{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T20:48:44Z","timestamp":1782506924712,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629244800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 CA014520"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA014520"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 CA014520"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA014520"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 CA215461"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 CA215461"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006058","name":"St. Baldrick's Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SU2C-AACR-DT-27-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SU2C-AACR-DT-27-17"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006058","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006058","name":"St. Baldrick's Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SU2C-AACR-DT-27-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SU2C-AACR-DT-27-17"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006058","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR000427"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR000427"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR000427"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR000427"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Stem Cell Res Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) is caused by acute exposure to ionizing radiation that damages multiple organ systems but especially the bone marrow (BM). We have previously shown that human macrophages educated with exosomes from human BM-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) primed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) prolonged survival in a xenogeneic lethal ARS model. The purpose of this study was to determine if exosomes from LPS-primed MSCs could directly educate human monocytes (LPS-EEMos) for the treatment of ARS.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Human monocytes were educated by exosomes from LPS-primed MSCs and compared to monocytes educated by unprimed MSCs (EEMos) and uneducated monocytes to assess survival and clinical improvement in a xenogeneic mouse model of ARS. Changes in surface molecule expression of exosomes and monocytes after education were determined by flow cytometry, while gene expression was determined by qPCR. Irradiated human CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) were co-cultured with LPS-EEMos, EEMos, or uneducated monocytes to assess effects on HSC survival and proliferation.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>LPS priming of MSCs led to the production of exosomes with increased expression of CD9, CD29, CD44, CD146, and MCSP. LPS-EEMos showed increases in gene expression of IL-6, IL-10, IL-15, IDO, and FGF-2 as compared to EEMos generated from unprimed MSCs. Generation of LPS-EEMos induced a lower percentage of CD14<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> monocyte subsets that were CD16<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, CD73<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, CD86<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, or CD206<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> but a higher percentage of PD-L1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells. LPS-EEMos infused 4\u2009h after lethal irradiation significantly prolonged survival, reducing clinical scores and weight loss as compared to controls. Complete blood counts from LPS-EEMo-treated mice showed enhanced hematopoietic recovery post-nadir. IL-6 receptor blockade completely abrogated the radioprotective survival benefit of LPS-EEMos in vivo in female NSG mice, but only loss of hematopoietic recovery was noted in male NSG mice. PD-1 blockade had no effect on survival. Furthermore, LPS-EEMos also showed benefits in vivo when administered 24 h, but not 48 h, after lethal irradiation. Co-culture of unprimed EEMos or LPS-EEMos with irradiated human CD34+ HSCs led to increased CD34+ proliferation and survival, suggesting hematopoietic recovery may be seen clinically.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>LPS-EEMos are a potential counter-measure for hematopoietic ARS, with a reduced biomanufacturing time that facilitates hematopoiesis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-021-02491-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T09:02:59Z","timestamp":1629277379000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Exosomes from primed MSCs can educate monocytes as a cellular therapy for hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Matthew H.","family":"Forsberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John A.","family":"Kink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna S.","family":"Thickens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryson M.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlie J.","family":"Childs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peiman","family":"Hematti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2276-6731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian M.","family":"Capitini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2491_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rpor.2011.05.001","volume":"16","author":"M Lopez","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lopez M, Martin M. Medical management of the acute radiation syndrome. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother. 2011;16(4):138\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rpor.2011.05.001.","journal-title":"Rep Pract Oncol Radiother"},{"issue":"suppl_2","key":"2491_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ii54","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rry004","volume":"59","author":"N Dainiak","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dainiak N. Medical management of acute radiation syndrome and associated infections in a high-casualty incident. J Radiat Res. 2018;59(suppl_2):ii54\u201364.","journal-title":"J Radiat Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2491_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2019.1702968","volume":"21","author":"VK Singh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Singh VK, Seed TM. Pharmacological management of ionizing radiation injuries: current and prospective agents and targeted organ systems. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2020;21(3):317\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14656566.2019.1702968.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"issue":"11","key":"2491_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2019.1666104","volume":"18","author":"VK Singh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Singh VK, Seed TM. The efficacy and safety of amifostine for the acute radiation syndrome. