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Jejunal tissue from patients with obesity was obtained under approval number S57826, titled \u201c\n                      The effect of obesity on nutrient sensing mechanisms of adipocytes\n                      ,\n                      gut epithelial\n                      ,\n                      and smooth muscle cells\n                      \u201d which was first approved by the Medical Ethics Committee UZ KU Leuven\/Research on June 8th, 2015 (amendment 14th April 2023). Jejunal tissue from organ donors was obtained under approval number S56978, titled \u201c\n                      Role of mucosal integrity and microbiota on visceral sensitivity and chemosensing in the human upper gastrointestinal tract\n                      \u201d first approved by the Medical Ethics Committee UZ KU Leuven\/Research on December 2nd, 2014 (amendment 4th May 2023). All patients with obesity provided written informed consent prior to participation. Retrieval of jejunal tissue from normal-weight organ donors was conducted in accordance with Belgian legislation on organ and human body material donation for research, specifying that every citizen is a potential donor, and no specific consent is needed for organ or tissue donation (Law of 13 June 1986 on the removal and transplantation of organs; Law of 19 December 2008 on human body material destined for human medical applications or scientific research).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors confirm their consent for publication. The datasets used and\/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"8"}}