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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) on lung injury in rats subjected to CPB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty-two rats were randomized into the sham, CPB, CPB\/ECFC and CPB\/ECFC\/L-NIO groups. The rats in the sham group received anaesthesia, and the rats in the other groups received CPB. The rats also received PBS, ECFCs and L-NIO-pre-treated ECFCs. After 24\u2009h of CPB, pulmonary capillary permeability, including the PaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/FiO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ratio, protein levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue wet\/dry weight were evaluated. The cell numbers and cytokines in BALF and peripheral blood were tested. Endothelial injury, lung histological injury and apoptosis were assessed. The oxidative stress response and apoptosis-related proteins were analysed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After CPB, all the data deteriorated compared with those obtained in the S group (sham vs CPB vs CPB\/ECFC vs CPB\/ECFC\/L-NIO: histological score 1.62\u2009\u00b1\u20090.51 vs 5.37\u2009\u00b1\u20090.91 vs 3.37\u2009\u00b1\u20090.89 vs 4.37\u2009\u00b1\u20090.74; PaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/FiO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      389\u2009\u00b1\u200912 vs 233\u2009\u00b1\u200936 vs 338\u2009\u00b1\u200928 vs 287\u2009\u00b1\u200930; wet\/dry weight 3.11\u2009\u00b1\u20090.32 vs 6.71\u2009\u00b1\u20090.73 vs 4.66\u2009\u00b1\u20090.55 vs 5.52\u2009\u00b1\u20090.57; protein levels in BALF: 134\u2009\u00b1\u200922 vs 442\u2009\u00b1\u200999 vs 225\u2009\u00b1\u200941 vs 337\u2009\u00b1\u200953, all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Compared to the CPB treatment, ECFCs significantly improved pulmonary capillary permeability and PaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/FiO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      . Similarly, ECFCs also decreased the inflammatory cell number and pro-inflammatory factors in BALF and peripheral blood, as well as the oxidative stress response in the lung tissue. ECFCs reduced the lung histological injury score and apoptosis and regulated apoptosis-related proteins in the lung tissue. Compared with the CPB\/ECFC group, all the indicators were partly reversed by the L-NIO.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ECFCs significantly reduced lung injury induced by inflammation after CPB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-01722-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]],"date-time":"2020-06-25T15:02:27Z","timestamp":1593097347000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Endothelial colony-forming cells reduced the lung injury induced by cardiopulmonary bypass in rats"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Haibin","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qihang","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangxiao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingnan","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"1722_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2015.04.125","volume":"30","author":"RR Bartz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bartz RR, Ferreira RG, Schroder JN, Davies J, Liu WW, Camara A, Welsby IJ. 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All animal experiments performed in this study conformed to the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (approximately 400\u2013450\u2009g) were purchased from the animal centre of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"246"}}