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2019;18(11):1077\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14740338.2019.1666104.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Saf"},{"issue":"9","key":"2491_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1080\/09553002.2017.1332438","volume":"93","author":"VK Singh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Singh VK, Seed TM. A review of radiation countermeasures focusing on injury-specific medicinals and regulatory approval status: part I. Radiation sub-syndromes, animal models and FDA-approved countermeasures. Int J Radiat Biol. 2017;93(9):851\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09553002.2017.1332438.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2491_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s40778-020-00176-0","volume":"6","author":"R Chinnadurai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chinnadurai R, Forsberg MH, Kink JA, Hematti P, Capitini CM. Use of MSCs and MSC-educated macrophages to mitigate hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome. Curr Stem Cell Rep. 2020;6(3):77\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40778-020-00176-0.","journal-title":"Curr Stem Cell Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2491_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1177\/0963689717727543","volume":"27","author":"N Sher","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sher N, Ofir R. Placenta-derived adherent stromal cell therapy for hematopoietic disorders: a case study of PLX-R18. Cell Transplant. 2018;27(1):140\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0963689717727543.","journal-title":"Cell Transplant"},{"key":"2491_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.00665","volume":"8","author":"MH Forsberg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Forsberg MH, Kink JA, Hematti P, Capitini CM. Mesenchymal stromal cells and exosomes: progress and challenges. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020;8:665. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2020.00665.","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2491_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2017.02.018","volume":"23","author":"MN Bouchlaka","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bouchlaka MN, Moffitt AB, Kim J, Kink JA, Bloom DD, Love C, et al. Human mesenchymal stem cell-educated macrophages are a distinct high IL-6-producing subset that confer protection in graft-versus-host-disease and radiation unjury models. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2017;23(6):897\u2013905. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbmt.2017.02.018.","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"11","key":"2491_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2019.07.026","volume":"25","author":"JA Kink","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kink JA, Forsberg MH, Reshetylo S, Besharat S, Childs CJ, Pederson JD, et al. Macrophages educated with exosomes from primed mesenchymal stem cells treat acute radiation syndrome by promoting hematopoietic recovery. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2019;25(11):2124\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbmt.2019.07.026.","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"1","key":"2491_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-015-0642-6","volume":"13","author":"D Ti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ti D, Hao H, Tong C, Liu J, Dong L, Zheng J, et al. LPS-preconditioned mesenchymal stromal cells modify macrophage polarization for resolution of chronic inflammation via exosome-shuttled let-7b. J Transl Med. 2015;13(1):308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-015-0642-6.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2491_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2009.09.004","volume":"37","author":"J Kim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim J, Hematti P. Mesenchymal stem cell-educated macrophages: a novel type of alternatively activated macrophages. Exp Hematol. 2009;37(12):1445\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exphem.2009.09.004.","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"2491_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thery C, Amigorena S, Raposo G, Clayton A. Isolation and characterization of exosomes from cell culture supernatants and biological fluids. Curr Protoc Cell Biol, 2006. Chapter 3: Unit 3.22.","DOI":"10.1002\/0471143030.cb0322s30"},{"issue":"8","key":"2491_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3230","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V88.8.3230.bloodjournal8883230","volume":"88","author":"KR Cooke","year":"1996","unstructured":"Cooke KR, Kobzik L, Martin TR, Brewer J, Delmonte JJ, Crawford JM, et al. An experimental model of idiopathic pneumonia syndrome after bone marrow transplantation: I. The roles of minor H antigens and endotoxin. Blood. 1996;88(8):3230\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.V88.8.3230.bloodjournal8883230.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"2491_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-018-1569-5","volume":"16","author":"DS Green","year":"2018","unstructured":"Green DS, Nunes AT, David-Ocampo V, Ekwede IB, Houston ND, Highfill SL, et al. A phase 1 trial of autologous monocytes stimulated ex vivo with Sylatron((R)) (Peginterferon alfa-2b) and Actimmune((R)) (Interferon gamma-1b) for intra-peritoneal administration in recurrent ovarian cancer. J Transl Med. 2018;16(1):196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-018-1569-5.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"2491_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0599-8","volume":"25","author":"F Moroni","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moroni F, Dwyer BJ, Graham C, Pass C, Bailey L, Ritchie L, et al. Safety profile of autologous macrophage therapy for liver cirrhosis. Nat Med. 2019;25(10):1560\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-019-0599-8.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2491_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2017.00018","volume":"5","author":"LT Senbanjo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Senbanjo LT, Chellaiah MA. CD44: a multifunctional cell surface adhesion receptor is a regulator of progression and metastasis of cancer cells. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2017;5:18.","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2491_CR18","first-page":"78","volume":"28","author":"M Litwiniuk","year":"2016","unstructured":"Litwiniuk M, Krejner A, Speyrer MS, Gauto AR, Grzela T. Hyaluronic acid in inflammation and tissue regeneration. Wounds. 