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The Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Dalian Medical University approved the isolation of PDLSCs from the teeth (Project title: Research on tissue engineering regeneration of dental stem cells; Approval No. 2022001; Date of approval: 2022-01-07). All participants gave their written informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors confirm their consent for publication.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"451"}}