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This suggests different consequences of early alcohol use, which can impact the development of an Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). Previous evidence demonstrated that nucleus accumbens core (NAcC) chemogenetic manipulations resulted in opposite effects on binge-like drinking [stimulation decreased ethanol intake in C57BL\/6J (B6) females, while inhibition decreased intake in males]. In humans, ethanol cue conditioning is linked to the positive subjective effects of alcohol intake and intoxication. We tested the hypothesis that chemogenetic manipulation of NAcC activity alters ethanol reward (measured by conditioned place preference, CPP) in a sex-specific manner.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In Experiment 1, surgery na\u00efve B6 mice (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200911\u201312\/sex\/treatment) underwent an ethanol CPP protocol and were administered the <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>esigner <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>eceptors <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>xclusively <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>ctivated by <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>esigner <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>rugs (DREADD) actuator clozapine-N-oxide (CNO, 1\u00a0mg\/kg) or vehicle prior to ethanol (2\u00a0g\/kg) conditioning. In Experiment 2, B6 mice underwent surgery to deliver control (mCherry), excitatory (hM3Dq), or inhibitory (hM4Di) DREADDs to the NAcC (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098\u201313\/sex\/treatment). After recovery, mice underwent ethanol CPP as in Experiment 1. CPP was conducted in a 3-chamber apparatus. Time spent in each chamber was recorded during the pre-test (before conditioning), and the test (after 4 ethanol and 4 saline conditioning sessions). Data were analyzed separately by sex, viral condition, and treatment with a 2-way RM ANOVA [factors: Time (repeated measure), Chamber].<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Both surgery na\u00efve (Experiment 1) and mCherry-expressing female and male B6 mice condition similarly to an intoxicating dose of ethanol and CNO did not interfere with ethanol CPP in the absence of DREADDs. Experiment 2 revealed that NAcC chemogenetic <jats:italic>stimulation<\/jats:italic> prevented ethanol CPP in males, while NAcC chemogenetic <jats:italic>inhibition<\/jats:italic> prevented ethanol CPP in females.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>NAcC chemogenetic manipulations alter ethanol reward differently in male and female B6 mice. Together with prior work, we demonstrate that NAcC activity has a sex-specific role during ethanol reward and consumption. Evidence of sex differences in ethanol reward may help future research to uncover the mechanisms underlying the \u201ctelescoping effect\u201d and why women have an increased risk for developing an AUD.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-025-00745-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T06:05:40Z","timestamp":1756361140000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Nucleus accumbens core chemogenetic excitation in male mice and chemogenetic inhibition in female mice reduced ethanol reward"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Amy E.","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gillian S.","family":"Driscoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaynah","family":"Usmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela R.","family":"Ozburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"745_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"White A, Castle I-JP, Chen CM, Shirley M, Roach D, Hingson R. 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