2016;28(3):78\u201388.","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"issue":"2","key":"2491_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2012.11.049","volume":"330","author":"Z Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang Z, Yan X. CD146, a multi-functional molecule beyond adhesion. Cancer Lett. 2013;330(2):150\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.canlet.2012.11.049.","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"issue":"21-22","key":"2491_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2016.0548","volume":"23","author":"Z Lu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lu Z, Chen YJ, Dunstan C, Roohani-Esfahani S, Zreiqat H. Priming adipose stem cells with tumor necrosis factor-alpha preconditioning potentiates their exosome efficacy for bone regeneration. Tissue Eng Part A. 2017;23(21-22):1212\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/ten.tea.2016.0548.","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part A"},{"issue":"2","key":"2491_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.61.2.6","volume":"61","author":"B Mead","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mead B, Chamling X, Zack DJ, Ahmed Z, Tomarev S. TNFalpha-mediated priming of mesenchymal stem cells enhances their neuroprotective effect on retinal ganglion cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2020;61(2):6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.61.2.6.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2491_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-02050-6","volume":"11","author":"A Cheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cheng A, Choi D, Lora M, Shum-Tim D, Rak J, Colmegna I. Human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells cytokine priming promotes RAB27B-regulated secretion of small extracellular vesicles with immunomodulatory cargo. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2020;11(1):539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-020-02050-6.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"issue":"7","key":"2491_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-020-02788-0","volume":"11","author":"R Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang R, Huang H, Cui S, Zhou Y, Zhang T, Zhou Y. IFN-gamma promoted exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells to attenuate colitis via miR-125a and miR-125b. Cell Death Dis. 2020;11(7):603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41419-020-02788-0.","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"2491_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118658","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118658","volume":"264","author":"M Yao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yao M, Cui B, Zhang W, Ma W, Zhao G, Xing L. Exosomal miR-21 secreted by IL-1beta-primed-mesenchymal stem cells induces macrophage M2 polarization and ameliorates sepsis. Life Sci. 2021;264:118658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118658.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"2491_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kim M, Shin DI, Choi BH, Min BH. Exosomes from IL-1beta-primed mesenchymal stem cells inhibited IL-1beta- and TNFalpha-mediated inflammatory responses in osteoarthritic SW982 cells. Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13770-020-00324-x.","DOI":"10.1007\/s13770-020-00324-x"},{"issue":"4","key":"2491_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.03.027","volume":"50","author":"M Murakami","year":"2019","unstructured":"Murakami M, Kamimura D, Hirano T. Pleiotropy and specificity: insights from the interleukin 6 family of cytokines. Immunity. 2019;50(4):812\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.03.027.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"4","key":"2491_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2017.01.006","volume":"1863","author":"LM Sanmarco","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sanmarco LM, Ponce NE, Visconti LM, Eberhardt N, Theumer MG, Minguez \u00c1R, et al. IL-6 promotes M2 macrophage polarization by modulating purinergic signaling and regulates the lethal release of nitric oxide during Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2017;1863(4):857\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbadis.2017.01.006.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2491_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0596-5","volume":"13","author":"G Casella","year":"2016","unstructured":"Casella G, Garzetti L, Gatta AT, Finardi A, Maiorino C, Ruffini F, et al. IL4 induces IL6-producing M2 macrophages associated to inhibition of neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo. J Neuroinflammation. 2016;13(1):139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-016-0596-5.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"9","key":"2491_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3349","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-10-3438","volume":"103","author":"MA del Carmen Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2004","unstructured":"del Carmen Rodr\u00edguez MA, Bernad A, Aracil M. Interleukin-6 deficiency affects bone marrow stromal precursors, resulting in defective hematopoietic support. Blood. 2004;103(9):3349\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2003-10-3438.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"3","key":"2491_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2018.10.007","volume":"103","author":"BI Bell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bell BI, Koduri S, Salas Salinas C, Monslow J, Pur\u00e9 E, Ben-Josef E, et al. Interleukin 6 signaling blockade exacerbates acute and late injury from focal intestinal irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2019;103(3):719\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2018.10.007.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"10","key":"2491_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-019-0320-5","volume":"51","author":"R Tie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tie R, Li H, Cai S, Liang Z, Shan W, Wang B, et al. Interleukin-6 signaling regulates hematopoietic stem cell emergence. Experimental & Molecular Medicine. 2019;51(10):1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s12276-019-0320-5.","journal-title":"Experimental & Molecular Medicine"},{"key":"2491_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2019.00260","volume":"10","author":"N Narendran","year":"2019","unstructured":"Narendran N, Luzhna L, Kovalchuk O. Sex difference of radiation response in occupational and accidental exposure. Front Genet. 