{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T11:26:53Z","timestamp":1785929213099,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":154,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010421","name":"Iranian Council of Stem Cell Research and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["113630"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113630"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010421","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005014","name":"Avicenna Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["990108-022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["990108-022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005014","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Stem Cell Res Ther"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-026-04899-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T13:52:29Z","timestamp":1771249949000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Distinct decidualization and senomorphic responses in endometrial vs. menstrual blood stem\/stromal cells: implications for reproductive therapies"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Negar","family":"Vanaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Banafsheh","family":"Tavangar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Darzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soheila","family":"Arefi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebrahim","family":"Mirzadegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Mousavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fazel","family":"Shokri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir-Hassan","family":"Zarnani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"4899_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053098","volume":"7","author":"J Evans","year":"2012","unstructured":"Evans J, Hannan NJ, Hincks C, Rombauts LJ, Salamonsen LA. Defective soil for a fertile seed? Altered endometrial development is detrimental to pregnancy success. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e53098.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4899_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25179746","volume":"25","author":"PI Deryabin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Deryabin PI, Borodkina AV. The role of the endometrium in implantation: a modern view. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25:9746.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4899_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.116","volume":"12","author":"J Evans","year":"2016","unstructured":"Evans J, Salamonsen LA, Winship A, Menkhorst E, Nie G, Gargett CE, et al. Fertile ground: human endometrial programming and lessons in health and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2016;12:654\u201367.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"4899_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11060448","volume":"11","author":"S Queckb\u00f6rner","year":"2021","unstructured":"Queckb\u00f6rner S, von Grothusen C, Boggavarapu NR, Francis RM, Davies LC, Gemzell-Danielsson K. Stromal heterogeneity in the human proliferative endometrium\u2014a single-Cell RNA sequencing study. J Personal Med. 2021;11:448.","journal-title":"J Personal Med."},{"key":"4899_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-472X(01)00769-X","volume":"30","author":"A Bartholomew","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bartholomew A, Sturgeon C, Siatskas M, Ferrer K, McIntosh K, Patil S, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells suppress lymphocyte proliferation in vitro and prolong skin graft survival in vivo. Exp Hematol. 2002;30:42\u20138.","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"4899_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.00497","volume":"8","author":"M Bozorgmehr","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bozorgmehr M, Gurung S, Darzi S, Nikoo S, Kazemnejad S, Zarnani AH, et al. Endometrial and menstrual blood mesenchymal stem\/stromal cells: biological properties and clinical application. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020;8:497.","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"4899_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.08.020","volume":"186","author":"M Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang M, Ong J, Meng F, Zhang F, Shen H, Kitt K, et al. Spatiotemporal insight into early pregnancy governed by immune-featured stromal cells. Cell. 2023;186:4271-4288.e4224.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"4899_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2014-1045","volume":"35","author":"B Gellersen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gellersen B, Brosens JJ. Cyclic decidualization of the human endometrium in reproductive health and failure. Endocr Rev. 2014;35:851\u2013905.","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"4899_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21114092","author":"SW Ng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ng SW, Norwitz GA, Pavlicev M, Tilburgs T, Sim\u00f3n C, Norwitz ER. Endometrial decidualization: the primary driver of pregnancy health. Int J Mol Sci. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21114092.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4899_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmb2.12580","volume":"23","author":"I Tamura","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tamura I, Doi-Tanaka Y, Takasaki A, Shimamura K, Yoneda T, Takasaki H, et al. High incidence of decidualization failure in infertile women. Reprod Med Biol. 2024;23:e12580.","journal-title":"Reprod Med Biol"},{"key":"4899_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E8468","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1706546114","volume":"114","author":"T Garrido-Gomez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Garrido-Gomez T, Dominguez F, Qui\u00f1onero A, Diaz-Gimeno P, Kapidzic M, Gormley M, et al. Defective decidualization during and after severe preeclampsia reveals a possible maternal contribution to the etiology. