{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T00:59:46Z","timestamp":1793753986510,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725321600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Health Econ Rev"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s13561-024-00546-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T08:02:23Z","timestamp":1725350543000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Assessing the economic burden of vision loss and irreversible legal blindness in Spain (2021\u20132030): a societal perspective"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Luis","family":"Pablo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5255-8426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gonzaga","family":"Garay-Aramburu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Garc\u00eda Layana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anxo","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inmaculada","family":"V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xenia","family":"Acebes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacinto","family":"Zulueta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delfina","family":"Balonga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7066-0659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Salinas-Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0896-1423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0201-7247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Araceli","family":"Casado G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8743-6653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel \u00c1ngel","family":"Casado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Salvador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inmaculada","family":"Ba\u00f1\u00f3n-Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9636-0788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda","family":"Ru\u00edz-Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"546_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO): World Report on Vision. [Internet]. Ginebra: World Health Organization; 2020 [cited 2021 Dec 28]. Available from: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/331423"},{"key":"546_CR2","unstructured":"Encuesta Nacional de Salud de Espa\u00f1a (ENSE): limitaci\u00f3n y discapacidad [Internet]. Madrid: Ministerio de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar Social; 2017 p. 44. Available from: https:\/\/www.sanidad.gob.es\/estadEstudios\/estadisticas\/encuestaNacional\/encuesta2017.html"},{"key":"546_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Finger RP, Fimmers R, Holz FG, Scholl HPN. Incidence of Blindness and Severe Visual Impairment in Germany: Projections for 2030. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 2011;52:4381\u20139. Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.10-6987","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6987"},{"key":"546_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators, Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study. Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the Right to Sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet Glob Health. 2020;9:e144\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30489-7","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30489-7"},{"key":"546_CR5","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Ulla de Irazaz\u00e1bal F, Ondategui-Parra S. Informe sobre la ceguera en Espa\u00f1a [Internet]. Retinaplus, Ernst y Young, SL; 2012 [cited 2021 Dec 28] p. 129. Available from: https:\/\/www.esvision.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Informe_Ceguera.pdf"},{"key":"546_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2021.0146","volume":"139","author":"L Assi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Assi L, Chamseddine F, Ibrahim P, Sabbagh H, Rosman L, Congdon N, et al. A Global Assessment of Eye Health and Quality of Life: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2021;139:526\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2021.0146.","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."},{"key":"546_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2019.1631397","volume":"43","author":"JA Haegele","year":"2021","unstructured":"Haegele JA, Zhu X. Physical Activity, Self-efficacy and Health-related Quality of Life among Adults with Visual Impairments. Disabil Rehabil. 2021;43:530\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09638288.2019.1631397.","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil."},{"key":"546_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-021-02817-1","volume":"30","author":"PKM Purola","year":"2021","unstructured":"Purola PKM, N\u00e4ttinen JE, Ojamo MUI, Koskinen SVP, Rissanen HA, Sainio PRJ, et al. Prevalence and 11-year incidence of common eye diseases and their relation to health-related quality of life, mental health, and visual impairment. Qual Life Res. 2021;30:2311\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11136-021-02817-1.","journal-title":"Qual Life Res."},{"key":"546_CR9","unstructured":"Osaba M, Doro J, Liberal M, Lagunas J, Kuo IC, Reviglio VE. Relationship Between Legal Blindness and Depression. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol [Internet]. 2019;8:306\u201311. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6778679\/"},{"key":"546_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-021-06682-z","volume":"21","author":"EPJ van Munster","year":"2021","unstructured":"van Munster EPJ, van der Aa HPA, Verstraten P, van Nispen RMA. Barriers and facilitators to recognize and discuss depression and anxiety experienced by adults with vision impairment or blindness: a qualitative study. BMC Health Serv Res. 2021;21:749. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-021-06682-z.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res."},{"key":"546_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afab076","volume":"50","author":"M Montero-Odasso","year":"2021","unstructured":"Montero-Odasso M, van der Velde N, Alexander NB, Becker C, Blain H, Camicioli R, et al. New horizons in falls prevention and management for older adults: a global initiative. Age Ageing. 2021;50:1499\u2013507. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ageing\/afab076.","journal-title":"Age Ageing."},{"key":"546_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2412","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11092412","volume":"11","author":"G Virgili","year":"2022","unstructured":"Virgili G, Parravano M, Petri D, Maurutto E, Menchini F, Lanzetta P, et al. The Association between Vision Impairment and Depression: A Systematic Review of Population-Based Studies. J Clin Med. 2022;11:2412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11092412.","journal-title":"J Clin Med."},{"key":"546_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2019.1632904","volume":"26","author":"AP Marques","year":"2019","unstructured":"Marques AP, Macedo AF, Lima Ramos P, Moreno LH, Butt T, Rubin G, et al. Productivity Losses and Their Explanatory Factors Amongst People with Impaired Vision. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2019;26:378\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09286586.2019.1632904.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol."},{"key":"546_CR14","first-page":"e187","volume":"162","author":"A Muscio","year":"2011","unstructured":"Muscio A, Ciriaci D, Cruciani F. A simulation of cost-benefit analysis of blindness prevention in Italy. Clin Ter. 2011;162:e187\u2013194.","journal-title":"Clin Ter."},{"key":"546_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-019-01115-5","volume":"21","author":"Y Chuvarayan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chuvarayan Y, Finger RP, K\u00f6berlein-Neu J. Economic burden of blindness and visual impairment in Germany from a societal perspective: a cost-of-illness study. Eur J Health Econ. 2020;21:115\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10198-019-01115-5.","journal-title":"Eur J Health Econ."},{"key":"546_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.09.010","volume":"129","author":"DB Rein","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rein DB, Wittenborn JS, Zhang P, Sublett F, Lamuda PA, Lundeen EA, et al. The Economic Burden of Vision Loss and Blindness in the United States. Ophthalmology. 2022;129:369\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.09.010.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"546_CR17","unstructured":"Fedao, Visi\u00f3n y vida, Correos Express. Libro Blanco de la Visi\u00f3n en Espa\u00f1a [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2024 Mar 21]. Available from: https:\/\/fedao.org\/libro-blanco-de-la-vision-2023"},{"key":"546_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1159\/000316688","volume":"224","author":"SM Mojon-Azzi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mojon-Azzi SM, Sousa-Poza A, Mojon DS. Impact of Low Vision on Employment. Ophthalmologica [Internet]. 2010;224:381\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000316688.","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica [Internet]."},{"key":"546_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e489","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30488-5","volume":"9","author":"MJ Burton","year":"2021","unstructured":"Burton MJ, Ramke J, Marques AP, Bourne RRA, Congdon N, Jones I, et al. The Lancet Global Health Commission on Global Eye Health: vision beyond 2020. Lancet Glob Health. 2021;9:e489\u2013551. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30488-5.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health."},{"key":"546_CR20","unstructured":"National Organization of the Spanish Blind (ONCE). Conoce los datos anuales de nuestros afiliados [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Dec 28]. Available from: https:\/\/www.once.es\/"},{"key":"546_CR21","unstructured":"Statistics National Institute (INE). Cifras de poblaci\u00f3n y Censos demogr\u00e1ficos [Internet]. INE. 2021 [cited 2021 Dec 28]. Available from: https:\/\/www.ine.es\/"},{"key":"546_CR22","unstructured":"Statistics National Institute (INE). Proyecci\u00f3n de la poblaci\u00f3n residente en Espa\u00f1a 2018-2033 [Internet]. INE. 2018 [cited 2021 Dec 28]. Available from: https:\/\/www.ine.es\/"},{"key":"546_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oftal.2017.09.009","volume":"93","author":"JM Mart\u00ednez-de-la-Casa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-de-la-Casa JM. Perspectivas futuras en el tratamiento m\u00e9dico del glaucoma. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2018;93:1\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oftal.2017.09.009.","journal-title":"Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol."},{"key":"546_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oftal.2017.03.003","volume":"92","author":"FJ Mu\u00f1oz Negrete","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz Negrete FJ, Azuara-Blanco A. Nuevo abordaje para el tratamiento del glaucoma por cierre angular primario tras el estudio EAGLE. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2017;92:351\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oftal.2017.03.003.","journal-title":"Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol."},{"key":"546_CR25","unstructured":"Ministerio de Sanidad, Subdirecci\u00f3n General de Informaci\u00f3n Sanitaria. Mortalidad por causa de muerte. [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Dec 28]. Available from: https:\/\/pestadistico.inteligenciadegestion.sanidad.gob.es\/"},{"key":"546_CR26","unstructured":"Ministerio de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar Social., Subdirecci\u00f3n General de Informaci\u00f3n Sanitaria. Registro de Actividad de Atenci\u00f3n Especializada \u2013 RAE-CMBD [Internet]. Madrid: Portal Estad\u00edstico del Ministerio de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar Social; 2017 [cited 2021 Dec 28]. Available from: https:\/\/pestadistico.inteligenciadegestion.mscbs.es"},{"key":"546_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.3109\/09286586.2010.498661","volume":"17","author":"P Romero-Aroca","year":"2010","unstructured":"Romero-Aroca P, Sagarra-Alamo R, Baget-Bernaldiz M, Fern\u00e1ndez-Ballart J, M\u00e9ndez-Marin I. Prevalence and relationship between diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy, and its risk factors in the North-East of Spain, a population-based study. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2010;17:251\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/09286586.2010.498661.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol."},{"key":"546_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rojo-Mart\u00ednez G, Vald\u00e9s S, Soriguer F, Vendrell J, Urrutia I, P\u00e9rez V, et al. Incidence of diabetes mellitus in Spain as results of the nation-wide cohort di@bet.es study. Sci Rep. 2020;10:2765. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-59643-7.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59643-7"},{"key":"546_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307689","volume":"100","author":"P Romero-Aroca","year":"2016","unstructured":"Romero-Aroca P, de la Riva-Fernandez S, Valls-Mateu A, Sagarra-Alamo R, Moreno-Ribas A, Soler N. Changes observed in diabetic retinopathy: eight-year follow-up of a Spanish population. Br J Ophthalmol. 2016;100:1366\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307689.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"546_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Castillo-Ot\u00ed JM, Ca\u00f1al-Villanueva J, Garc\u00eda-Unzueta MT, Galv\u00e1n-Manso AI, Callejas-Herrero MR, Mu\u00f1oz-Cacho P. [Prevalence and risk factors associated with diabetic retinopathy in Santander. Northern Spain]. Aten Primaria. 2020;52:29\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aprim.2018.10.001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aprim.2018.10.001"},{"key":"546_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-016-0318-x","volume":"16","author":"P Romero-Aroca","year":"2016","unstructured":"Romero-Aroca P, de la Riva-Fernandez S, Valls-Mateu A, Sagarra-Alamo R, Moreno-Ribas A, Soler N, et al. Cost of diabetic retinopathy and macular oedema in a population, an eight year follow up. BMC Ophthalmol. 2016;16:136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12886-016-0318-x.","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol."},{"key":"546_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.121.4.519","volume":"121","author":"R van Leeuwen","year":"2003","unstructured":"van Leeuwen R, Klaver CCW, Vingerling JR, Hofman A, de Jong PTVM. The risk and natural course of age-related maculopathy: follow-up at 6 1\/2 years in the Rotterdam study. Arch Ophthalmol. 2003;121:519\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archopht.121.4.519.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol."},{"key":"546_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Spanish Eyes Epidemiological (SEE) Study Group. Prevalence of age-related macular degeneration in Spain. Br J Ophthalmol. 2011;95:931\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo.2010.187773","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2010.187773"},{"key":"546_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ruiz-Moreno JM, Roura M, en representaci\u00f3n del grupo del estudio Mypathway. Cost of myopic patients with and without myopic choroidal neovascularisation. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2016;91:265\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oftal.2016.01.013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oftal.2016.01.013"},{"key":"546_CR35","unstructured":"Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Monthly comparative price levels [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Dec 28]. Available from: https:\/\/stats.oecd.org\/"},{"key":"546_CR36","unstructured":"Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edstica (INE). Nivel y condiciones de vida (IPC): \u00daltimos datos [Internet]. INE. [cited 2021 Dec 28] Available from: https:\/\/www.ine.es\/"},{"key":"546_CR37","unstructured":"International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness (IAPB). Vision Atlas: Country Map & Estimates of Vision Loss [Internet]. The International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness. 2024 [cited 2024 Mar 21]. Available from: https:\/\/www.iapb.org\/learn\/vision-atlas\/"},{"key":"546_CR38","unstructured":"The economist Group. Vision for change: meeting the growing demand for eye care [Internet]. Roche. 2022 [cited 2021 Dec 28]. Available from: https:\/\/impact.economist.com\/projects\/vision-for-change\/"},{"key":"546_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pezzullo L, Streatfeild J, Simkiss P, Shickle D. The economic impact of sight loss and blindness in the UK adult population. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018;18:63. ). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-018-2836-0","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-018-2836-0"},{"key":"546_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.10.029","volume":"126","author":"KS Naidoo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Naidoo KS, Fricke TR, Frick KD, Jong M, Naduvilath TJ, Resnikoff S, et al. Potential Lost Productivity Resulting from the Global Burden of Myopia: Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Modeling. Ophthalmology. 