambiguous external genitalia, imperforate anus, and single umbilical artery. Sirenomelia is often associated with several visceral congenital malformations, rendering it invariably incompatible with extrauterine life.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We present the case of 22-year-old Black African woman who delivered a term newborn by caesarean section at a gestation age of 37\u00a0weeks due to obstructed labor with fetal distress. The newborn was a fresh stillbirth weighing 2100\u00a0g and had fusion of the lower extremities, a single upper limb, ambiguous genitalia, imperforate anus, and a cleft lip. The mother had made only two prenatal visits, at which she was found to be normotensive and normoglycemic. She was not screened for routine fetomaternal infections and missed supplementation for folic acid during the critical first trimester. She did not undergo any obstetric ultrasonography. The\u00a0parents of the newborn were not close relatives\u00a0and there was no family\u00a0history of\u00a0consanguinity. Further genetic testing was not performed due to lack of laboratory capacity, and post\u00a0mortem examination was not permitted due to cultural taboo and restrictions relating to handling of deceased newborns.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Sirenomelia is a rare congenital malformation with very poor prognosis. Specific interventions during pre-conception and early prenatal care are critical in the prevention of specific congenital anomalies. Early obstetric ultrasonography is invaluable for diagnosis of sirenomelia as well as counseling for possible termination of pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-024-04549-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]],"date-time":"2024-05-06T00:01:56Z","timestamp":1714953716000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sirenomelia or mermaid syndrome with a cleft lip in a Tanzanian newborn: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Zakaria Ismail","family":"Wilfred","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8968-2332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ng\u2019weina Francis","family":"Magitta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"4549_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000009737","volume":"150","author":"WC Pederson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pederson WC, et\u00a0al. Sirenomelia: review of a rare syndrome with case report, review of anatomy, and thoughts on management. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2022;150(6):1321\u201331.","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"4549_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1080\/15513810902772383","volume":"28","author":"JH Bruce","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bruce JH, et\u00a0al. Caudal dysplasia syndrome and sirenomelia: are they part of a spectrum? Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2009;28(3):109\u201331.","journal-title":"Fetal Pediatr Pathol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4549_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.47391\/JPMA.6688","volume":"73","author":"HS Javed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Javed HS, Khalid MI. Mermaid syndrome: rare genetic anomaly. 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A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declares no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"224"}}