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2017;114:E8468-e8477.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"4899_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-020-0763-1","volume":"3","author":"ES Lucas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lucas ES, Vrljicak P, Muter J, Diniz-da-Costa MM, Brighton PJ, Kong C-S, et al. Recurrent pregnancy loss is associated with a pro-senescent decidual response during the peri-implantation window. Commun Biol. 2020;3:37.","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"4899_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1440388","volume":"15","author":"K Zarnani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zarnani K, Zarnani K, Maslehat-Lay N, Zeynali B, Vafaei S, Shokri MR, et al. In-utero transfer of decidualized endometrial stromal cells increases the frequency of regulatory T cells and normalizes the abortion rate in the CBA\/J \u00d7 DBA\/2 abortion model. Front Immunol. 2024;15:1440388.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"4899_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1223539","volume":"14","author":"T Llorca","year":"2023","unstructured":"Llorca T, Ruiz-Maga\u00f1a MJ, Martinez-Aguilar R, Garc\u00eda-Valdeavero OM, Rodr\u00edguez-Do\u00f1a L, Abadia-Molina AC, et al. Decidualized human decidual stromal cells inhibit chemotaxis of activated T cells: a potential mechanism of maternal-fetal immune tolerance. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1223539.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"4899_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-021-00675-y","volume":"18","author":"X Jin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jin X, Cui L, Zhao W, Li X, Liu L, Li Y, et al. Decidualization-derived cAMP regulates phenotypic and functional conversion of decidual NK cells from CD56dimCD16\u2212NK cells. Cell Mol Immunol. 2021;18:1596\u20138.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"4899_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01571","volume":"11","author":"S Gori","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gori S, Soczewski E, Fern\u00e1ndez L, Grasso E, Gallino L, Merech F, et al. Decidualization process induces maternal monocytes to tolerogenic IL-10-producing dendritic cells (DC-10). Front Immunol. 2020;11:1571.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"4899_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.07.528","volume":"104","author":"J Huang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Huang J, Kuo P. Decidualized endometrial stromal cells are capable of driving M2 macrophage differentiation. Fertil Steril. 2015;104:e170.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"4899_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13032","volume":"80","author":"LM Rogers","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rogers LM, Anders AP, Doster RS, Gill EA, Gnecco JS, Holley JM, et al. Decidual stromal cell-derived PGE(2) regulates macrophage responses to microbial threat. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2018;80:e13032.","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"4899_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2021.804921","author":"J Muter","year":"2021","unstructured":"Muter J, Kong C-S, Brosens JJ. The role of decidual subpopulations in implantation, menstruation and miscarriage. Front Reprod Health. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frph.2021.804921.","journal-title":"Front Reprod Health"},{"key":"4899_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmab038","volume":"28","author":"L Secomandi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Secomandi L, Borghesan M, Velarde M, Demaria M. The role of cellular senescence in female reproductive aging and the potential for senotherapeutic interventions. Hum Reprod Update. 2022;28:172\u201389.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"4899_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615.e611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.11.037","volume":"200","author":"JJ Brosens","year":"2009","unstructured":"Brosens JJ, Parker GM, McIndoe A, Pijnenborg R, Brosens AI. A role for menstruation in preconditioning the uterus for successful pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;200:615.e611-616.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"4899_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2021.103501","volume":"24","author":"A Sanchez-Mata","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sanchez-Mata A, Gonzalez-Mu\u00f1oz E. Understanding menstrual blood-derived stromal\/stem cells: definition and properties. Are we rushing into their therapeutic applications? iScience. 2021;24:103501.","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"4899_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-021-02603-3","volume":"12","author":"M Aleahmad","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aleahmad M, Bozorgmehr M, Nikoo S, Ghanavatinejad A, Shokri M-R, Montazeri S, et al. Endometrial mesenchymal stem\/stromal cells: the enigma to code messages for generation of functionally active regulatory T cells. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2021;12:536.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"4899_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1720","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2011.0386","volume":"18","author":"S Darzi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Darzi S, Zarnani AH, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Entezami K, Mirzadegan E, Akhondi MM, et al. Osteogenic differentiation of stem cells derived from menstrual blood versus bone marrow in the presence of human platelet releasate. Tissue Eng Part A. 2012;18:1720\u20138.","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part A"},{"key":"4899_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-07-0428","volume":"135","author":"R Dimitrov","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dimitrov R, Timeva T, Kyurkchiev D, Stamenova M, Shterev A, Kostova P, et al. Characterization of clonogenic stromal cells isolated from human endometrium. Reproduction. 