2019;126:338\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.10.029.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"546_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2017.1281426","volume":"24","author":"U Chakravarthy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chakravarthy U, Biundo E, Saka RO, Fasser C, Bourne R, Little J-A. The Economic Impact of Blindness in Europe. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2017;24:239\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09286586.2017.1281426.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol."},{"key":"546_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rezapour A, Adel A, Aboutorabi A, Askarzade E, Barghazan SH, Pourtaleb A, et al. Economic Burden of Vision Loss and Eye Disorders in Iran. Iran J Public Health. 2023;52:2207\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/ijph.v52i10.13859","DOI":"10.18502\/ijph.v52i10.13859"},{"key":"546_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roberts CB, Hiratsuka Y, Yamada M, Pezzullo ML, Yates K, Takano S, et al. Economic Cost of Visual Impairment in Japan. Archives of Ophthalmology [Internet]. 2010;128:766\u201371. Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archophthalmol.2010.86","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2010.86"},{"key":"546_CR44","unstructured":"Statistics National Institute (INE). Contabilidad Nacional Anual de Espa\u00f1a: principales agregados - A\u00f1os 2018\u20132020 [Internet]. INE. 2021 [cited 2021 Dec 28]. Available from: https:\/\/www.ine.es\/"},{"key":"546_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2103","DOI":"10.1185\/03007990802214300","volume":"24","author":"JM Ruiz-Moreno","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ruiz-Moreno JM, Coco RM, Garc\u00eda-Arum\u00ed J, Xu X, Zlateva G. Burden of illness of bilateral neovascular age-related macular degeneration in Spain. Curr Med Res Opin. 2008;24:2103\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1185\/03007990802214300.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin."},{"key":"546_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14644","volume":"99","author":"Y Xu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xu Y, Wang A, Lin X, Xu J, Shan Y, Pan X, et al. Global burden and gender disparity of vision loss associated with diabetes retinopathy. Acta Ophthalmol. 2021;99:431\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aos.14644.","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol."},{"key":"546_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2021.03.062","volume":"229","author":"C Rasendran","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rasendran C, Imran Y, Talcott KE. Incremental Economic Burden of Depression in Ophthalmic Patients. Am J Ophthalmol. 2021;229:184\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2021.03.062.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"546_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2016.03.006","volume":"61","author":"CG de Moraes","year":"2016","unstructured":"de Moraes CG, Liebmann JM, Medeiros FA, Weinreb RN. Management of advanced glaucoma: Characterization and monitoring. Surv Ophthalmol. 2016;61:597\u2013615. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.survophthal.2016.03.006.","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol."},{"key":"546_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2019.1700532","volume":"27","author":"A Bastawrous","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bastawrous A, Suni A-V. Thirty Year Projected Magnitude (to 2050) of Near and Distance Vision Impairment and the Economic Impact if Existing Solutions are Implemented Globally. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2020;27:115\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09286586.2019.1700532.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol."},{"key":"546_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.09.041","volume":"127","author":"PA Newman-Casey","year":"2020","unstructured":"Newman-Casey PA, Salman M, Lee PP, Gatwood JD. Cost-Utility Analysis of Glaucoma Medication Adherence. Ophthalmology. 2020;127:589\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.09.041.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"546_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e968","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30201-3","volume":"7","author":"J Tang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tang J, Liang Y, O\u2019Neill C, Kee F, Jiang J, Congdon N. Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of population-based glaucoma screening in China: a decision-analytic Markov model. Lancet Glob Health. 2019;7:e968\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30201-3.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health."},{"key":"546_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000001022","volume":"35","author":"R Correia Bar\u00e3o","year":"2024","unstructured":"Correia Bar\u00e3o R, Hemelings R, Abeg\u00e3o Pinto L, Pazos M, Stalmans I. Artificial intelligence for glaucoma: state of the art and future perspectives. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2024;35:104\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICU.0000000000001022.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol."},{"key":"546_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.12.11.38","volume":"12","author":"JPM Blair","year":"2023","unstructured":"Blair JPM, Rodriguez JN, Lasagni Vitar RM, Stadelmann MA, Abreu-Gonz\u00e1lez R, Donate J, et al. Development of LuxIA, a Cloud-Based AI Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Tool Using a Single Color Fundus Image. Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2023;12:38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/tvst.12.11.38.","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol."},{"key":"546_CR54","unstructured":"Romero Aroca PR, Almena Garc\u00eda M, Baget Bernaldiz MB, M\u00e9ndez-Marin I, Salvat Serra M. Actualizaci\u00f3n en la epidemiolog\u00eda del Edema Macular diab\u00e9tico. Annals d`Oftalmologia [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2021 Dec 28];13:92\u2013102. Available from: https:\/\/dialnet.unirioja.es\/servlet\/articulo?codigo=6396967"},{"key":"546_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-013-2354-z","volume":"251","author":"K Lorenz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lorenz K, Wolfram C, Breitscheidel L, Shlaen M, Verboven Y, Pfeiffer N. Direct cost and predictive factors for treatment in patients with ocular hypertension or early, moderate and advanced primary open-angle glaucoma: the CoGIS study in Germany. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2013;251:2019\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-013-2354-z.","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol."},{"key":"546_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0b013e3181af31d6","volume":"19","author":"G Kobelt","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kobelt G, Texier-Richard B, Buchholz P, Bron A, Renard J-P, Rouland J-F, et al. Treatment of glaucoma in clinical practice: four-year results from a patient registry in France. J Glaucoma. 2010;19:199\u2013206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/IJG.0b013e3181af31d6.","journal-title":"J Glaucoma."},{"key":"546_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1185\/03007990802111068","volume":"24","author":"J Thygesen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Thygesen J, Aagren M, Arnavielle S, Bron A, Fr\u00f6hlich SJ, Baggesen K, et al. Late-stage, primary open-angle glaucoma in Europe: social and health care maintenance costs and quality of life of patients from 4 countries. Curr Med Res Opin. 2008;24:1763\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1185\/03007990802111068.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin."},{"key":"546_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.067355","volume":"89","author":"CE Traverso","year":"2005","unstructured":"Traverso CE, Walt JG, Kelly SP, Hommer AH, Bron AM, Denis P, et al. Direct costs of glaucoma and severity of the disease: a multinational long term study of resource utilisation in Europe. Br J Ophthalmol. 2005;89:1245\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo.2005.067355.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"546_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-007-0573-x","volume":"246","author":"M Happich","year":"2008","unstructured":"Happich M, Reitberger U, Breitscheidel L, Ulbig M, Watkins J. The economic burden of diabetic retinopathy in Germany in 2002. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2008;246:151\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-007-0573-x.","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol."},{"key":"546_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-200826010-00006","volume":"26","author":"AF Cruess","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cruess AF, Zlateva G, Xu X, Soubrane G, Pauleikhoff D, Lotery A, et al. Economic burden of bilateral neovascular age-related macular degeneration: multi-country observational study. Pharmacoeconomics. 2008;26:57\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00019053-200826010-00006.","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics."}],"container-title":["Health Economics Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13561-024-00546-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13561-024-00546-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13561-024-00546-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T19:05:46Z","timestamp":1725390346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/healtheconomicsreview.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13561-024-00546-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["546"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13561-024-00546-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["2191-1991"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2191-1991","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 December 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 August 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 September 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All the authors approved the final version of the manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"LP, AGL, AF, JZ and JMRM have received payments for the participation in advisory meetings for this project. No honoraria or payments were made for authorship or for any activity related to the publication development.GGA has received a publication grant from Allergan and has received payments for the participation in advisory meetings for this project. No honoraria or payments were made for authorship or for any activity related to the publication development.JS was a paid employee of AbbVie during the development of the present work, and IBR is a paid employee of AbbVie and might have stock ownership or options. LSO, ACG and MAC are employees of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research Iberia (PORIB) a consultant company specialized in health technology assessment, which has received financial support from AbbVie to conduct the development of the present work. AMC was a paid employee of PORIB during the development of the present work.IV, DB and XA have not received any payment for the development of this project and have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"70"}}