2019;10:260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fgene.2019.00260.","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"2491_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2011.189","volume":"20","author":"M Francois","year":"2012","unstructured":"Francois M, et al. Human MSC suppression correlates with cytokine induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and bystander M2 macrophage differentiation. Mol Ther. 2012;20(1):187\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/mt.2011.189.","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"2491_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-018-0421-4","volume":"9","author":"BH Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim BH, Jung HW, Seo SH, Shin H, Kwon J, Suh JM. Synergistic actions of FGF2 and bone marrow transplantation mitigate radiation-induced intestinal injury. Cell Death Dis. 2018;9(3):383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41419-018-0421-4.","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2491_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrx044","volume":"59","author":"J Kinoda","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kinoda J, Ishihara M, Nakamura S, Fujita M, Fukuda K, Sato Y, et al. Protective effect of FGF-2 and low-molecular-weight heparin\/protamine nanoparticles on radiation-induced healing-impaired wound repair in rats. J Radiat Res. 2018;59(1):27\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jrr\/rrx044.","journal-title":"J Radiat Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2491_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2011.10.006","volume":"14","author":"PY Perera","year":"2012","unstructured":"Perera PY, Lichy JH, Waldmann TA, Perera LP. The role of interleukin-15 in inflammation and immune responses to infection: implications for its therapeutic use. Microbes Infect. 2012;14(3):247\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micinf.2011.10.006.","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"2491_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.12.043","volume":"182","author":"B Yu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yu B, Kim HW, Gong M, Wang J, Millard RW, Wang Y, et al. Exosomes secreted from GATA-4 overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells serve as a reservoir of anti-apoptotic microRNAs for cardioprotection. Int J Cardiol. 2015;182:349\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.12.043.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2491_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2737","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1409","volume":"31","author":"H Xin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Xin H, Li Y, Liu Z, Wang X, Shang X, Cui Y, et al. MiR-133b promotes neural plasticity and functional recovery after treatment of stroke with multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells in rats via transfer of exosome-enriched extracellular particles. Stem Cells. 2013;31(12):2737\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/stem.1409.","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"issue":"16","key":"2491_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e74","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-02-258558","volume":"116","author":"L Ziegler-Heitbrock","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ziegler-Heitbrock L, Ancuta P, Crowe S, Dalod M, Grau V, Hart DN, et al. Nomenclature of monocytes and dendritic cells in blood. Blood. 2010;116(16):e74\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2010-02-258558.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2491_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2035","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02035","volume":"10","author":"TS Kapellos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kapellos TS, Bonaguro L, Gem\u00fcnd I, Reusch N, Saglam A, Hinkley ER, et al. Human monocyte subsets and phenotypes in major chronic inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol. 2019;10:2035. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02035.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2491_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2106","volume":"16","author":"EA Said","year":"2010","unstructured":"Said EA, Dupuy FP, Trautmann L, Zhang Y, Shi Y, el-Far M, et al. Programmed death-1-induced interleukin-10 production by monocytes impairs CD4+ T cell activation during HIV infection. Nat Med. 2010;16(4):452\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm.2106.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2491_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-140-12-200406150-00015","volume":"140","author":"JK Waselenko","year":"2004","unstructured":"Waselenko JK, MacVittie T, Blakely WF, Pesik N, Wiley AL, Dickerson WE, et al. Medical management of the acute radiation syndrome: recommendations of the Strategic National Stockpile Radiation Working Group. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140(12):1037\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-140-12-200406150-00015.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"}],"container-title":["Stem Cell Research &amp; Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13287-021-02491-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13287-021-02491-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13287-021-02491-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T09:09:49Z","timestamp":1629277789000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/stemcellres.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13287-021-02491-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2491"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-021-02491-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-6512"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-6512","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 February 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 July 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 August 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All human cells were obtained by informed consent or waiver using IRB-approved protocols at the University of Wisconsin-Madison (2017-1070, 2016-0298). All animal studies were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee at the University of Wisconsin-Madison (M005915).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"P.H. and C.M.C. are inventors on a patent related to this publication (US Patent 10,166,254 B2). C.M.C. reports honorarium from Nektar Therapeutics and Novartis, who had no input in the study design, analysis, manuscript preparation, or decision to submit for publication. No other relevant conflicts of interest are reported.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"459"}}