{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T16:32:28Z","timestamp":1775147548972,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Radiation proctitis (RP) is a significant complication of pelvic radiation. Effective treatments for chronic RP are currently lacking. We report a case where chronic RP was successfully managed by metformin and butyrate (M-B) enema and suppository therapy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A 70-year-old Asian male was diagnosed with prostate cancer of bilateral lobes, underwent definitive radiotherapy to the prostate of 76 Gy in 38 fractions and six months of androgen deprivation therapy. Despite a stable PSA nadir of 0.2 ng\/mL for 10 months post-radiotherapy, he developed intermittent rectal bleeding, and was diagnosed as chronic RP. Symptoms persisted despite two months of oral mesalamine, mesalamine enema and hydrocortisone enema treatment. Transition to daily 2% metformin and butyrate (M-B) enema for one week led to significant improvement, followed by maintenance therapy with daily 2.0% M-B suppository for three weeks, resulting in continued reduction of rectal bleeding. Endoscopic examination and biopsy demonstrated a good therapeutic effect.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>M-B enema and suppository may be an effective treatment for chronic RP.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-024-04551-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T23:02:23Z","timestamp":1715295743000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Chronic radiation proctitis refractory to steroid enema was successfully treated by metformin and sodium butyrate: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Mau-Shin","family":"Chi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ping-Hsun","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu-Han","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ho-Chi","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwan-Hwa","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"4551_CR1","first-page":"1379","volume":"35","author":"G Ferini","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ferini G, Pergolizzi S. 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A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"239"}}