2008;135:551\u20138.","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"4899_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086075","volume":"9","author":"S Khanjani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Khanjani S, Khanmohammadi M, Zarnani AH, Akhondi MM, Ahani A, Ghaempanah Z, et al. Comparative evaluation of differentiation potential of menstrual blood- versus bone marrow-derived stem cells into hepatocyte-like cells. PLoS ONE. 2014;9:e86075.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4899_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2014.10.005","volume":"162","author":"M Bozorgmehr","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bozorgmehr M, Moazzeni SM, Salehnia M, Sheikhian A, Nikoo S, Zarnani AH. Menstrual blood-derived stromal stem cells inhibit optimal generation and maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Immunol Lett. 2014;162:239\u201346.","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"4899_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21769\/BioProtoc.2028","volume":"6","author":"FSV Barros","year":"2016","unstructured":"Barros FSV, Brosens JJ, Brighton PJ. Isolation and primary culture of various cell types from whole human endometrial biopsies. Bio-Protoc. 2016;6:e2028.","journal-title":"Bio-Protoc"},{"key":"4899_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-013-9698-9","volume":"56","author":"S Kazemnejad","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kazemnejad S, Najafi R, Zarnani AH, Eghtesad S. Comparative effect of human platelet derivatives on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of menstrual blood-derived stem cells. Mol Biotechnol. 2014;56:223\u201331.","journal-title":"Mol Biotechnol"},{"key":"4899_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46316-3","volume":"9","author":"RM Shokri","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shokri RM, Bozorgmehr M, Ghanavatinejad A, Falak R, Aleahmad M, Kazemnejad S, et al. Human menstrual blood-derived stromal\/stem cells modulate functional features of natural killer cells. Sci Rep. 2019;9:10007.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4899_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2096-2924.320882","author":"Z-J Tang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tang Z-J, Guan H-Y, Wang L, Zhang W. Research progress on human endometrium decidualizationIn vitroCell models. Reprod Dev Med. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2096-2924.320882.","journal-title":"Reprod Dev Med"},{"key":"4899_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaab057","volume":"27","author":"S Gurung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gurung S, Greening DW, Rai A, Poh QH, Evans J, Salamonsen LA. The proteomes of endometrial stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles following a decidualizing stimulus define the cells\u2019 potential for decidualization success. Mol Hum Reprod. 2021;27:gaab057.","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"4899_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpz1.895","volume":"3","author":"L Ant","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ant L, Dily FL, Beato M, Sarag\u00fceta P. Quantitative analysis of cellular morphology during in vitro decidualization. Curr Protoc. 2023;3:e895.","journal-title":"Curr Protoc"},{"key":"4899_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpbi.86","volume":"68","author":"J Chong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chong J, Wishart DS, Xia J. Using metaboanalyst 4.0 for comprehensive and integrative metabolomics data analysis. Curr Protoc Bioinformatics. 2019;68:e86.","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Bioinformatics"},{"key":"4899_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13020362","volume":"13","author":"A Krzystyniak","year":"2023","unstructured":"Krzystyniak A, Gluchowska A, Mosieniak G, Sikora E. Fiji-based tool for rapid and unbiased analysis of SA-\u03b2-Gal activity in cultured cells. Biomolecules. 2023;13:362.","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"4899_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2010.11.006","volume":"22","author":"A Germeyer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Germeyer A, Jauckus J, Zorn M, Toth B, Capp E, Strowitzki T. Metformin modulates IL-8, IL-1\u03b2, ICAM and IGFBP-1 expression in human endometrial stromal cells. Reprod Biomed Online. 2011;22:327\u201334.","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"4899_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.647496","volume":"9","author":"E Grbac","year":"2021","unstructured":"Grbac E, So T, Varshney S, Williamson N, Dimitriadis E, Menkhorst E. Prednisolone alters endometrial decidual cells and affects decidual-trophoblast interactions. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021;9:647496.","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"4899_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep15042","volume":"5","author":"S Gurung","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gurung S, Werkmeister JA, Gargett CE. Inhibition of transforming growth factor-\u03b2 receptor signaling promotes culture expansion of undifferentiated human endometrial mesenchymal stem\/stromal cells. Sci Rep. 2015;5:15042.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4899_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-19-0425","volume":"159","author":"AC Mestre Citrinovitz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mestre Citrinovitz AC, Langer L, Strowitzki T, Germeyer A. Resveratrol enhances decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells. Reproduction. 2020;159:453\u201363.","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"4899_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.113.108175","volume":"90","author":"J Evans","year":"2014","unstructured":"Evans J, Salamonsen LA. Decidualized human endometrial stromal cells are sensors of hormone withdrawal in the menstrual inflammatory cascade. Biol Reprod. 2014;90:14.","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"4899_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deac112","volume":"37","author":"PI Deryabin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Deryabin PI, Borodkina AV. Stromal cell senescence contributes to impaired endometrial decidualization and defective interaction with trophoblast cells. Hum Reprod. 2022;37:1505\u201324.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"4899_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gde.2017.03.002","volume":"45","author":"MH Sieber","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sieber MH, Spradling AC. The role of metabolic states in development and disease. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2017;45:58\u201368.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Genet Dev"},{"key":"4899_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-04024-w","volume":"7","author":"E Subramani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Subramani E, Rameshbabu PA, Jothiramajayam M, Subramanian B, Chakravorty D, Bose G, et al. Mycobacterial heat shock protein 65 mediated metabolic shift in decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells. Sci Rep. 2017;7:3942.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4899_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.626619","volume":"9","author":"SL Harden","year":"2021","unstructured":"Harden SL, Zhou J, Gharanei S, Diniz-da-Costa M, Lucas ES, Cui L, et al. Exometabolomic analysis of decidualizing human endometrial stromal and perivascular cells. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021;9:626619.","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"4899_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6078","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2012-1457","volume":"153","author":"F Gao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gao F, Ma X, Rusie A, Hemingway J, Ostmann AB, Chung D, et al. Epigenetic changes through DNA methylation contribute to uterine stromal cell decidualization. Endocrinology. 2012;153:6078\u201390.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"4899_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deac106.095","volume":"37","author":"S Harden","year":"2022","unstructured":"Harden S, Muter J, Chen Q, Lee YH, Brosens J, Lucas E. O-302\u2003lower expression of AHCY is associated with increased miscarriage risk. Hum Reprod. 2022;37:deac106.095.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"4899_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.0.1250095","volume":"125","author":"DG Ogando","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ogando DG, Paz D, Cella M, Franchi AM. The fundamental role of increased production of nitric oxide in lipopolysaccharide-induced embryonic resorption in mice. Reproduction. 2003;125:95\u2013110.","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"4899_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqz021","author":"AM Neff","year":"2020","unstructured":"Neff AM, Yu J, Taylor RN, Bagchi IC, Bagchi MK. Insulin signaling via progesterone-regulated insulin receptor substrate 2 is critical for human uterine decidualization. Endocrinology. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/endocr\/bqz021.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"4899_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ23-0099","volume":"70","author":"I Tamura","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tamura I, Shiroshita A, Fujimura T, Tanaka-Doi Y, Shirafuta Y, Taketani T, et al. Glucose and lipid metabolisms in human endometrial stromal cells during decidualization. Endocr J. 2023;70:465\u201372.","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"key":"4899_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-18-0393","volume":"157","author":"K Jozaki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jozaki K, Tamura I, Takagi H, Shirafuta Y, Mihara Y, Shinagawa M, et al. Glucose regulates the histone acetylation of gene promoters in decidualizing stromal cells. Reproduction. 2019;157:457\u201364.","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"4899_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1500319","volume":"150","author":"M Sakata","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sakata M, Yamaguchi M, Imai T, Tadokoro C, Yoshimoto Y, Oka Y, et al. 8-bromo-cAMP inhibits glucose transport activity in mouse placental cells in culture. J Endocrinol. 1996;150:319\u201327.","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"4899_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11142213","author":"LK Stabenow","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stabenow LK, Zibrova D, Ender C, Helbing DL, Spengler K, Marx C, et al. Oxidative glucose metabolism promotes senescence in vascular endothelial cells. Cells. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells11142213.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"4899_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2023.104155","volume":"160","author":"S Goto","year":"2023","unstructured":"Goto S, Ozaki Y, Ozawa F, Yoshihara H, Ujvari D, Kitaori T, et al. Impaired decidualization and relative increase of PROK1 expression in the decidua of patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss showing insulin resistance. J Reprod Immunol. 2023;160:104155.","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"4899_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010287","volume":"5","author":"M Salker","year":"2010","unstructured":"Salker M, Teklenburg G, Molokhia M, Lavery S, Trew G, Aojanepong T, et al. Natural selection of human embryos: impaired decidualization of endometrium disables embryo-maternal interactions and causes recurrent pregnancy loss. PLoS ONE. 2010;5:e10287.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4899_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaq079","volume":"16","author":"G Teklenburg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Teklenburg G, Salker M, Heijnen C, Macklon NS, Brosens JJ. The molecular basis of recurrent pregnancy loss: impaired natural embryo selection. Mol Hum Reprod. 2010;16:886\u201395.","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"4899_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.70500","volume":"15","author":"M Mousavi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mousavi M, Vanaki N, Zarnani K, Aghazadeh Z, Arefi S, Abedi-Asl J, et al. Decidualised endometrial stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles induce bystander decidualisation and cAMP-mediated attenuation of natural killer cell cytotoxicity. Clin Transl Med. 2025;15:e70500.","journal-title":"Clin Transl Med"},{"key":"4899_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4159013","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4159013","volume":"2018","author":"M Malavolta","year":"2018","unstructured":"Malavolta M, Bracci M, Santarelli L, Sayeed MA, Pierpaoli E, Giacconi R, et al. Inducers of Senescence, Toxic Compounds, and Senolytics: the Multiple Faces of Nrf2-Activating Phytochemicals in Cancer Adjuvant Therapy. Mediators Inflamm. 2018;2018:4159013.","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"4899_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2019.1597907","volume":"71","author":"H Farhadnejad","year":"2019","unstructured":"Farhadnejad H, Emamat H, Zand H. The effect of Resveratrol on cellular senescence in normal and cancer cells: focusing on cancer and age-related diseases. Nutr Cancer. 2019;71:1175\u201380.","journal-title":"Nutr Cancer"},{"key":"4899_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9660","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1002298107","volume":"107","author":"ZN Demidenko","year":"2010","unstructured":"Demidenko ZN, Korotchkina LG, Gudkov AV, Blagosklonny MV. Paradoxical suppression of cellular senescence by p53. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2010;107:9660\u20134.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"4899_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neri F, Zheng S, Watson M, Desprez PY, Gerencser AA, Campisi J, Wirtz D, Wu PH, Schilling B. Senescent cell heterogeneity and responses to senolytic treatment are related to cell cycle status during cell growth arrest. bioRxiv. 2024.","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.06.22.600200"},{"key":"4899_CR61","first-page":"419","volume":"55","author":"S Gokce","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gokce S, Herkiloglu D, Ozdemir S, Ozvural S, Karabacak O. The effect of prednisolone treatment on pregnancy rates in in vitro fertilization patients with positive thyroid autoantibodies. Sisli Etfal Hastan Tip Bul. 2021;55:419\u201325.","journal-title":"Sisli Etfal Hastan Tip Bul"},{"key":"4899_CR62","volume":"12","author":"LO Tso","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tso LO, Costello MF, Albuquerque LET, Andriolo RB, Macedo CR. Metformin treatment before and during IVF or ICSI in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;12:Cd006105.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"4899_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioaa172","volume":"103","author":"K Kuroda","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kuroda K, Ochiai A, Brosens JJ. The actions of resveratrol in decidualizing endometrium: acceleration or inhibition?\u2020. Biol Reprod. 2020;103:1152\u20136.","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"4899_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4809","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.140.10.7070","volume":"140","author":"JJ Brosens","year":"1999","unstructured":"Brosens JJ, Hayashi N, White JO. Progesterone receptor regulates decidual prolactin expression in differentiating human endometrial stromal cells1. Endocrinology. 1999;140:4809\u201320.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"4899_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2015-1274","volume":"30","author":"HS Kaya Okur","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kaya Okur HS, Das A, Taylor RN, Bagchi IC, Bagchi MK. Roles of Estrogen Receptor-\u03b1 and the Coactivator MED1 During Human Endometrial Decidualization. Mol Endocrinol. 2016;30:302\u201313.","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"4899_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-58065-z","volume":"14","author":"Y Doi-Tanaka","year":"2024","unstructured":"Doi-Tanaka Y, Tamura I, Shiroshita A, Fujimura T, Shirafuta Y, Maekawa R, et al. Differential gene expression in decidualized human endometrial stromal cells induced by different stimuli. Sci Rep. 2024;14:7726.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["Stem Cell Research & Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13287-026-04899-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13287-026-04899-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13287-026-04899-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T16:02:04Z","timestamp":1784563324000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s13287-026-04899-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4899"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-026-04899-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-6512"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-6512","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All procedures involving the collection of endometrial biopsies and menstrual blood were conducted in accordance with the guidelines of Avicenna Research Institute (ARI) and Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). This study is part of the megaproject \u201cInvestigating the effect of decidualized menstrual blood stem cells on functional features of natural killer cells and their therapeutic effects in women with recurrent implantation failure\u201d, which was approved by the Research and Ethics Committees of both ARI (Ref: IR.ACECR.REC.1399.008, Date: 2021\/02\/28) and TUMS (Ref: IR.TUMS.SPH.REC.1403.018, Date: 2024\/04\/28). Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"256"}}